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1、红对勾高三英语课时作业49：语法专练九之情态动词和虚拟语气高考真题 1(全国)They _ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.A. will B. canC. must D. should解析句意：他们本应该午餐时间到达，可是他们的飞机晚点了。can 用在疑问句和否认句中，意为：可能；must have done 表示推测，意为：一定做过；should have done 表示(过去)本应该做而没做。根据句意可知答案为D项。答案D2(全国)If you _ smoke, please go outside.A. can
2、 B. shouldC. must D. may解析句意：如果你非要抽烟，请到外面去。must 用于条件句，表示“非要，偏要。其他三项均不符合语境。答案C3()I _ sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.A. had come B. was comingC. would come D. would have come解析句意：我不知道他们一直在等我，否那么，我就会早点来了。根据 but 后面内容可知设空处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，其主句谓语动词形式：would/should/could/might have done。
3、故答案为D项。答案D4()It _ be the postman at the door. Its only six oclock.A. mustnt B. cantC. wont D. neednt解析句意：门外不可能是邮递员。现在才六点。A：不可以，禁止；B：不可能；C：不愿意；D：不必。根据句意可知答案为B项。答案B5()I _ through that bitter period without your generous help.A. couldnt have gone B. didnt goC. wouldnt go D. hadnt gone解析句意：如果没有你的慷慨相助的话，
4、我不可能熬过那段艰苦的日子。此题考查虚拟语气。without your generous help 相当于含蓄条件句If it hadnt been your generous help，此处表示与过去事实相反，所以主句局部采用 couldnt have done 结构，表示“本不可能，应选择A项。答案A6()Will you read me a story, Mummy?OK. You _ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.A. might B. mustC. could D. shall解析句意：妈妈，给我讲个故事好吗？好，如果你尽
5、快上床睡觉，我就给你讲一个。shall 在此处表示“允诺，应选择D项。答案D7()I dont really like James. Why did you invite him?Dont worry. He _ come. He said he wasnt certain what his plans were.A. must not B. need notC. would not D. might not解析句意：我真的不喜欢 James。为什么你邀请他？别担忧。他可能来不了。他说他还不能确定他的方案是什么。must not 表示禁止；need not 表示不必；would not 表示不
6、会；might not 表示可能不。根据句意答案为D项。答案D8()Where are the children? The dinners going to be completely ruined.I wish they _ always late.A. werent B. hadnt beenC. wouldnt be D. wouldnt have been解析句意：孩子们都到哪里去了？宴会就要被他们彻底破坏了。我希望他们不要总是迟到。此题考查虚拟语气。wish 后跟 that 从句，从句局部采用虚拟语气，与现在事实相反的用一般过去时，与过去时相反的用过去完成时。此题表示与现在事实相反，
7、所以用一般过去时，故正确答案为A项。答案A9()Maybe if I _ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.A. studied B. would studyC. had studied D. was studying解析句意：也许如果当时我学习的是理科而不是文科的话，那么我(现在)就可以给你更多的帮助了。此题考查虚拟语气。根据 then 一词可以确定此处表示与过去事实相反，故 if 引导的从句局部用 had done，应选C。答案C10()Shall I inform him of
8、the change of the schedule right now?I am afraid you _， in case he comes late for the meeting.A. will B. mustC. may D. can解析句意：我该马上通知他日程改了吗？我想你必须(通知他)，以免他开会迟到。must 必须；will 愿意，将要；may 可以；can 能够。根据句意可知，正确答案为B项。答案B11()Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.I _ it, but I was busy preparing for
9、a job interview.A. attended B. had attendedC. would attend D. would have attended解析句意：很可惜你错过了这次有关核污染的演讲。我本来要参加，但(那时)忙于准备工作面试。此题考查虚拟语气。根据 but 后面的内容可知，设空处表达与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以正确答案为D项。答案D12()Hows your new babysitter?We _ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.A. should B. mightC. mustnt D. cou
10、ldnt解析句意：你家的新保姆怎么样？我们再不可能找到比这个更好的保姆了。所有的孩子都非常喜欢她。should 应当；might 也许；mustnt 禁止，不允许；couldnt 不可能。couldnt ask for a better one 意为“找不到更好的，也就是“是最好的，符合句意。答案D13()I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone _ it.A. will ha
