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1、高考英语 3-2-1【考点定位】 考纲解读和近几年考点分布冠词是历年高考的必考知识点,主要出现在单项选择中. 虽说只有两类,共三个但从整套试题来看,在短文改错、书面表达、阅读理解等题型中对冠词的隐性考查可谓无处不在。在日常交际中,几乎每说一句话、每写一篇日记、每读一篇文章都会涉及到冠词的运用。因而不管高考的考查形如何变化,冠词仍应是高考复习的重点知识。纵观历年高考试题,我觉得冠词考点主要集中在以下内容: 1. 考查不定冠词a/an表示个别或泛指的用法2. 考查定冠词the特指某一个人或事物的用法3. 考查不定冠词和定冠词在固定搭配中的用法4. 考查零冠词即省略冠词)表示泛指及其习惯搭配用法5.
2、 考查冠词在表示类别名词前的用法6. 考查不定冠词在具体化抽象名词前的用法7. 考查冠词在比拟级前的用法8. 考查冠词在其他特殊结构中的用法4用于表示次数、速度、价格等意义的名词前,表示“每一He goes home to see his parents once a month他每月回家一次去看父母。He can galn five yuan an hour in the shop他在这家商店每小时挣五元钱。5表示三餐的名词前有形容词修饰时,用不定冠词I only want a small supper because of cold由于感冒晚饭我只想吃一点东西。People usually
3、 have quite a good dinner on festivals人们在过节时通常会吃一顿相当丰富的大餐。6有时在序数词前加不定冠词,表示“再又She invited him to come to the party a second time她再次邀请他来参加聚会。Then a third boy came to join US接着又一个孩子加人了我们。10用于短语搭配中(1)“have/take+a(n)+与动词同形的名词,表示动作的一次。如:have/take a rest休息一会儿have/take a look看一下have/take a bath洗个澡(2)“go out
4、 for a(n)+名词,表示从事某项活动。如:go out for a picnic去野餐(3)用于习惯搭配中。如:come to an end结束;drop sb a line给某人写信;at a disadvantage处于不利地位;in a way从一方面说;in a word总之;in a sense就某种意义来说;with a view to为了,鉴于。考点2:定冠词的用法1特指某(些)人或某(些)事物,这是定冠词的根本用法The books on the desk were published last month桌子上的那些书是上个月出版的。The factory I ment
5、ioned has installed a new assembly line我提到的那家工厂已经安装了一条新的装配线。We were all lost in the beauty of nature我们都被大自然的美所陶醉。2再次提到前面已出现的人或事物,表示特指He told us a story,but 1 was not interested in the story他给我们讲了一个故事,但我对这个故事不感兴趣。3指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。We went to the station to see the manager off我们去车站为经理送行。4用在某些可数名词单数前,用来指事
6、物的整体(总称)以将其与其他事物区别开来The telephone was invented by Bell 是贝尔创造的。The elephant is much stronger than the horse象比马强壮得多。5用在表示某国人的名词前the Chinese中国人;the French法国人;the English英国人;the Spanish西班牙人;the Japanese日本人。8在形容词最高级及形容词only(唯一的),very(正是那个),sanle(同样的)等前加定冠词theThis is the most interesting film I have ever
7、seen这是我看过的最有趣的电影。He must be the only student who has ever been to the city in our class他一定是我们班唯一去过那座城市的学生。Thats the very thing Ive been looking for那正是我要找的东西。9在表示一些独一无二的东西的名词前要用定冠词thethe earth地球;the moon月亮;the sun太阳;the sky天空;the universe宇宙;the world世界;the air空中;the ground地面。It is the east,and Juhet
8、is the sun那是,而朱丽叶就是太阳。13用在逢“十”的数词前,指世纪的某个年代in the 1980s/1980s在20世纪80年代。14乐器名称前用定冠词theShe plays the piano best in her class她钢琴在班上弹得最好。15在姓氏的复数形式前加定冠词the表示“一家the Browns布朗一家;the Lis姓李的一家。16用在“动词+sb+介词+the+表身体部位的名词这一固定结构中hit sb in the face打某人的脸;take sb by the arm/hand抓住某人的胳膊/手;pat sb on the shoulder拍某人的
