上海科技大学攻读硕士学位研究生招生考试试题 2.docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结上海科技高校2021 年攻读硕士学位讨论生招生考试试题科目代码: 862科目名称:激光原理考生须知:1. 本试卷满分为 150 分,全部考试时间总计 180 分钟。2. 全部答案必需写在答题纸上,写在试题纸上或草稿纸上一律无效。3. 可以使用不带储存及编程功能的运算器。4. 本试卷的全部中文题目均已翻译为英文,英文翻译在后。考生可在中英文中 任选一种语言作答(专业词汇不限) 。同一题如使用中英文同时作答,不重复计分。一、填空题( 40 分)1.(2 分)激光的英文名称Laser 是一个缩写词, Laser 的英文全称是。2.(6 分)构建激光器所需要的三个基本元素包括 、。3.

2、(4 分) 无源谐振腔存在多种损耗,其中的四种损耗包括、 。4.(4 分)匀称加宽增益介质的线型为 线型,与其对应的两种物理机制为 、 。5.( 4 分)激光器的纵模是指 ,挑选单纵模的两种方式包括 、。6. (6 分)一单纵模激光器输出激光的谱线线宽为3.0 MHz ,就该激光的相干长度为m(米)。假设该激光器的波长为1.5 m,腔镜直径为1 mm ,就其输出激光的最小发散角为 rad (弧度)。在此发散角下, 激光功率为 1 W (瓦),就激光的亮度为W/cm 2.Sr.7. ( 4 分)假设某增益介质没有损耗,为使得增益介质变得透亮 (既不吸取光也不放大光) , 就其小信号增益系数为 /

3、cm 。将此增益介质放入谐振腔内形成激光器,谐振腔的平均损耗系数为 10 /cm ,为实现激光振荡,泵浦源所需供应的最小增益为 /cm 。8(. 2 分)假设增益介质存在两种加宽机制,其所导致的谱线加宽线宽分别为10 MHz 和 30 MHz。如两种加宽机制均为匀称加宽,就谱线的总线宽为 MHz。9.(4 分)假设一激光腔内激光的波长为1 m,其中高斯光束束腰的半径为1mm ,就高斯光束的共焦参数 f 为cm ,在束腰位置的 q 参数为。10.(4 分)一个 Nd:YAG 激光器的腔长为10 cm,其中增益介质长度为3 cm,增益曲线的半可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结高宽为

4、100 GHz。使用锁模技术产生激光脉冲,就激光脉冲的连续时间为 ps,脉冲之间的时间间隔为ns。二、简答题( 40 分)11. ( 15 分)描述匀称加宽激光器中的纵模模式竞争现象,并说明其存在多纵模振荡的缘由。12. ( 10 分)描述三能级激光系统和四能级激光系统的主要区分,说明四能级系统比三能级系统更简单产生激光的缘由,举例说明三能级激光器和四能级激光器有哪些?13.(15 分)说明什么是基模高斯光束,以及其在自由空间传输中有什么特点。三、运算及应用题( 70 分)14. ( 20 分)一个无源 Fabry-Perot(平 -平)谐振腔的长度为L=10 cm,腔镜的反射率分别为R1=1

5、00%, R2=90%,腔内平均损耗系数i=5/cm ,腔内折射率 nr=3.0。(1)( 10 分)如腔内光子频率为=100 THz,运算光腔的品质因子Q 值。(2)( 10 分)运算光腔纵模的波长以及模式的频率间隔。15. ( 20 分)一个 Fabry-Perot 谐振腔的长度为 L,两个腔镜的反射率分别为R1 和 R2,在谐振腔中心位置插入一个焦距为f 的薄透镜。(1)( 10 分)运算光束在谐振腔中单程传输的ABCD矩阵。(2)( 10 分)谐振腔中传输的为基模高斯光束,分别运算光束在腔镜和透镜位置处的光斑尺寸。16. ( 30 分)典型的四能级激光系统如图1 所示,其中 Wp 为泵

6、浦速率, S32 和 S1g 为无辐射跃迁速率, W21 为受激辐射速率, W12 为受激吸取速率(W12=W21), sp 为自发辐射寿命。基 态的粒子密度为 Ng,光子在腔内的寿命为 p,光子在介质中的速度为vg,光子能量为 h0。图 1. 四能级激光系统(1)( 15 分)分别写出四个能级的粒子密度N3, N2 , N1 和光子数密度 S 的速率方程。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结(2)( 15 分)给出介质受激辐射速率W 21 与受激发射截面和光子数密度 S 之间的关系。由于自发辐射,介质的增益曲线发生加宽,给出增益曲线的半高宽。增益曲线峰值位于频率 0,其小信号增益

