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1、名词性从句考点一、找出以下句子的成分主、谓、宾、表、定、状、补1. Mouse loves rice.2. God is a girl.3. Im Miss Chen, the head teacher of Class One.4(1) His job is important. 4(2) What he does is important.5(1) This is his job. 5(2) This is what he does every day.6(1) I dont like his job. 6(1) I dont like what he does every day.7(1
2、) I dont know the man, Mr. White. 7(2) I dont know the fact that he is a teacher.二、名词从句(Noun Clauses)在句子中起 名词 作用的句子，相当于 名词词组 在复合句中能担任 主语 、 表语 、 宾语 、 同位语 等根据它在句中不同的语法功能，可分为 主语从句 (Subject Clause)、 表语从句 (Predicative Clause)、 宾语从句 (Object Clause)和 同位语从句 (Appositive Clause)三、名词性从句考点：考点1语序：名词性从句在句中要用 陈述 语
3、序，即_ + _1) He would be back in an hour. He saidHe said _.2) Do they speak English? We want to knowWe want to know _.3) What is her name? He asks meHe asks me _.注意:在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词之后, 宾语从句中谓语的否认常转移到主句的谓语上如：I dont think he will see you. We dont expect he is coming. I dont believe he
4、 will go. 我相信他不会走。考点2时态1. 如果主句是过去 的时态(包括一般过去时 , 过去进行时 )那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态 。合成一个句子：1) When will Professor Li give us a talk? We wanted to know We wanted to know when Professor Li would give us a talk .2) Jim is a good student. The teacher said The teacher said (that) Jim was a good student . 3) H
5、as Mr. Green been in Beijing for five years? He asked He asked if/whether Mr. Green had been in Beijing for five years .2. 主句的动词用过去时，从句表示客观事实，格言，谚语等，从句谓语动词用_Our physics teacher once told us that light _ (travel) faster than sound.3. 主句的动词用一般现在时 ，从句谓语可根据需要选用各种时态 Tom says that Mary _ (go) abroad last
6、year and _ (be) there for nearly 5 months.考点3. 主谓一致问题单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数 形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词那么用复数 形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数 形式。 1)何时开会还没有决定。When the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet.2)他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定。When they will start and where they will go _ (have) not been decided
7、yet.3)何时何地开会还没有决定。When and where the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet.考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用1. 引导词that 可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的that可省略不可省略的情况：1. 主语从句 2. 表语从句 3. 同位语从句4. 用it做形式宾语的宾语从句5. 并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词that 不能省略1) I dont think _ she is coming.2) It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3) The reas
8、on is _ he is careless.4) The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5) I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.6) He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.2. 主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择who、which、when、where、why、how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。1)我们
9、何时举行运动会还没有决定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.2) 我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.3) 我不知道他长的什么样子。I have no idea _ he looks like.4) 这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.3. that和what的选用: that和what都可引导所有的名词从句。1) I think that it is unnecessary for me to speak loud
10、er.2) His mother is satisfied with what he has done.3) That he was able to come made us happy.4) This is what makes us interested.5) The reason was that Tom had never seen the million-pound note before. 所引导的从句中是否缺主语、表语或宾语汉语意义能否省略whatthat选词填空：what、 that1) _ he wants is a book.2) _ he wants to go ther
11、e is obvious.3) The result is _ we won the game.4) This is _ we want to know.5) Is _ he told us true?6) We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7) I have no doubt _ he will come.8) I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.4. if 和whether的选用不能使用if 的情况：1)在主语从句中，只有用it作形式主语时, whether和if都能引导主语从句,
12、 否那么, 也只能用whether。如: Whether we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet. It hasnt been decided whether (if) we shall attend the meeting.2)表语从句 如：The question is whether the film is worth seeing.同位语从句 如：The news whether our team has won the match is unknown.3)介词之后的宾语从句。(介词往往可以省略) 如：It all dep
13、ends (on) whether they will support us.4)后面直接跟动词不定式时，即whether to do。如：He doesnt know whether to stay or not.5)后面紧接or not时，即whether or not。如：We didnt know whether or not she was ready.选词填空：if / whether1) I asked her _ she had a bike.2) _ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the we
14、ather.3) Were worried about _ he is safe.4) I dont know _ he is well or not.5) I dont know _ or not he is well.6) The question is _ he should do it.7) The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8) I dont know _ to go.考点5 虚拟语气 a)主语从句中的虚拟语气根本句型：It is + 形容词 、名词 、过去分词 + th
15、at . + (should) do 形容词 : important ,necessary, natural, strange 名词 : a pity, a shame, no wonder过去分词: suggested, ordered, demanded, insisted1) It is ordered that he _ the examination? A. takes B. has to take C. must take D. take2) It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had
16、told D. has toldb)宾语从句中的虚拟语气表示建议、要求、命令、坚持等动词suggest, insist, advise, propose, demand, require, request, order, command后的从句谓语动词用_We suggested that the meeting _A. should put off B. be put off C. was put off D. putting off注意:suggest 当表示“暗示、说明讲时，insist 表示“坚持认为之意时，从句按需要来选择时态The smile on his face suggest
17、ed that he _ (was/be/is) satisfied with our work.对现在虚拟时，that从句中谓语用过去时。 如：IwishI_(know)theanswer now.对过去虚拟时，用had过去分词。 如：Iwishhe _(pass)theexam yesterday.将来虚拟时，用would(might等)动词原形如：IwishI_ (fly)tothemooninafewyears.c)表语和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气
