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1、/* 同学个性化教学设计 年 级: 教 师: 科 目: 班 主 任: 日 期: 时 段: 课题 英语国际音标的学习与使用 教学目标掌握读音,区分并会使用英语国际音标来拼单词的读音重难点透视国际音标的读音标准与区分及使用考点单词中字母组合读音的区分知识点剖析序号 知识点 预估时间 掌握情况 1 20个元音的学习与练习 40min 2 28个辅音的学习与练习 30min 3 做相应的练习题 并进一步矫正读音 30min 4 回顾并总结本课 20min教学内容一 国际音标分为元音和辅音 1. 元音辅音的定义: (1) 气流迫使声带振动,从口腔向外流出时不受任何阻挡而形成的音为元音(2)声腔中的气流通
2、道受到不同程度的阻碍而形成的音为辅音。 2. 从音系学的角度,即从音节里音的功能来看,位于音节两边的音位为辅音,即节首和结尾,位于音节核心的音位为元音。(red, wet, lead) 3. 元音和辅音的比较(1)元音:1)气流在通道上不受任何阻挡,畅通无阻。 2)发音器官的各个部位保持均衡的紧张状态。 3)声带一定振动,即元音都是浊音。 4)呼出的气流较弱。 5)全是口腔音。 6)乐音响度大。 (2)辅音:1)气流在通道上受到某种程度的阻挡。 2)只有构成阻碍的那部分发音器官处于紧张状态。3)声带不一定振动,有浊音和清音之别。4)呼出的气流较强。5) 有口腔音和晕音之分。6)噪音,响度小。二
3、 20 个元音:单元音12个:/:/:/ :/ /i:/U:/ / /e/双元音8个:/e/a/ / /e/ / / /a/ 前元音4个:/i:/ / /e/ / 中元音3个:/ / :/ / 后元音5个:/:/ / /:/ / / u:/ 圆唇音4个:/ u: / / /:/ / 1) : 字母组合 ar acar farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm2) : 字母组合 al or au our arsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord
4、horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumnfour mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter 3)3: 字母组合ir ur ear er orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm word world 4) i: 字母组合:ee ea e ie
5、 ei (eo ey i)three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean pleasehe she me piece receive ceiling 5) u: 字母组合 oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose toothshoe do twotrue truth blue prude6) 发音字母 u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buscome mo
6、ther dose brother love above trouble rough flourishblood flood7) 发音字母 o a ouhot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash watch 8) 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoctor actor mayor author tractordelicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar t
7、ogether tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan chinamen listen famulus Saturday 9) 发音字母 i y e ui u asit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious 10) 字母组合 oo ou
8、u olook good foot book wood wool cook stood(短脚厨师站在木头和羊毛上看好书)should could put full bull pull pushwoman wolf 11) e 字母组合 ea e a (ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay)head bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yesmany any 12) 发音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back
9、 glad flag shall man 13) e 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plainthey grey 14) a 发音字母 i y bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye15) 字母组合oy oiboy toy joy oil soil voice choice 16) 字母组合 eer ear beer deer ear near here fierce id
10、ea17) e字母组合ear air erepear bear chair air fair there wherecare18) 字母组合our ower oor tour poor19) u (u )发音字母 o ow oa home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flowboat coat goal20) au 字母组合 ou ow house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouseflower down now cow how to
11、wn二 28 个辅音:/p/ / t/ / k/ /f/ / /s/ /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ / /z/ / / h/ /ts/ /t/ /tr/ / / r/ /dz/ /d/ /dr/ /m/ /n/ / / j/ / w/ / /1轻辅音/p/pen pad panda party put浊辅音/b/bed boat bird badminton bathroom2轻辅音/ t/tooth teach tear tea浊辅音/d/doll darkness dad duty doubt 3轻辅音/ k/kind keep sock duck check trick 浊辅音/g/g