7、为g00,增益饱和光强为Is0,在频率为 1 的位置入射光强为I1。利用以上参数求解介质在1 处的饱和增益。一、 Blanks Filling( 40 分)1. (2 points ) The word Laser is an acronym for.2. (6 points ) The three basic elements for constructing a laser are、 .3. (4 points ) There are several loss mechanisms for a passive resonator, including、 、and.4.(4 points )

8、The lineshape function of a homogeneous broadening gain medium is, and the corresponding two physical mechanisms areand.5. (4 points ) In a laser, the longitudinal modes indicate. In order to select a single longitudinal mode, two methods areand.6. (6 points ) If the spectral linewidth of a single l

9、ongitudinal mode laser is 3.0 MHz, the coherent length of this laser is m. If the lasing wavelength of this laser is 1.5m, and the diameter of the cavity mirror is 1 mm, then the minimum beam divergence angle is rad. Atthis diffractive angle, if the laser power is 1W, the brightness of the laser isW

10、/cm2.Sr. 7.( 4 points )Assuming the gain medium is lossless, in order to obtain a transparent gain medium neither absorbing light nor amplifyinglight, the small signal gain coefficientis/cm;When inserting the medium into a resonator to form a laser, assuming the loss coefficient of the resonator is

11、10/cm,to realize the laser oscillation, the minimumgain of the pump should be /cm.8. (2 points ) Assuming there are two broadening mechanisms in a gain medium, the induced broadening linewidth are 10MHz and 30MHz, respectively. If both are homogeneous broadening,the total linewidth isMHz.9. ( 4 poin

12、ts )Assuming the lasing wavelength is 1 m, and the beam waist of a Gaussian beam is 1mm, then the confocal parameter f iscm, the q parameterat the beam waist is .可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结10. ( 4 points ) A Nd:YAG laser has a 10 cm long cavity, 3 cm long gain medium and 100GHz full width at half maxim

13、um FWHM. If the mode locking is used to generate laser pulses, then the pulse duration isps, and the pulse interval isns.二、 Short-answer Questions (40 points )11. ( 15 points ) Please describethelongitudinalmodescompetitionphenomenonin a homogeneous broadening laser, and explain the physical mechani

14、sm for multi-longitudinal mode oscillations.12. ( 10 points ) Please describe the differencebetweena three-levellaser system and a four-level laser system; explain why the four-level system has lower threshold pumping rate thanthe three-level system; list some examples of a three-level system based

15、laser and a four-level system based laser.13. (15 points ) Please explain whatis thefundamentalGaussian modeand describe itstransmission properties in free space.三、 Calculations( 70 points )14. ( 20 points )The length of a passive Fabry-Perot resonator is L=10 cm, the reflectivity of the two mirrors

16、 are R1=100% and R2=90% respectively, the average loss coefficient of thecavity is i=5/cm, and the refractive index of the cavity is nr=3.0.(1) ( 10 points ) If the laser frequency is =100 THz, please calculate the quality factor Q of thecavity.(2) ( 10 points ) Please calculate the wavelengths of t

17、he longitudinal modes and the frequency interval of the modes.15. ( 20 points )The length of a Fabry-Perot resonator is L, the reflectivity of the two mirrors are R1 and R2, respectively. One lens with a focus length f is inserted at the center of the cavity.(1) ( 10 points ) Please calculate the AB

18、CD transfer matrix for a single trip light travel.(2) ( 10 points )Considering a fundamental Gaussian mode inside the cavity, please calculate the beam size at the cavity mirror and at the lens, respectively.16. ( 30 points ) The typical four-lever laser system is shown in the Figure 1, where Wp is

19、the pumping rate, S32 and S1g are the nonradiativetransitionrates, W21 is the stimulatedtransitionrate, W12 is the stimulatedemission rate W 12=W21, sp is the spontaneous emission lifetime.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Assume the population in the ground level is Ng and the lifetime of photo isp, the spee

20、d of light inside the medium is v g, and the photo energy is h 0.Fig. 1. Schematic of a four-level laser system.(1) ( 15 points ) Please write the rate equations for the population N 3, N2, N 1 of the four levels, and for the photo density S, respectively.(2) ( 15 points ) Please give the expression

21、 of the stimulated emission rate W 21, as a function of the stimulated emission cross section and the photo density S. Due to the spontaneous emission, the gain spectrum will be broadened, please write the full width of half maximum linewidth of the gain spectrum. The peak of the gain spectrum locates at frequency 0, and itssmall signal gain is g00, the gain saturated intensity is I s0. If the incident light intensity at frequency1 is I1, please calculate the saturated gain at 1.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载

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