18、，即_His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can tryThe order given by the commander was that they _ until the commander allowed they to. A. stopped B. didnt stop C. stop D. not stop考点6 it作形式主语和形式宾语1. 当主语从句较长,而谓语较短时,常常将从句_,而用it作为形式主语置于句首。用it作形式主语的that-从句有以
19、下四种不同的搭配关系：It + be +形容词+ that-从句It + be +名词+ that-从句It is necessary that 有必要It is important that 重要的是It is obvious that很明显It is common knowledge that 是常识It is a surprise that 令人惊奇的是It is a fact that 事实是It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句It +不及物动词+ that-分句It is believed that人们相信It is known to all that众所周知It ha
20、s been decided that已决定It appears that 似乎It happens that碰巧It occurred to me that 我突然想起1) It is certain that he will come.2) It is said that some American friends will visit our school next week.3) It happened that we were out for a walk yesterday evening.2. 在接复合宾语的句子中, 为了保持句子平衡, 用it作形式宾语, 将从句放于句尾, 常接
21、复合宾语的动词有: make, find, see, hear, feel, think.1) I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.2) Ithinkitapitytowastethefood.考点7 同位语从句的引导和区分1. 同位语从句的格式：n. + 连接词 + 从句2. 能接同位语从句的名词有：fact、idea, news, information, order, belief, advice, suggestion等3. 连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用whether, what, w
22、hen, where 等来引导同位语从句。1) I have no idea _ he comes from.2) He cant answer the question _ he got the money.3) He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4) I have no doubt _ he will win.5) I have some doubt _ he will win.4. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别 同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词; 定语从句所修饰、限定
23、的名词或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的。We express the hope that they will come to visit China again. (_从句)Those who want to go please sign their names here. (_从句)判断以下句子是哪种从句：同位语从句_ 定语从句_1) The news that he told us made us happy.2) The news that we won the game made us happy.3) We will consider the suggestion that we shou
24、ld build a new library.4) We will consider the suggestion that he put forward at the meeting.5) The news that he told me is that Mike would go abroad next year.6) The news that Mike would go abroad next year is told by him. 7) She expressed the hope that they would come to visit Shanghai again. 8) T
25、he hope (that) she expressed is that they would come to visit Shanghai again. 同位语从句所说明的名词与从句没有逻辑关系；The news that they won the match is true. (news和从句没有逻辑关系)The order when we should go back hasnt reached us. (order和从句没有逻辑关系)定语从句所限定的名词是从句逻辑上的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。The news that you told us yesterday is true.
26、 (news是told的逻辑宾语)The day when New China was founded will never be forgotten. (day是founded逻辑状语) 引导同位语从句的连词不可省略; The news that he has been elected monitor of our class is true.引导定语从句的关系代词作宾语时常可省略。The news (that) he told me is exciting. 同位语从句主要由连接词that引导,有时也可用when,where,who,whether等引导; 定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导
27、。Then he raised the question where they were to get the machine needed.Do you know the place where he was born? 同位语从句与先行词一般可变成一个完整句子, 谓语动词用be的不同形式。 He heard the news that their team had won. 此句可以变为一个表语从句: The news was that their team had won.Exercise:I. 主语从句1.他上周突然生病使我们惊讶。That he suddenly fell ill l
28、ast week made us surprised.2.毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 3.他是否会来这里还不清楚。Whether hell come here is not clear.4.这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。How this happened is not clear to anyone. 5.他们将什么时候开始还没决定。When they will start has not been decided yet.6.她干了什么尚不清楚。What she did is not yet kno
29、wn. 7.他所做的任何事情是正确的Whatever he did was right. 8.不管谁来都欢送。Whoever comes is welcome. 9.你们当中不管哪个进来将会得到奖Whoever of you comes in will receive a prize.10.你所在的任何地方就是我的家-我唯一的家。Wherever you are is my home - my only home. II. 表语从句1.麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。The trouble is that I have lost his address. 2.问题是他们是否能帮我们。The quest
30、ion is whether they will be able to help us. 3.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。The problem is whom we can get to replace her.4.问题是他是如何做此事的。The question is how he did it.5.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.6.这是因为他生病了。This was because he was ill.7.他死去的原因是他没有吃药。 The reason for his de
31、ath was that he didnt take medicine.8.他看起来还与十年前一样。He looked just as he had looked ten years before.9.这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。All this was over twenty years ago, but its as if it was only yesterday.10.看起来天要下雨了。It looked just as if it was going to rain.III. 宾语从句He told us that he felt ill.I doubt whether/
32、if he will succeed.3.我真不知道是该哭还是该笑。I dont know whether to cry or to smile.I wonder whether it is true or not.5.他是什么人？他是干什么的？马丁根本不知道.Who or what he was, Martin never learned.I wonder what hes writing to me about.7.我为我说的话表示歉意。I m sorry for what I have said.8.你知道他在哪里吗? Do you know where he is?9.我会告诉你我为什
33、么要你来Ill tell you why I asked you to come. 10.你可做任何你想做的事You may do whatever you want.11.我认为你错了I dont think that you are right.IV. 同位语从句1.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.2.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on
34、 Russia.3.医生做了很多努力来减少这个病人对于死与这个疾病的恐惧。The doctor did a lot to reduce the patients fear that he would die of the disease.4.我不知道他是否来。I have no idea whether hell come or not. 5.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。The question who should do the work requires consideration.6.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。We havent yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.7.我不知道他什么时候回来。I have no idea when he will come back.7.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题It is a question how he did it.8.车停下来的原因是路太滑了.The reason why the car was stopped was that the road was slippery.