9、肩;hit sb on the head打某人的头。特别提示在该结构中,不能用物主代词替代定冠词,常用于该结构的动词有pat,strike,beat,hit,catch,put,take等。17在短语搭配中in the end最后;come to the point谈到正题;on the contrary相反;in the morning在早晨;in the distance在远处;in the water在水中;on:the subject of关于的主题;on the air在播送。考点3 不用冠词的情况1可数名词复数表示泛指时,以及抽象名词和物质名词表示一Where theres smo
10、ke,theres fire谚无风不起浪。Many hands make light work谚人多好做事。3在学科、语言、称呼语、大局部疾病名称或表头衔的名词前,不用冠词I think physics is more interesting than maths我认为物理比数学有趣。Whats the matter,Granny?奶奶,出什么事了吗?Cancer is a terrible disease癌症是一种可怕的疾病。4在turn(作“变成解)后作表语的名词前,不用冠词He has turned doctor他已是名医生了。5在as,though引导的倒装分句中,名词前不用冠词Chi
11、ld as/though Tom is,you cant fool him虽然汤姆是个孩子,但你不能欺骗他。6在专有名词(洲名、人名、城市名、街道名、港口名、航空站名、火车站名、公园名、机关名及院校名)之前,一般不用冠词Asia亚洲;Mary玛丽;Shanghai;Wau Street华尔街;Pearl Harbor珍珠港;Beihai Park 公园;Beijing University大学。7在一些固定短语中,名词前不用冠词at night在夜里;at home在家;day after day 日复一日;bytelephone打 ;in danger在危险中;on purpose成心地。
12、典例:(卷)2. The development of industry has been _ gradual process throughout _human existence from stone tools to modern technology. A. / ; the B. the ; a C. a ; / D. a; a 【答案】C【解析】考查冠词。第一空process是可数名词,第一次出现一般用不定冠词,且此次表示“一个的概念;第二空existence是不可数名词,其此处表示抽象概念,故用零冠词。句意:从石器时代到现代技术时代的人类历史长河中,工业的开展是一个循序渐进的过程。
13、特别提示当地点名词表示地点时,其前用定冠词;表示在这一地点所发生的活动时,其前不加冠词。如:He went to the bed and fetched me a magazine before he went to bed,他睡觉前到床边给我拿了本杂志。高考冠词考查冠词1.Animals are obviously _ lower form of life than _ man. ()A. a ; / B. the ; theC. a ; theD. / ; / 答案A解析;本句的意思是“动物和人类相比显然是一种低级的生命形式。第一空填不定冠词,表示一种,第二空man表人类不加冠词。2.Fo
14、ur and half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar. 新课标IIA. a; a B. the; the C.不填;the D. a;不填答案A解析:four and a half hours 四个半小时,have a break 休息一会儿。3.India attained _ independence in 1947, after _ long struggle.A. 不填; a B. the; a C. an; 不填 D. an;
15、 the 新课标I答案A解析:independence抽象名词前不加冠词,a long struggle很长一段时间的斗争4. The parents were shocked by news that their son needed operation on his knee. A. a;/ B. the; / C. the; an D. a; an答案C解析:第一空news 受后面定语从句的限制,应该定指,第二空的意思是“需要做一次手术 5. It was _ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across _ nig
16、ht sky. A. 不填;a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; 不填答案:B解析:第一个空a cold winter night “一个寒冷的冬夜,第二个空the night sky,shy前加the.6.Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.大纲全国A.不填;a B. a; the C. the; 不填 D. the; a答案C解析:the finished painting 被完成的画,定指。With satisfaction为固定短语“满意地高考冠词考查1.课标卷Sara looked at _fi
17、nished painting with_ satisfaction. A.不填;a B.a; the C.the; 不填 D.the; a【答案】C【解析】考查冠词。第一空特指,特指已经画完的画。第二空为固定短语with satisfaction(满意地),不加冠词。2.(大纲卷) 7.He missed _gold in the high jump , but will get _second chance in the long jump. A. the ; the B. 不填;a C. the ;a D. a ; 不填 【答案】C 【解析】考查冠词。第一空特指“跳高的金牌。第二空泛指又
