雅思大作文作品写作必备词组.doc

-! • 前进类词组（论证好处） • 1. benefit／profit from 从…..当中获益 • 2. invest in 对…….投资（钱／时间） • 3. promote the development of 促进……..的发展 • 4. It is obvious/evident/apparent that 显而易见 • 5. play a key/vital／crucial role in 在…..中起关键作用 • 6. enrich one’s experience 丰富…..的生活 • 7. keep society safe and stable 保持社会稳定 • 8. relax their bodies and ease their minds 让人放松身心 • 9. have duty to do 有责任去做 • 10. afford/provide people entertainment and pleasure 给人们提供娱乐 • 11.create employment opportunities 创造就业机会 • 12. less time-consuming and more economical 让人省钱省时间 • 13. broaden one’s horizons 开阔人的眼界 • 14.fulfill one’s potential 发挥人的潜能 • 15. remove the barrier for 为….. 消除障碍 • 16.promote the cultural communication and interaction between…..and …..促进文化交流 • 17.curb the proliferation of 控制…..的扩散 • 18. raise people’s awareness(consciousness) of 提高人们的意识 • 19. has the inherent advantage of 有……的内在优势 • 20. A is an indispensable part of B A是 b 不可或缺的一部分 • 21. enable sb to do sth 让某人可以去做….. • 22. someone can utilize sth 可以使用xxx • 23. sth is in the best interest of someone 做某事符合….的利益 • 24.contribute to 导致／推动 • 25.draw on 借鉴 • 26. get a clear perspective of 对……有更清晰的认识 • 倒退类（论证disadvantage) • 1.live a stressful life 生活压力大 • 2. lead to crimes 导致犯罪 • 3.the competition is stiff竞争激烈 • 4. avoid 避免 • 5.suffer from 遭受 • 6. stem from 源于 • 7. is a threat to 对…… 构成威胁 • 8. have detrimental influence upon 对……有坏的影响 • 9. be monotonous and unmotivating 单调而且无法给人动力的 • 10.cope with/deal with 解决 • 11. spin out of control 失去控制 • 12. create tension and conflicts between 在xx和xx之间产生紧张和冲突 • 13. be overly dependent on 对某事过于依赖 • 14. stifle creativity 扼杀创造力 • 15.the population is booming 人口在激增 • 16.is attended by 某种好的现象伴随某种坏的现象 • 17.the more……the more有越多的…..就会有越多的…… • 18. a can be attribute to B 可以归因于B • 19.deprive someone of sth 剥夺某人的 • 20. sth impels sb to do 促使某人去…. • 21. A has rendered B+ adj/n A 让B变成 • 22. be addicted to sth 对xx上瘾 • 23. sth is the root cause of 某事是XXX的根源 • 24. be confronted with sth 面对….（主动encounter） • 25. pose threat to 对xxx构成威胁 • 26. be inundated with sth 充满xxx • 27. sth is unwarranted 某事做法是很不合理的 • 28. at the high expense of 以 xxx 为代价 • 29. run contrary to 与xxx背道而驰 • 30. diminish individual’s leisure time 减少人们的休闲时间 • 31. this trend is not only restricted to , but also evident in • 32. tend to 多半／倾向于 • 33. give priority to 把xx放在优先位置 prioritize • 34.be likely to be vulnerable to 容易成为xx的受害者 • 35. it is imperative/crucial/key/essential that 至关重要 • 36.distinguish between A and B 区分A和B • 各类话题 • 教育 • 科技 • 媒体 • 政府 • 发展 • 文化 • 环境 • 犯罪 • 全球 • 大作文全话题必备短语 • 技能短语类（学生、儿童、员工的技能） • 1.develop／improve／build/boost/sharpen their skills 发展他们的技能 • Problem-solving skills and teamwork skill 解决问题和团队合作的能力 • 2.gain practical experience 获得实践经验 • 3. develop good learning（eating/spending/driving) habit 形成良好的习惯 • 4.increase their independence （活动经历）增强他们的独立性 • 5. work closely/tightly