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1、毕业设计化工类论文(塔设计) 摘要 本篇论文是分馏塔的常规设计。塔设备在当今石油化工企业中成为重要装置之一。设计将从以下几个方面进行论述:说明部分,设计计算部分,原理及XX塔体焊接工艺设计和外文翻译部分。说明部分是确定钢材的选取,有关零件的结构尺寸和有关制造检验方法;而对XX塔体的焊接结构的设计,工艺,焊接方法及焊后处理为说明重点。 本设计过程均严格遵守GB150-2022压力容器和JB4710-2022钢制塔式容器进行,对该塔进行了强度、刚度、稳定性的校核。 此外,根据世纪的要求,还相应的完成了原部件图、总装图及外文翻译。 今后,随着科学技术的飞速发展,塔设备在石油化工企业中占有越来越重要的
2、地位。同时,将对塔设备有更高的要求,在设计方面要求更加合理,结构简单,使用方便。所以,在未来,压力容器技术将会取得更大的进步以适应石油化工生产的需要。 关键词:常规设计,校核,安全 Abstract This paper is the conventional design of fractionating tower. Tower equipment become one of the important devices in todays petrochemical enterprises. Design will be carried out on the following areas
3、: Description of the calculation part and the part of theory and foreign language translation. That part is to determine the selection of steel, the size and structure of parts of the manufacturing test; on the head, cylinder, to strengthen the circle, wind load, earthquake load, natural cycles, suc
4、h as group Block is a key part of the calculation. The design process are strictly adhered to GB150-199Steel Pressure Vesselsand JB4710-2022 steel tower vesselin the tower of strength, stiffness, stability of calibration. Furthermore, in accordance with the requirements of the century, but also the
5、completion of the corresponding parts of the original map, assembly plans and foreign language translation. In the future, as the rapid development of science and technology, tower equipment, petro-chemical enterprises in the increasingly important position occupied. At the same time,the tower equip
6、ment will have greater demands, in terms of design requirements are more reasonable, simple structure and easy to use. Therefore, in the future, pressure vessel technology will achieve greater progress in order to adapt to the needs of petrochemical production. II Key words:Conventional Design,Check
7、ing,Safe III 目录 1.说明部分 (1) 1.1塔设备在化工生产中的作用和地位 (1) 1.2设计概述 (3) 1.3对塔设备的要求 (4) 1.4塔设备的构造 (5) 1.5塔设备的发展及现状 (7) 1.6板式塔的分类 (14) 1.7板式塔的常用塔型及其选用 (17) 1.7.1泡罩塔 (17) 1.7.2筛板塔 (19) 1.7.3浮阀塔 (20) 1.7.4形塔及浮动舌形塔 (21) 1.7.5穿流式栅板塔 (22) 1.7.6其他类型塔盘 (23) 1.8塔型选择一般原则 (24) 1.8.1与物性有关的因素 (24) 1.8.2与操作条件有关的因素 (24) 1.8.
8、3其他因素 (25) 1.9板式塔的强化 (26) i 1.10选材 (27) 2.设计计算部分 (29) 2.1设计条件 (29) 2.2塔设备材料的选取 (29) 2.3圆筒、封头、裙座厚度计算 (30) 2.4塔设备的质量计算 (31) 2.5塔的自振周期 (34) 2.6载荷分析 (34) 2.6.1地震载荷计算 (34) 2.6.2风载荷计算 (39) 2.6.3最大弯矩 (42) 2.7应力校核 (43) 2.7.1圆筒应力校核 (43) 2.7.2群座壳轴向应力的校核 (44) 2.7.3液压试验时的应力校核(校核-截面) (46) 2.8基础环厚度计算 (47) 2.9地脚螺栓计算 (48) 2.10筋板 (48) 2.11盖板 (49) 2.12裙座与塔壳连接焊缝验算 (50) ii