11、ve stolen B. might have stolenC. should have stolen D. must have stolen解析句意：我把手提包落在火车上了，不过，幸运的是，有人把它交给了乘警。把包拿回来是多么不可思议啊！我的意思是，有人可能偷了你的包。此题考查情态动词的用法。will have stolen 为将来完成时，而此事已经过去，故被排除。might have stolen 可能已经偷了，符合语境，故答案为B项。should have stolen 表示本应该偷而事实上却没有；must have stolen 表示肯定偷了，均不符合句意。答案B14(湖南)No on
12、e _ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.Oh, you are really his big fan.A. can B. needC. must D. might解析句意：在打篮球方面没有人能够和姚明相比。哦，你真是他的超级粉丝。根据语境可知空格处应填 can，表示“可以，能够，应选A项。答案A15()If you _ go, at least wait until the storm is over.A. can B. mayC. must D. will解析句意：如果你偏要走，至少要等到暴风雨停了。If you must do
13、 sth. 为固定用法，意为：如果你偏要做某事。can 用于肯定句表示理论上的可能或表示能力；may 可以，可能；will 愿意。答案C16()Why didnt you come to Simons party last night?I wanted to, but my mum simply _ not let me out so late at night.A. could B. mightC. would D. should解析句意：为什么你昨天晚上没来参加西蒙的聚会？我想来参加的，但我妈妈根本不愿让我那么晚出来。would 表示“愿意；A：能力或可能；B：可能；D：应该。答案C17(
14、)The police still havent found the lost child, but theyre doing all they _.A. can B. mayC. must D. should解析句意：警察还没有找到那个失踪的小孩，但是他们在做自己能做的一切。从语境看，这里用 do all they can 表示“做他们能够做的一切，用 can 表示“可以，能够。答案A18()I _ worry about my weekendI always have my plans ready before it comes.A. cant B. mustntC. darent D.
15、neednt解析句意：我不必担忧我的周末我总是在周末来临之前就方案好了。根据下文可知D项“没有必要符合语境。A：不能，不可能；B：禁止；C：不敢。答案D19(全国)Just be patient. You _ expect the world to change so soon.A. cant B. needntC. may not D. will not解析句意：耐心点。你不能指望这个世界变得如此之快。这里用 cant 表示“不能，不可以，不可能。neednt 没有必要；may not 可能不；will not 将不，都不符合句意。答案A20()I _ have watched that m
16、ovieitll give me horrible dreams.A. shouldnt B. needntC. couldnt D. mustnt解析句意：我本不应该去看那部电影它会使我做噩梦的。shouldnt have done 本不该做，但是做了；neednt have done 本没必要做，但是做了；couldnt have done 不可能做了某事。无 mustnt have done 结构。根据题干所提供信息应选A项。答案A21()Mark _ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour ea
17、rly.A. neednt B. wouldntC. mustnt D. couldnt解析句意：Mark 本不必那么匆忙。他极速行驶，最后早到了半个小时。neednt have done 表示过去不必要做的事情却做了。couldnt have done 表示过去不可能做了(某事)；wouldnt have done 用在表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中；mustnt 表禁止，不用在此结构中。答案A22()John went to the hospital alone.If he _ me about it, I would have gone with him.A. should tell B
18、. tellsC. told D. had told解析句意：约翰自己去医院了。要是他(事先)告诉我，我就跟他去了。此题考查虚拟语气的 if 条件句的时态。根据第一句谓语动词 went，可知第二句的主从句为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故 if 从句谓语动词要用 had told。答案D23()Sorry, Professor Smith. I didnt finish the assignment yesterday.Oh, you _ have done it as yesterday was the deadline.A. must B. mustntC. should D. shouldn
19、t解析句意：对不起，史密斯教授，昨天我没有完成作业。哦，你本应该完成的，因为昨天是最后的期限。四个选项中B项不能与 have done 连用，故排除；must have done 意为“肯定做了，表推测，说明说话人对所推测的事情把握较大，如：It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet now.昨天夜里肯定下雨了，因为地面现在是湿的。should have done 本应该做(实际上没做)；shouldnt have done 本不应该做(实际上做了)。由语境可知C项正确。答案C24()Good morning, Ive got an
20、 appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.Ah, good morning. You _ be Mrs Peters.A. might B. mustC. would D. can解析句意：早上好，我和人事部的 Smith 小姐有约。啊呀，早上好。那您一定是 Peters 女士。此题考查情态动词表推测的用法。根据题干可以判断说话人对所推断的情况很肯定，应选择B项。答案B25()The weather has been very hot and dry.Yes. If it had rained even a drop, t