with their classmates/ colleagues 和同学同事密切合作 • 6.prepare them for employment 让其为就业做好准备 • Vocational training 职业培训 • Career advice 职业规划 • 7.upgrade their skills／knowledge 升级其技能／知识 • 8.reach/achieve／fulfill their potential 充分发挥他们的潜能 • 9.increase/boost working efficiency（productivity） 提高工作效率／产量 • 10.reduce distraction 减少干扰 • Concentrate on 专注于 • 11.make full use of their time 充分利用时间 • Is a waste of time 浪费时间 • 12. academic performance 学习表现 grade • 13.Increase their motivation 提升兴趣 • Make them frustrated /unmotivated/lack motivation 有挫折感／缺乏动力 • 14. make our lives more convenient and comfortable 让生活变得更便捷舒适 • High-tech equipment/device 高科技设备 gadget • Labor-saving/consuming device 省力费力设备 • Keep in touch with family and friend 与亲友保持联系 • Scientific research／survey 科学研究／调研 • 15. make/enable the country more competitive 让国家更具有竞争力 • 权利类短语 • 1.give／reduce them more freedom 给／减少他们更多的自由 • 2.increase/widen/vary their choices 丰富选择 • Provide them with a wide selection of products 提供大量选择（NCE) • 3. can have more flexible schedules(timetable)有更加灵活的时间安排 • Online-learning 远程教育／在线教育 • Can study at their own pace 照自己的进度来学 • traditional/psychically classroom 传统教室 • can have face-to face discussion/ interaction/communication 可以进行面对面的交流 • develop good learning habit 形成良好的学习习惯 • School is a society in miniature. 学校是社会的缩影 • form close relationships with their classmates 与同学形成亲密的关系 • Telecommuting 远程办公(SOHO) • Can achieve a work-life balance 能够在生活工作间实现平衡 • Spend more time with their family 更多地和家人在一起 • Save money on transport costs 节省交通费 • Help to reduce traffic jams/congestion 有助于缓解交通堵塞 • 4. have a job security 拥有工作的稳定性 • 5. employee benefits 员工福利 • Paid holiday 带薪休假 Health insurance / 医保 • 6. promote gender equality 促进男女平等 • Gender bias 性别偏见 • Have the equal opportunities for employment and promotion 享有 平等的就业和升职机会 • 7.violate their privacy 侵犯他们的隐私 • 责任类（家庭／学生／学校／政府／媒体） • 1.teach their children good behavior 交给孩子良好的行为习惯 • 2. parenting/schooling 家庭教育／学校教育 • 3.give them advice and support 给予他们建议和支持 • Respect their feeling/individuality 尊重他们的感受与个性 • help them to achieve their potential 帮助他们发挥出自己的潜能 • Encourage them to think independently／critically 鼓励他们独立思考／批判性地 • Family/community member 家庭／社区成员 • 4.working parents 工作的家长 • Spoil their children 溺爱孩子 • Lead a busy lifestyle生活忙忙碌碌 • feel disconnected from their family 感觉他们的家人缺少沟通 alien-alienated-alienation(疏远） • 学生的责任 • 学生的责任 • 5.good behavior/perform well at school • 6.develop self-discipline 发展自制力 • Become responsible members of society 成为有责任感的社会成员 • Drop out 辍学 • Do not follow the rule/regulation of school 不遵守校规 • 老人的责任 • 7.elderly people 老人 • Look after their grandchildren 照看孙辈 • Share their life experience with their grandchild 分享人生经验 • Have conservative views on many things 对于很多食物持有保留的看法 • Generation gap 代沟 • Misunderstanding 误解 • feel lonely and isolated 感到孤独和孤立 • 学校的责任 • 8.meet students’ needs 满足学生的需求 • Provide a broad and balanced curriculum 提供科目广泛、不偏科的课程安排 • Core subjects 核心科目 • Optional / compulsory 选修课／必修课 • Provide a friendly learning environment 提供一个适于学习的环境 • 社区成员的责任 • 9.do volunteer work 做义工 • Respect their neighbors 尊重邻里 • Help people in need 帮助贫困的人 • Contribute to their community／country／economy 为社区／国家／经济做贡献 • 政府的责任 • 10. Improve public services/infrastructure 提高公共服务／基础建设 • 11. create jobs/employment opportunities 创造就业 • Take jobs away from 抢走…..的就业机会 • 12.rudece poverty／hunger 减少贫困／饥荒 • 13. fulfill responsibility 旅行义务 • 14. introduce laws to….. 通过立法来…. • Is a long/short term solution 是一个长期有效／短期的解决方案 • 15.run campaigns to encourage to……举办大规模的宣传会去鼓励人们去……… • Encourage people to ……..鼓励人们去….. • 16. promote fair competition 促进公平就业 • 媒体的责任 • 17. provide reliable information提供可靠的信息 • Help consumers to make better decisions 帮助消费者做出更好的选择 • Provide fair and balanced reports 提供公正的、不偏颇的报道 • are driven by profit( profit-oriented/profit-centered)受到利益的驱动 • False information 虚假信息 • Mislead the public 误导大众 • Reliable (energy/healthcare/service） • 环境类（环境污染／能源危机／转基因食物／动植物） • 1.Damage environment 破坏环境 • Create waste and pollution 产生垃圾和污染 • Household／industrial waste 家庭生活／工业垃圾 • 2. industrial production工业生产 • Cause smog and acid rain导致雾霾和酸雨 • Toxic/poisonous 有毒的 • Car fumes/pollutant 汽车尾气／污染物 • PM2.5 • 解决交通问题的方法 • Control the number of cars • Raise vehicle taxes • Improve public transport services • Reduce people’s dependence on cars • Encourage people to buy eco-friendly cars • Develop cleaner energy • Work or cycle to work or school • 3.fossil fuels 化石燃料 • Solar/wind/water energy • Energy crisis 能源危机 • Non-renewable energy sources 不可再生能源 • Alternative energy 替代能源 • Rely too much on/ depend on 过度依赖于 • 对nuclear 的看法 • Pros: • Nuclear power 核电 • Does not depend on weather conditions 不依赖于天气 • Can help to reduce greenhouse gas emission • Cons: • Nuclear accident 核事故 • Cause health and safety problem 造成健康安全问题 • Irreversible radiation 不可逆的辐射 • Fukushima 福岛（日本） • 4.contribute to climate change 加速环境变化（工业生产和飞机等） • Global warming 全球暖化 • Reduce carbon emission 减少碳排放 • 5. rapid population growth/boom 人口高速增加／爆炸 • Use more energy/create more waste and pollution • Promote sustainable development 促进可持续发展 • Increase the demand for 增加对xx的需求（能源／医疗／土地 • Put pressure on （人口／消费的增长）对xx构成压力（自然资源／基础假设／医疗） • 6. meet／fulfill their environmental responsibilities 履行他们对于环境的义务 • 个人对于环境的义务 • Lead eco-friendly lifestyles • Reuse shopping bags • Recycle cans and bottles • Use public transport more often • Walk or cycle to work or school • 公司对于环保的义务 • Reduce their waste • Recycle their waste • Treat their waste properly • Develop cleaner energy • Pay more taxes • 政府的职责 • Improve public transport • Run campaign to encourage people to use public transport • Introduce laws to protect the environment • Fine companies that pollute the environment • Give financial