18、有了一次时机。句意:他在跳高中与金牌失之交臂。但他在跳远中还有时机。a second表示“还有,再有的意思。而the second表示的是“第二次的意思。3.(卷) 24.Sam has been appointed _ manager of the engineering department to take _ place of George. A. /,/ B. the,/ C the, the D./, the【答案】D【解析】考查冠词。表示官衔职务的名词作补语和同位语时,前不加冠词。在题干中,“manager表示职务,作主语补足语,不需要加冠词,而第二个空白处为固定短语“take t
19、he place of,是“代替,取代之意。句意:山姆被任命为工程部经理取代了乔治。5. (卷)The Smiths dont usually stay at hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by _ sea.A/; aBthe; theC/; theDthe; a【答案】C 【解析】考察冠词。hotel为复数,前不会用定冠词the来修饰;江,河,湖,海前要加定冠词6. (卷)21. I woke up with bad headache, yet by evening the pain ha
20、d gone. A. the; the B. the; an C. a; the D. a; an【答案】C【解析】考查冠词。第一空表示泛指;第二空为固定用法,用定冠词the,应选C项。句意:我醒来时发现我头疼,直到晚上疼痛才消失。8. (卷)18. We are said to be living in _ Information Age, _ time of new discoveries and great changes.A. an; the B. 不填; the C. 不填; a D. the; a 【答案】D【解析】考查冠词。第一空Information Age前加定冠词the为固
21、定说法;第二空根据句意“据说我们正生活在信息时代,一个充满新发现和巨大变化的时代。用不定冠词。故答案选D。9. (卷)2. The development of industry has been _ gradual process throughout _human existence from stone tools to modern technology. A. / ; the B. the ; a C. a ; / D. a; a 【答案】C【解析】考查冠词。第一空process是可数名词,第一次出现一般用不定冠词,且此次表示“一个的概念;第二空existence是不可数名词,其此处
22、表示抽象概念,故用零冠词。句意:从石器时代到现代技术时代的人类历史长河中,工业的开展是一个循序渐进的过程。2.(全国卷II,16) As he reached front door, Jack saw strange sight.A. the;不填 B. a; the C.不填a D. the; a【答案】D【解析】考查冠词在具体语境中的用法。句意为“当Jack走到前门时,看到了一个奇怪的景象。the front door是特指Jack所走过去的门,a strange sight是泛指,相当于a certain sight,起初次介绍的作用。因此选D。5.(卷,18Dr.Peter Spenc
23、e, headmaster of the school, told us, “ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.A. 不填;A B.不填;The C.the; The D.a; A【答案】A【解析】考查冠词的用法。句意为“校长Peter Spence告诉我们说,我校的五分之一学生将到牛津大学和剑桥大学去学习。headmaster校长,职务前面不加冠词;a fifth表示五分之一。因此选A。6.(卷,26 In communication, a smile is usually _ strong sign o
24、f a friendly and _ open attitude.A. the, / B. a, an C. a, / D. the, an 【答案】C【解析】考查冠词的用法。句意为“在相互交流中,微笑通常是一种友好和开放的态度的明显特征。a 用在可数名词sign前,泛指一类事物;friendly and open 是并列,修饰attitude。因此选C。高考试题1.高考英语卷,21The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that_ people from all walks of life are working hard fo
25、r_ new Jiangsu.A.不填; a B. 不填;the C. the; a D. the; the 【答案】A【解析】此题考察冠词的用法。第一空,来自社会各阶层的人. 是不特指,不用冠词. 第二空, 在Jiangsu 前有形容词new 因此,应加冠词a.表示一个全新的。4.高考英语卷,2In most countries, a university degree can give you flying start in life. A. the; a B. the; 不填 C.不填; 不填 D.不填; a【答案】D【解析】考查冠词。 most countries此处表泛指,most前