21、hings would be much better now! And my vegetables _.A. wouldnt die B. didnt dieC. hadnt died D. wouldnt have died解析句意：现在天气变得又热又干。是啊。如果当初下一点雨，现在情况也会好很多！我的蔬菜也就不会死了。此题考查虚拟语气。题干中 If 引导的从句为过去完成时，是对过去事情的虚拟，主句却是 would do，对现在事实的虚拟，此为干扰局部，考生须分析清楚句意，空格处表示蔬菜都死了，是过去的事实，在对过去的事实进行虚拟，应选择D项。答案D26()I havent got the
22、reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month.Dont worry. You _ have it by Friday.A. could B. shallC. must D. may解析句意：我至今还没有拿到参考书，但是下个月这个学科就要测试了。别担忧。周五之前你一定会有的。此题考查情态动词。shall 用于第二人称表示允诺、要求、命令、威胁等语气，根据句意可知此处表示允诺的语气，故答案为B。could 能，能够；must 必须；may 也许，均不符合语境，可排除。答案B27()If we _ the othe
23、r road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.A. take B. had takenC. took D. have taken解析句意：如果我们走另一条路，我们可能早就按时到会了。此题考查的是虚拟语气。根据句意及后边主句谓语 might have arrived 可知 if 从句表示与过去事实相反，故 if 从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。答案B28()May I take this book out of the reading room?No, you _. You read it in here.A. mightnt
24、B. wontC. neednt D. mustnt解析句意：我可以把这本书带出阅览室吗？不行，绝对不可以。你(只能)在这里阅读。mightnt 可能不；will 表意愿或决心；neednt 不必；mustnt 用于说话者不让某人做某事，语气强烈：绝对不可以。例如：You mustnt leave the gate open.你不要敞着大门。答案D29()I have told you the truth. _ I keep repeating it?A. Must B. CanC. May D. Will解析句意：我已经告诉你实情了。非要我一遍遍重复吗？must 表示对方的行为使说话人不满或
25、懊恼，意为“偏要。can，may 用在句首表请求或疑问。答案A30()Teachers recommend parents _ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.A. not allow B. do not allowC. mustnt allow D. couldnt allow解析st，order，request，advise 等表“建议、命令、要求等意思的动词，后接宾语从句时，宾语从句的谓语动词常用“should动词原形，should 可以省略。答案A31()Had I known about th
26、is computer program, a huge amount of time and energy _.A. would have been savedB. had been savedC. will be savedD. was saved解析句意：如果我了解这种电脑程序的话，就可以节约大量的时间和精力。此题考查虚拟语气。如果表示与过去事实相反的话，条件句采用过去完成时态(如果省略 if 可采用局部倒装结构)，主句谓语动词应采用“wouldhave过去分词的结构，故答案为A项。答案A32()“You _ have a wrong number.she said. “Theres no
27、 one of that name here.A. need B. canC. must D. would解析句意：“你肯定打错 了。她说，“这儿没有叫那个名字的人。此处情态动词表推测，由语境可知说话人对推测的事情把握较大，所以用 must (肯定，一定)。答案C33()Jack described his father, who _ a brave boy many years ago, as a strongwilled man.A. would be B. would have beenC. must be D. must have been解析句意：杰克的父亲很多年前一定非常勇敢，因此
28、杰克说他的父亲是一个意志坚决的人。此题考查情态动词表推测语气。由句中的 many years ago 可知是对过去的推测，故排除A、C；而B项表示可能性很小，故被排除。答案D34()Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _ be regular exercise.A. can B. willC. must D. may解析句意：医生说锻炼对健康很重要，但那必须是经常性的锻炼。A：可能；B：将会；C：必须；D：可能。答案C35(湖南)You _ buy a gift, but you can if you want t
29、o.A. must B. mustntC. have to D. dont have to解析句意：你不必买礼物了，但是如果你愿意的话也可以买。根据句意可知此处须用否认形式，故排除A、C项；mustnt 表示禁止；dont have to 意为“不必。故答案为D项。答案D36(湖南)If he _ my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job.A. followed B. should followC. had followed D. would follow解析句意：如果他(当时)接受我的建议，就不会丢掉他的工作了。此题考查虚拟语气。因为 if 条件句表示与
30、过去事实相反，故采用过去完成时。答案C37()It _ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.A. may B. canC. must D. should解析句意：一定是汤姆把车停在这里的，因为只有他有车。此句用 must 表示肯定的推测。must have done 表示“(过去)一定做了某事。may，can 和 should 也可用来表示推测。may 表示“可能，也许，推测语气不肯定。can 一般用于否认句和疑问句中表示推测。should 表示“按理应该。答案C38()One of
31、the few things you _ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.A. need B. mustC. should D. can解析句意：对于英国人你可以确定的为数不多的事情之一就是他们对天气谈论得很多。can 意为“可以。need 意为“需要，用作情态动词时常用于否认句、疑问句；must 意为“必须；should“应该。答案D39()But for the help of my English teacher, I _ the first prize i