support to research on renewable energy • 7. become crowded (城市）变得拥挤 • Urban areas 城市地区 • Rural areas 农村地区 • 8. genetically modified food 转基因食物（GM food) • 9. cut down forests/ log forests 砍伐森林 • Human activity 人类活动 • Wildlife habitats 野生动物栖息地 • Lead to natural disaster 导致自然灾害 • 10. endangered animals 濒危动物 • Die out/ extinct 灭绝 • Ivory trade 象牙交易 • Be hunted for sth 因为某物而受到捕猎 健康类（生活方式／老龄化／心理健康） • 1.Lead healthy life style 保持着健康的生活方式 • Do more physical activities 做更多体力活 • Have a balanced diet 保持平衡的饮食结构 • Eat more fruit and vegetables 多吃蔬菜和水果 • Keep a regular sleep schedule 保持有规律的睡眠时间 • Sedentary lifestyle 缺乏运动的生活方式 • Heart disease 心脏病 • High blood pressure 高血压 • Diabetes 糖尿病 • Obesity 肥胖病 • Asthma 哮喘 • Lung cancer 肺癌 （与抽烟和环境有关） • 2. outdoor and indoor activity 室内室外运动 • Increase ,strength ,speed and balance 提高力量、速度和平衡能力 • Improve memory and concentration 提高记忆力和注意力 • Improve hand-eye coordination 增强手和眼的协调能力 • 打电子游戏和运动的好处 • Feel lively and energetic 感到有活力而且精力充沛 • develop strong will power 形成顽强的意志力 • Build self-confidence 树立自信 • Develop their teamwork skills 发展团队合作能力 • give them a sense of achievement 带给他们一种成就感 3.Promote healthy lifestyle （政府／媒体）推广健康的生活方式 Regulate fast food advertising 对快餐广告进行严格的监管 Encourage people to make healthy food choices 鼓励人们去选择健康的视频 Raise people’s health awareness 提高人们的健康意识 • 4.population ageing 人口老龄化 • Retired people 退休的老人们 • Life expectancy 寿命 • 人口老龄化带来的问题 • Cause labor shortages(老龄化／低出生率）导致劳动力短缺 • Put pressure on the healthcare system 对医疗体系构成压力 • Increase the burden on taxpayers 加重纳税人负担 • • 人口老龄化的解决方法 • Save money for retirement（个人）为退休养老存钱 • Retire later 更晚退休 • Raise the retirement age(政府)提高法定退休年龄 • Encourage immigration 鼓励其他国家向本国移民 • 5. cause stress and anxiety 导致压力和焦虑 • Damage their emotional health 造成心理伤害 • is a good way to reduce stress and anxiety 是一种减轻压力焦虑的好方法 • Frustration 挫折 • Overtime 加班 • Peer pressure 同辈压力 • Face tough/keen competition for jobs/promotion/business 在工作／升职／商业方面面临激烈竞争 • 6. develop good relationships with their neighbors 与邻居们发展好良好的关系 • Lack a sense of belonging/community 缺乏归属感/社区感 • feel homesick 思乡 • Screen time 盯着屏幕的时间 • Limit children’s screen time 限制孩子看电视电脑的时间（家长的责任） • Rely heavily on 严重依赖于 • Be addicted to 对……上瘾 • 财务类（个人财务／贫富差距／个人资产／国际贸易援助） • 1.Consumer society 消费型社会 • Follow the latest trends 跟风 • Become greedy and selfish 变得贪婪和自私 • Earn more money 赚更多钱 • Have a higher standard of living 有更高的生活水平 • Budget 预算 • Save for future 为将来存钱 • Buy things on impulse 冲动地购物 • 2. involve high costs 涉及到高昂的费用 • High housing/ rent price 高房价／高昂租房费用 • Affordable 可以接受的 • 3. the gap/discrepancy between rich and poor 贫富差距 • Homeless 无家可归的 • Unemployed 无业的 • Face financial difficulties 面临经济困难 • reduce income inequality 减少收入不平等现象 4. Give/provide financial support/help to（政府／大学／慈善组织／发达国家）为…提供资助 Support themselves 自食其力 Reduce their dependence on the government 减少他们对于政府的依赖 Should give priority to 应当把……当作主要的关注对象 Is a waste of public funds/time/energy 是一种…..