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1、山东省成人高等教育学士学位英语考试大纲( 试行 ) 一、总则为了客观地评价我省成人高等教育（非英语专业）学员的英语水平，有效地调动学生学习英语的积极性，提高学生的英语水平，从而保证成人教育本科毕业生学士学位的授予质量，根据教育部大学英语课程教学要求（试行）的要求、结合我省英语教学的现状和成人高等教育的特点以及社会对学生英语能力的实际要求，制定本考试大纲。本考试的难度界定在大学英语三级的水平，是一种标准化考试。为保证试卷的信度，除短文写作部分是主观性试题外，其余试题全部客观性的多项选择题形式。短文写作部分的目的是考核考生运用语言的能力，从而提高试卷的效度。二、评价目标本考试采用水平测试的方法，指
2、在考察学生的基本的英语综合应用能力，包括一定的听说能力，使他们在今后工作和社会交往中能用英语比较有效地进行口头和书面的信息交流，同时增强其自主学习能力、提高综合文化素养，以适应我国经济发展和国际交流的需要，并为进一步提高英语水平打下较好的基础。具体要求如下：（一）词汇应掌握 3500 个左右的英语单词，正确熟练使用由这些单词构成的常用搭配，并具备用构词法知识识别生词的能力。（二）语法知识掌握主谓一致关系，表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句等句型，直接引语和间接引语的用法，动词不定式和分词的用法，各种时态、主动语态、被动语态等基本的语法知识，并注重在语篇层面上运用语法知识的能力。（三）阅读能
3、力考生应该能够综合运用英语语言知识和阅读技能理解书面英语，能以每分钟60 词的速度阅读各种题材（包括社会生活、人物传记、科普、史地、政治、经济等）和体裁（包括议论文、记叙文、说明文、应用文等）的文字材料。阅读材料的生词量不超过，对于超出全日制教学大纲词汇表一至三级词汇表范围的词，用汉语注明词义。应试人员能够：1. 掌握所读材料的主旨和大意; 2. 了解用以阐述主旨的事实和有关细节; 3. 根据上下文判断某些生词或短语的意义; 4. 理解单词的意义和上下句之间的逻辑关系; 5. 根据所读的材料进行一定的判断、推理；6. 领会作者的观点和态度。（四）写作能力能在 30 分钟内写出长度为100 个单
4、词的短文，内容切题，语句连贯，条理清楚，语法正确，语言通顺恰当。三、考试内容本考试包括五个部分：阅读理解、词语用法与语法结构、完型填空、汉译英、短文写作。全部题目按顺序统一编号。第一部分：阅读理解（PartIReadingComprehension）: 共 20 题，考试时间35 分钟。本部分要求考生阅读4 篇英文短文，总阅读量不超过1000词。每篇短文后有5 个问题。考生应根据文章内容从每题四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。本部分选材的原则是：1题材广泛，包括人物传记、社会、文化、日常知识等，其中所涉及的背景知识均在考生能理解的范围之内；2体裁多样，包括叙述文、说明文、议论文等；3文章的语言难度
5、适中，超出考生应掌握的词汇范围的词，用汉语注明词义。本部分主要测试以下能力：1掌握所读材料的主指和大意；2了解说明主指和大意的事实和细节；3既能理解字面意思，也能根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推理；4既能理解个别句子的意思，也能理解上下文的逻辑关系。本部分的目的是测试考生通过阅读获取信息的能力，既要求准确，也要求有一定的速度。第二部分：词语用法和语法结构（PartIIVocabulary&Structure）: 共 40 题，考试时间30分钟。题目中60% 为词和短评的用法，40% 为语法结构。要求考生从每题四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。本部分的目的是测试考生运用词汇、短语及语法结构的能力。第三
6、部分：完型填空（PartIIIClose）: 共 10 题，考试时间10 分钟。在一篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文（约200 词）中留有 10 个空白，每个空白为一题，每题有四个选择项，要求考生在全面理解内容的基础上选择一个最佳答案，使短文的意思和结构恢复完整。填空的词项包括结构词和实义词。本部分的目的是测试考生综合运用语言的能力。第四部分：汉译英（PartIVTranslation）: 共 5 题，考试时间是15 分钟。给出 5 个汉语句子，要求考生翻译成英语，所译英语表达清楚，句子结构和用词正确。本部分指在考察考生掌握汉英翻译的方法技巧、语言翻译能力以及汉英翻译所必备的语言文化知识。第五部分：
7、写作（ PartVWriting）: 共 1 题，考试时间为30 分钟。要求考生根据题目规定写出一篇 100 词左右的短文。试卷上可能给出题目，或规定情景，或给出段首句，或给出提纲。要求能够正确表达思想，意义连贯，无重大语法错误。写作的内容包括日常生活和一般常识。本部分的目的是测试考生运用英语书面表达思想的初步能力。四、答题及计分方法客观性试题用机器阅卷，要求考生从每题四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上（AnswerSheet）上该题的相应字母中间用铅笔划一条横线。试卷（TestPaper ）不能做任何记号。每题只能选择一个答案，多选作答错处理。主观性试题（短文写作），写在作文纸上，按
8、科学的评分标准评分。试卷各部分计分采用加权的方法，折算成百分制，以60分为及格标准。试卷五个部分的题目、计分和考试时间列表如下：山东省成人高等教育学士学位英语考试样题Sample Test Part I Reading Comprehension(35 minutes,40 points) Directions: There are four reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are
9、four choices marked A),B),C) and D). After you read a passage you should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. A fire drill is, to put it mildly, an
10、inconvenient exercise at the best of times. A fire drill at 2:00 in the morning in terrible weather conditions, like the one we had on Thursday night and Friday morning last, is incomparably more inconvenient. This is why writing this note to thank you all most sincerely for your excellent co-operat
11、ion and the spirit with which you endured the inconvenience. A fire drill is not an idle exercise. It is an extremely serious one and can, in fact, save lives in the long run. Last week fire drill has already reyealed a number of important things regarding fire precautions in the Hall. For instance,
12、 there seem to exit a number of “deaf spots” in the Hall, namely, the two rooms in Purser House and some rooms in the Bottom corridor. I have no reason to doubt that residents from these areas could not hear the alarm. I shall request an immediate examination of this problem. I should, also, remind
13、you that it is a requirement that fire drills should be regularly carried out (at least two in every one year)and each resident should be made fully aware of this and obliged to take part. All residents must take fire precautions with the seriousness they deserve. Failure to do so can result bin fin
14、es and expulsion(驱逐)from the Hall. Thank you again for your co-operation. 1. The last fire drill caused much more inconvenience because_. A) it was in bad weather B) there were “deaf spots” C) a big fire started D) it was at the weekend 2. The phrase “in the long run”(L.2,Part.2)means_. A)effectivel
15、y B) endlessly C) eventually D) efficiently 3. Some people did not make their appearance at the last drill because_. A) they were deaf B)they could not hear the alarm C) nobody waked them up D) they refused to leave their rooms 4. Afire drill is extremely important according to the writer for_. A) i
16、t is a good physical exercise B) it cultivates peoples enduranceC) it is a legal requirement D) it can save lives in case of a fire 5. Which of the following was NOT stated by the author? A) A fire drill is very important and useful. B) The last fire drill received inactive co-operation from the res