12、irl gift glad bag jog bug 4轻辅音/f/five fight foot food lift four 浊辅音/v/very visit view five save 5轻辅音/three thirsty think thank mouth birthday浊辅音/this mother those with there 6轻辅音/s/six sing song sit soup 浊辅音/z/zoo zebra zero has his rose 7轻辅音/wash show she shop 浊辅音/television usually 8轻辅音/ts/lights
13、coats jackets 浊辅音/dz/birds friends beds 9轻辅音/t/chair children chicken China 浊辅音/d/jeep jump subject just jacket 10轻辅音/tr/tree train try treat 浊辅音/dr/drink drive dress draw 轻辅音/ h/high help hope who whose 浊辅音/ r/radio rabbit root rose write wrong 鼻音/m/moon mother make market marker/n/nose noon need n
14、ew plane orange /(ng) thing sing song swing ring going(n) think thank uncle English finger 半元音/ j/year yes yellow you young/ w/wolf wood winter week watch woman(wh) where when which what why 边音/ /light library late ladytable ball trouble little 三 辅音的发音区分及分类1. 爆破音(6个):/p/ /b/ / t/ /d/ / k/ /g/ 其中/p/
15、/b/ 为双唇音,/ t/ /d/ 为齿龈音,/ k/ /g/ 为软腭音。2. 鼻音(3个):/m/n/ /其中/m/ 为双唇音,/n/ 为齿龈音,/ 为软腭音。3. 摩擦音(9个):/f/ /v/ / / /s/ /z/ / / / h/ 其中/f/ /v/ 为唇齿音,/ / 为齿音,/s/ /z/ 为齿龈音,/ / 为腭龈音,/ h/ 为声门音。4. 半元音(3个):/ j/ w/ / r/ 其中/ w/ 为双唇音,/ r/ 为卷舌音,/ j/为硬腭音。5. 舌侧音(1个):/ / 同时/ /也属于齿龈音。6. 塞擦音(2个):/t/ /d/ 同时/t/ /d/ 也属于腭龈音。四一些辅音的
16、发音分类1. 双唇音:主要的发音器官是双唇。(/p/ /b/ /m/ / w/)2. 唇齿音: 下唇同上齿接触发出的音。 (/f/ /v/)3. 齿音; 舌尖与上齿接触所发出的音。 (/ /)4. 齿龈音:舌面或舌尖和舌面与上齿龈接触或靠近所发出的音。(/ t/ /d/ / / /n/ /s/ /z/)5. 卷舌音:舌尖朝后向着上齿龈与硬腭相连接的部分卷起所发出的音。/ r/ red6. 腭龈音:舌面或舌尖和舌面与上齿龈接触,同时舌前部朝硬腭方向抬起所发出的音/ / /t/ /d/7. 硬腭音; 舌前部靠近硬腭所发出的音。 如queue / k j U:/ 中的/ j/ 8. 软腭音:舌后与软
17、腭的接触所发出的音。(/ k/ /g/ /)9. 声门音:声带间对气流进行阻碍,或声带缩窄,气流通过时产生摩擦,但不震动所发出的音。/ h/五音位变体,即轻辅音在/s/ 音后面的浊化现象 school / skU: / speak / spi:k /六做练习运用以上发音规则阅读以下新旧单词:1、face same gate page race 2、 nice wife rise size hide3、home note hope joke rose阅读更多单词:/eI/ grade plate make grape plane table paper station radio babies
18、neighbour stay train wait they great /i:/ evening these Chinese me we he she week see meet sleep sweet teacher read piece field police kilo /aI/ tiger white write ride China like right bright find kind behind fly try why /u/ go so over open stove those home hold cold post most ghost know row window
19、yellow coat boat /ju:/ cute excuse unit student computer music Tuesday blue ruler June July fruit juice shoe whose 课堂 总结 课后作业 课堂反馈: 非常满意 满意 一般 差 学生签字: 校长签字:_ 家长签字: 日期: 个性化拓展练习姓 名:年 级:科 目:日 期:限 时:评 分:一仔细读单词,读并写出下列划线字母的发音。1、cake _ 2、face _ 3、game _ 4、lake _ 5、name _ 6、be _ 7、he _ 8、me _ 9、we _ 10、 the
20、se _ 11、bike _ 12、 fine _ 13、kite _ 14、 rice _ 15、 time _ 16、 go _ 17、home _ 18、 no _ 19、 nose _ 20、 so _ 21、 computer _ 22、cute _ 23、 music _ 24、 pupil _ 25、 use _ 二、读并归类划线字母的发音: grade he hello like make me music those use white/eI/_ /i:/_ /aI/_ /u/ _ /ju:/_三单词辨音 ( ) 1. A. black B. Japanese C. Satu
21、rday D. many( ) 2. A. food B. foot C. look D. book( ) 3. A. student B. excuse C. building D. duty( ) 4. A. ghost B. hello C. brother D. dont( ) 5. A. chair B. wear C. dear D. where( ) 6. A .today B. says C. away D. May( ) 7. A. forget B. world C. work D. homework( ) 8. A. orange B. thank C. uncle D.