的浪费 5.Government tax revenue 政府税收(income) Impose taxes on (政府) 对…..征税 Is an important source of government tax revenue （旅游／广告／体育／烟草）是政府税收的重要来源 Increase the burden on 加重……..的负担 6.Contribute to/boost local economy/ economical growth 促进经济增长 7. long-distance food 远距离运送的食物 Provide consumers with more choices 给消费者更多选择 Take away jobs from local farmers 抢走当地农民的就业机会 8.Multinational companies/ corporations 跨国公司 Poor working conditions 恶劣的工作环境 Threaten cultural diversity 威胁文化多样性 9. International aid 国际援助 Long term solution 长期解决方案 Misuse the aid 滥用援助 Recipient country 接受援助的国家 1.Reduce crime rates 降低犯罪率 Prevent crime 预防犯罪 Commit a crime 犯罪／ violent crime 暴力犯罪 Deter+宾语 表示震慑违法者或违法行为 Deter crime/ criminal /dangerous driving/anti-social behavior 2. Reform criminal 改造罪犯 Provide them with career advice 为他们提供职业规划 Law-abiding citizens Criminal record 犯罪记录 3.Give them harsh punishment 给他们严厉的惩罚 Are sent to prison 被送去监狱 Serve long sentences 长时间服刑 Lose their freedom 失去其自由 Lead to resentment 导致憎恨 Are likely to re-offend 很有可能会再次犯罪 4. Address the root causes of crime 从根本上去解决犯罪问题 Create jobs/ reduce poverty 创造就业／减少贫困 5. Media violence 媒体里的暴力内容 Violent image 暴力画面 Glorify violence 美化暴力 Youth crime /Juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪 Aggressive 有攻击性的 6. Break traffic rules 违反交通规则 Pay fines 交罚金 Install red light cameras 安装交通灯监控摄像头 1. Protect their heritage 保护文化传承 erode their sense of cultural identify 削弱他们的文化认同感 Feel disconnected from heritage/nature/family 感到自己与传统／自然／家庭想脱节 2. Customs and traditions 风俗和传统 value 价值 morals values 道德观念 3. Are expose to + 宾语（重要相当于 immerse in ) Are expose to different cultures /languages/ media violence 接触到不同的文化／语言／媒体暴力 4. Promote peace and understanding( 国际交流）促进和平与理解 international corporation 促进国际合作 Build understanding and trust 建设相互理解和信任 Improve international relations 改善国际关系 Transcend national borders 超出了国家间的边界 Global problems Global warming 全球变暖 Poverty 贫困 Population aging 人口老龄化 The increasing demand for energy 对能源的日益增长的需求 Air and water pollution 空气和水的污染 Overpopulation人口过多 5.Cultural globalization 文化全球化 Share the same fashions and brands 分享相同的时尚和品牌 Watch the same films and television programmes 看同样的电影和电视节目 Satellite TV 卫星电视 Spread their own culture 传播自己的文化 6. The expansion of English 英语的扩张 A global language 全球性的语言 Make communication and cooperation easier 让沟通与合作变得更加容易 Is widely used around the world 在全世界范围内被广泛地使用 International conferences 大型国际会议 Language barrier 语言障碍 Expansion/ invasion/proliferation 扩张／侵占／扩散（三者意思相近 7. An endangered language 一种濒危的语言 8.Introduce laws to protect historic buildings 通过立法来保护具有历史意义的建筑 Famous landmarks 著名的标志性建筑 8. Adapt old buildings to meet modern needs 让老房子适应现代生活的需要 Update the equipment 对设备的更新 Make space for new buildings 为新建筑让出空间 Renovate old buildings 对老房子进行翻新 Demolish old buildings 拆坏老房子 9.Work of art 艺术品 Enr