17、idents. C) Those who do not take fire precautions will be fined and driven out. D) It has been made a rule that fire drills will be performed regularly. Passage Two Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage Accidents are caused; they dont just happen. The reason may be easy to see: a shel
18、f out of reach, a patch of ice on the misfortunefrustration, tiredness or just bad temper that show what the accident really is, a sort of attack on oneself. Road accidents, for example, happen frequently after a family quarrel, and we all know people who are accident-prone, so often at odds with th
19、emselves and the world that they seem to cause accidents for themselves and others. By definition, an accident is something you can not predict or avoid, and the idea which used to be current, that the majority of road accidents are caused by a minority of criminally careless drivers, is not support
20、ed by insurance statistics. These show that most accidents involve ordinary motorists in a moments of carelessness or thoughtlessness. It is not always clear, either, what sort of conditions make people more likely to have an accident. For instance, the law requires all factories to take safety prec
21、autions and most companies have safety committees to make sure the regulations are observed, but still, every day in Britain, some fifty thousand men and women are injured from work due to accidents. These accidents are largely the result of human error or misjudgmentnoise and fatigue, boredom or wo
22、rry are possible factors which contribute to this. Doctors who work in factories have found that those who drink too much, usually people who have a high anxiety level, run three times the normal risk of accidents at work. 6. The passage suggests that_. A)Accidents are usually caused by psychologica
23、l factors. B)Accidents mostly result from slippery roads. C)Drinkers run three times the normal risk of accidents in factories. D)About 50 000people lose their lives at work in Britain every day. 7.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor of accidents? A) Mood. B) Tiredness. C) Carelessne
24、ss D) Weather 8. The word “accidents-prone ”(L.2 Para.2)means_.A) likely to have accidentsB) injured in accidents C) possible to die in accidents D) responsible for road accidents 9. What can we infer about the author opinion of accidents?A) Safety precautions are of little use in accidents. B) Many
25、 accidents can and should be avoided. C) Factory accidents , unlike road accidents, are inevitable. D) Most road accidents are caused by just a few careless drivers. 10. The best title for the passage would be _. A) Accidents and Anxiety B) How to Deal with Accidents on Road and in Factories C) Huma
26、n Factors in Accidents D) How to Prevent Accidents on Road and in Factories Passage Three Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage. Is language, like food, a basic human need? Judging from the result of the violent experiment by a German King, Frederick II, in the 13th century, it may b
27、e. Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue, he told the nurses to keep silent. All the infants died before the first year. But clearly there was more than language deprivation here. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the first ye
28、ar of life especially, the capacity to survive is seriously affected. Today no much violent deprivation exists as that by Frederick II. Nevertheless, some children are still backward in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the infant, whose bra
29、in is programmed to map up language rapidly. There are critical times, it seems, when children learn more readily. If these sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for acquiring language skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again. Linguists(语言学家 )suggest that speech stages
30、 are reached in a fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ. Recent evidence suggests that an infant is born with the capacity to speak. What is special about Mans brain compared with that of the monke
31、y, is the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of , say, a teddy-bear( 玩具熊 )with the sound pattern “teddy-bear ”. But speech has to be stimulated, and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child, where the mother recognizes the signals in the child s ba
32、bbling(牙牙学语 ), grasping, crying, smiling, and responds to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls the interaction because the child gets discouraged and sends out only the obvious signals. Sensitivity to the childs non-verbal signals is essential to the growth and development langua
33、ge. 11. Frederick IIs experiment was violent because_. A) he wanted to prove children are born with ability to speak B) he ignored the importance of mothering to the infant C) he was unkind to the nurse D) he wanted his nurses to say no mother tongue 12. The reason some children are backward in spea