26、不加定冠词the.第二个空处应为“一个高起点的开始,故用a ,正确答案为D。5.高考英语卷,22If we sit near _ front of the bus, well have _ better view. A. 不填;the B. 不填;a C. the; a D. the;the7.高考英语卷,21Its good feeling for people to admire the shanghai world expo that gives them Pleasure.A.不填,a B. a,不填 C. the , a D. a, the 【答案】 B【解析】考查介词。句意为:“去
27、欣赏世博会带给人们的快乐,这是一个非常好的感觉。feeling作为感觉讲为可数名词。pleasure作为快乐,欢乐讲为不可数名词。因此选B项。1.(高三模拟考试)Nowadays certain limit should be set on _use of cars to reduce air pollution.A. /; the B. a; theC. the; / D. the; the答案:B解析:第一个空填a,a certain limit 某项限制,certain前常用不定冠词表示“某一.,第二空天定冠词定指汽车的使用。所以答案为B。2.市高三一摸考试The story of Li
28、 Tianyi, the son of _ famous military singer, driving a BMW without a license and attacking a couple on the road has drawn the attention of _ public.A. the; the B. /; the C. a; an D. a; the答案C 解析:第一空填不定冠词表示一位著名的歌唱家,第二空填定冠词,the public指公众、群众。3.实验模拟考试题Many students play video games as _escape from the
29、pressure of studyA、the;an B、the;the C、/;the D、/;an答案D解析:第一空不填冠词,名词复数表示类别。第二空填不定冠词,意思是“一种解脱。4.汾阳市一中高三模拟考试Eggs are sometimes sold by _ dozen and apples are usually sold by _ weight. A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. the; a答案B解析:by the dozen意思是:按达儿,by weight,意思是:按重量。两者都是固定表达法。5. 市高三第六次检测训练 Havent you
30、heard the news?What news?Some of the workers are on _ march while others are on _ strike. A. /; theB. the; /C. /; / D. the; the答案B解析;on the march的意思是:进行中,行军中。在本句的意思是在游行。on strike的意思是:在罢工。6.(市高三第三次诊断性考试)As we all know ,_Siberian tiger is _endangered species.A. /; an B. the; the C. a; / D. the; an答案D解
31、析:第一空是定冠词加可数名词单数表示类别,第二空加不定冠词意思是“一个濒危物种7.(市高三二模考试)I cant remember when turning pointoccurred exactly, but it might be summer morning when I was in New York.A不填;aBa; aCthe; aDa; the答案C解析:the turning point 定指所发生的那次转折,第二空填不定冠词表示“一个夏天的上午.8.(市高三考前练兵)Hi, Tom_ lecturer is an AmericanHe will teach us _ worl
32、d history next termAThe;/ BThe; the CA;/ DA; the答案A解析:第一空指双方都熟知的那位文学家,第二空不加冠词,world history 世界史,指学科,抽象名词。名校模拟2、市西城区高三上学期期末考试英语My frieds birthday is coming soon. I would like to go to _ store, or some place close by to buy him _ present.Athe; theBa; theC/; aDthe; a4、(第一学期检测) videojug. com, which has
33、_ food and drink programme with clear explanations, is _ very popular website. Aa; the Bthe; 不填Ca; aD不填;a【答案】C 【解析】考查冠词的用法。语意: videojug. com 是一个很受欢送的网站,它里面有一个配有清晰讲解的饮食节目。根据语意可知,此题中的两空处都表示泛指,因此都用不定冠词。7.省、三市二模This is just _ challenging job all the students want to get. Do you have anyone in _ mind for
34、 it? A. a; theB. the; 不填C. the; theD. a; 不填【答案】B【解析】考查冠词用法。第一空特指所有的学生都想得到的这个有挑战性的工作,故用the;第二空是固定短语have in mind,意为“把牢记在心,故B项正确。8.省市二模What disappointed _ Chinese most is that the national football team was kicked out of the Asian Cup_ second time, with four points from three matches. A. the; aB. /; aC