22、 English( ) 9. A. with B. maths C. other D. brother( ) 10 .A. knows B. sings C. months D. runs四单词辨音( )1. A. paper B. hate C. wake D. back( )2. A. club B. dumpling C. busy D. much( )3. A. photo B. orange C. shop D. strong( )4. A. energy B. design C. menu D. present( )5. A. pink B. inside C. hill D. t
23、rick( )6. A. blouse B. ground C. enough D. shout( )7. A. pear B. year C. near D. hear( )8. A. players B. jeans C. kilos D. clips( )9. A. bowl B. snow C. down D. know( )10. A. boot B. food C. wool D. pool五单词辨音( ) 1. A. grade B. name C. glad D. make( ) 2. A. play B. says C.may D. way( ) 3. A. teacher
24、B. please C. tea D. head( ) 4. A. master B. class C. glass D. match( ) 5. A. know B. snow C. how D. slow( ) 6. A. blackboard B. coat C. boat D. those( ) 7. A. cute B. ruler C. music D. pupil( ) 8. A. fly B. my C. try D. happy( ) 9. A. great B. eat C. meat D. clean( ) 10. A. like B. nice C. bike D. w
25、ith六单词辨音: ( )1. A. after B.glasses C.badminton D.answer( )2. A.every B.then C.often D.weekend ( )3. A.walk B.always C.tall D.football ( )4. A.read B.really C.teach D.each ( )5. A.says B.plays C.stays D.say ( )6. A.walking B.bring C.thing D.English( )7.A.watch B.lunchtime C.match D.school( )8. A.hous
26、es B.cakes C.bikes D.grapes( )9. A.uncle B.orange C.dinner D.news( )10. A.watches B.closes C.uses D.goes七从A、B、C、D四个词的划线部分中找出一个发音不同的:(40分)( )1.A.plate B.table C.father D.grape( )2.A.love B.mother C.brother D.clock( )3.A.brother B.monkey C.love D.go( )4.A.bus B.computer C.music D.use( )5.A.eat B.read
27、C.sea D.head( )6.A.book B.school C.foot D.look( )7.A.move B.do C.go D.shoe( )8.A.flower B.down C.grow D.how( )9.A.think B.this C.thank D.thirty( )10.A.cool B.wool C.school D.room( )11.A.down B.how C.brown D.window( 12.A.orange B.clock C.bottle D.colour( )13.A.first B.bird C.term D.father ( )14.A.mot
28、her B.together C.mouth D.brother( )15.A.bee B.tree C.leg D.she( )16.A.music B.usually C.run D.juice( )26.A.now B.how C.know D.about( )17.A.eat B.please C.bread D.tea( )18.A.think B.this C.thank D.thirty( )19.A.what B.where C.which D.whose( )20.A. tooth B.mouth C.they D.thirty八下列每组单词的划线部分发音如果相同,请写“S”
29、,如果不同请写“D”。(20分)( )1. b i k e k i t e ( ) 2. c a k e b a g( )3. n o s e b o x ( ) 4. b e d e g g( ) 5. b l u e t w o ( ) 6.smooth mouth( ) 7. hour half ( ) 8. worse nose( ) 9. chicken Christmas ( ) 10.town borrow九. 写出划线部分字母的音标:(20)1. set/ / 2.much/ / 3.yellow/ / 4.whole/ /5. quite/ / 6.pinch/ / 7.pope/ / 8.part/ /9.gene/ / 10.pride/ /