34、king today that_. A) their mothers do not respond to their attempts to speak B) their mothers are not intelligent enough to help them C) they do not listen carefully to their mothers D) their brains have to absorb too much language at once. 13. By “critical times” in Paragraph 3 the author means_.A)
35、 difficult periods in the childs life B) moments when the child becomes critical to its mother C) important stages in the childs development D) times when mothers often neglect their children 14. Which of the following in NOT implied in the passage? A) Ability to learn to speak a language is inborn
36、in man B) Children do not need to be encouraged to learn to speak C) Early language starters are not necessarily highly intelligent D) Most children learn their language in definite stages 15. If the mother does not respond to her childs signals_. A) the child will never be able to speak properly B)
37、 the child will stop giving out signals C) the child will invent a language of his own D) the child will make little effort to speak Passage Four Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage. Americans who remember “the good old days” are not alone in complaining about the educational syste
38、m in this country. Immigrants(移民) complain ,too. Lately a German friend was filled with anger when he learned that the mathematics test given to his son on his first day as a college freshman included multiplication and division. Japanese businessmen in Los Angeles send their children to private sch
39、ools staffed by teachers imported from Japan to learn mathematics at Japanese levels, generally considered at least a year more advanced than the level here. But I wonder: If American education is so poor, why is it that this is still the country of innovation(创新)? When I was 12 in Indonesia, I had
40、to memorize the name of all the worlds major cities, from Kabul to Karachi. At the same age, my son, who was brought up by a Californian, thought that Buenos Aires was Spanish for good food. However, unlike children of his age in Asia and Europe, my son had studied creative geography. When he was on
41、ly 6, he drew a map of the route that he traveled to get to school, including the streets, the traffic signs and the houses that he passed. Dissatisfied American parents forget that in this country their children are able to experiment freely with ideas; without this they will not really be able to
42、think or to believe in themselves. Critics of American education cannot grasp one thing: freedom. America, I think, is the only country that extends even to children the license to freely speak, write and be creative. Our public education certainly is not perfect, but it is a great deal better than
43、any other. I think I have found the answer to my question. 16. From the text we learn that_. A) both Americans and immigrants are dissatisfied with the quality of American education B) the author shares the general idea that American education is worse than education in many other countries C) Japan
44、ese schools in America require their American teachers to teach mathematics at Japanese levels D) the author s German friend was a little displeased because the mathematics test for his son was too easy. 17. Which of the following is NOT true? A) The author most probably was an immigrant from Asia a
45、nd received some school education there. B) Buenos Aires must be the name of a city, as are Kabul and Karachi. C) Children in other countries are not likely to learn creative geography. D) The knowledge of geography of the authors son shows that American education is poor.18. Which of the following
46、can be inferred from the passage? A) If children are not allowed to experiment freely with ideas they wont grow up independent and creative. B) Most Americans think the present American educational system is not as good as it used to be. C) Private schools run by Japanese businessmen maintain a high
47、er level than American public schools. D) Americans are more innovative than other people in the world. 19. In the last paragraph the author says, “I have found the answer to my question.” What is the question? A) Is Japanese education better than American education? B) Why do Japanese businessmen s
48、end their children to Japanese-staffed schools? C) Why was my son not taught enough geographic knowledge? D) Is American education really worse than education in other countries? 20. What would be the best title for this passage? A) American Education and Education in Foreign countries B) Improvemen
49、t Needed for American Education C) Freedom to Think Characteristic of American Education D) Education and Innovation in American Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30 minutes, 20points) Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B),
50、 C), D). Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 21. Don t leave your bicycle out in the rain. Itll get_. A) rusty B) crude C) rough D) tough 22. I_ to him for the error. A) excused B) apolo