35、. the; the D. /; the【答案】A【解析】考查冠词用法。第一空特指“中国人,故用定冠词the;第二空表示“又一次,再一次,应用不定冠词a。而the second time仅仅表示“第二次,不符合题意。故A项正确。10.东北三省四市高三教学质量监测二Cooking calls for patience and time but it is enjoyable experience. A. a; theB.不填; an C. the; an D. a; 不填【答案】B【解析】考查冠词的用法。句意为:烹饪需要耐心和时间,但是这将是一件非常有乐趣的经历。第一空后的patience和ti
36、me均为不可数名词,其前无需冠词;第二空表示泛指“烹饪是一件有趣的经历,用不定冠词an,故B项正确。13.海淀二模How about _ party?Cool! It was really _ great fun! Pity you werent thereAa; a Bthe; a Cthe; 不填 Da; 不填【答案】C【解析】考查冠词用法。由语境可知,第一空特指对话双方都知道的party,故用定冠词the; fun是不可数名词,故C项正确。14.市高中毕业班第二次质量预测The Mid-autumn Festival is _special holiday for most Chines
37、e when _whole family will get together.A. the;the B. a;the C. a;a D. the;a【答案】B【解析】考查冠词。第一空处表示“一个特殊的节日,填a表示泛指;第二空填the,the whole family指“全家人。17.省市第二次教学质量检测It was very rare find and the archaeologist who made discovery said it was like unearthing a Mona Lisa.A.a;the B.the; the C.the; a D.a; a【答案】A【解析】
38、考查冠词。第一空指“一个非常罕见的发现,用不定冠词a,第二空“who made discovery是定语从句,先行词为archaeologist,此处的discovery指的就是前面的find,应用定冠词the。应选A项。20.省八校高三联考The most important thing about cotton in history is _part that it played in _Industrial Revolution. A. /,/ B. the,/ C. the , the D. a ,the【答案】C【解析】考查冠词用法。“the Industrial Revolutio
39、n是专有名词,要用定冠词;又特指“cotton所起的作用,也要用定冠词。应选C项。【一年原创】 原创试题及其解析1、To tell truth, his coming is really big surprise to most people present at the party.A. / ; a B. the ; / C. the ; a D. / ; /【答案】C 【解析】该题考查冠词。第一空处是固定短语,to tell the truth意为“说实话;第二空后的surprise是可数名词,意为“意想不到的事,令人惊讶的事,故前面用不定冠词。4、I think people must
40、have found it quite delight when colour TV was first broadcast in 1920s.A不填; the Ba; 不填 Ca; the D不填; 不填【答案】C 【解析】考查冠词的用法。第一空处考查抽象名词具体化时其前冠词的用法,此处a delight表示具体的概念,意为“快乐的人(事);第二空处考查的是固定用法,表示“几十年代用in the 1920s。所以这里选C项。7、Reading is_good habit.Stick to it,and youll make _great progress.Aa;/Ba;aCthe;a D/;
41、a【答案】A【解析】考查冠词。第一个空选a表示“一种或一员;progress是不可数名词,故前面不加冠词。8、Most people prefer to travel by_train,because you can have a comfortable journey,but make sure you get_fast one.Athe;a Ba;the C不填;the D不填;a【答案】D【解析】考查冠词。by train乘火车,“by交通工具表示乘坐某种交通工具出行,不用冠词。第二空用a表示泛指,乘坐一列快车。【考点预测】 高考预测高考试题中对冠词用法的考查年年都有,主要以考查冠词在具
42、体语境中的正确使用为主。预测今后考点分布在对不定冠词的考查;定冠词的考查;不用冠词的情况以及一些固定词组中冠词的正确使用。建议在复习时:1掌握冠词的根本用法;2掌握冠词的习惯用法;3在解答试题时,要从翻译的角度去做,如果能够准确地翻译出句子的意思,就能够解答此题。复习建议1. 根据知识网络将冠词的根本用法记牢,这是你做好试题的前提。2. 熟悉一些名词的用法,和冠词结合。有很多不可数名词,有时候被具体化的情况,也是考查的重点。 3. 多做练习,能够提高熟悉语境的能力,很多考题是要和语境相联系起来考查的,这方面一定要重视。【母题特供】每个专题5道最典型试题母题一、 考查不定冠词a / an表示个别或泛指的用法 What do you think of the grammar book?Oh,it really is useful reference book,which is worth r