32、n the English Writing Competition.A. would not win B. would not have wonC. would win D. would have won解析答案B40()The doctor recommended that you _ swim after eating a large meal.A. wouldnt B. couldntC. neednt D. shouldnt解析句意：医生建议大量饮食后不要去游泳。recommend 后的宾语从句谓语动词应该用“(should)do。表示“命令、建议、请求、要求的动词后加宾语从句时，宾语
33、从句的谓语动词需用“(should)动词原形。答案D模拟精选 1(海门市诊断)John agreed to the suggestion that his students _ two weeks to prepare for the exam.Agive Bshould giveCbe given Dwould be given解析suggestion, advice 等后的同位语从句用虚拟语气。should do 或 should be done, 其中 should 可以省略，his students 与 give 之间为被动关系，故C项正确。答案C2(期末)You _ pay too
34、much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important.A. cant B. shouldC. must D. neednt解析此题考查情态动词的特殊用法。句意：你一定要特别注意你的阅读技巧，因为它是如此重要。cant.too. 为固定句式，意为“再也不为过；一定要，故A项正确。答案A3(质检)_ everyone have a great Spring Festival!A. Can B. MustC. May D. Should解析此题考查情态动词的特殊用法。句意：愿大家春节快乐！情态动词 may 可以表祝愿，用于倒装句中，故
35、C项正确。答案C4(哈九中上学期期末)Naturally, when I tell her what to do, my daughter _ go and do the opposite!A. may B. canC. must D. should解析此处主要考查情态动词 must 的特殊意思“非要，非得，偏要，偏偏，表示与说话人愿望相反。句意：通常，我告诉女儿做什么时，女儿非得做相反的事。答案C5(丰台第一学期期末)May I smoke here?If you _， choose a seat in the smoking section.A. should B. couldC. mus
36、t D. may解析句意：我可以在这儿吸烟吗？如果你一定要吸的话，请在吸烟区选个座位。由语境可知，此处考查 must 表示“非得，偏要这种语气的用法。答案C6(海门市诊断)Can I pay the bill by check?Sorry, sir. But it is the management rule of our hotel that payment _ be made in cash.Ashall BneedCwill Dcan解析shall 与第二、三人称连用，表示命令，警告，允诺等语气。答案A7(一检)Whenever we met, Lily _ greet me first
37、 though I was younger than her.A. must B. wouldC. should D. could解析句意：不管我什么时候遇见莉莉，虽然我比她年轻，她总是先向我打招呼。由语境可知，此处用 would 表示“过去常常，指过去动作的重复，B项正确。答案B8(第四次阶段测试)Mum, I am sorry, but I failed in the English exam.So you _ get the MP4 you want. I am sorry, too.A. shall not B. might notC. neednt D. shouldnt解析根据所学
38、知识可知 shall 用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称时，表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等。由此可知此题的答案应该选择A。答案A9(东北第三次摸底)According to the school rules, no student _ go out of school without the permission of the teachers.A. will B. mustC. may D. shall解析主要测试 shall 的特殊用法：shall 用在条约、规章、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，一般用于第三人称。答案D10(一检)What time _ I pick you up at
39、 your house tomorrow, sir?I havent decided on the time. But I will call you.A. may B. canC. will D. shall解析句意：先生，我明天什么时候到你家来接你？我还没有决定时间。但我会给你打 。情态动词 shall 用于第一、第三人称的疑问句，表示请求或征求对方意见，此处为征求对方意见。答案D11(期末质评)I cant imagine there _ be a shortage of water in Yunnan, the southwest of China where there used t
40、o be adequate rain.A. could B. mustC. might D. should解析句意：我想像不出曾经雨水充分的中国西南部的竟然缺水。should 可以表示一种语气，意为“竟然，符合语境。答案D12(期末)Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?It _ be, but it is now heavily polluted.A. will B. shouldC. would D. must解析句意：你的环北湖之旅怎么样？那儿美吗？它应该很美，但现在已严重污染了。should，“按常理该，应该，符合语
41、境。答案B13(四校联考)On some British streets, there _ be as many as five different garbage cansthats confusing!Acan Bhave toCmust Dshall解析can 表示推测，意为“可能会。答案A14(期末)Margaret _ stay at home all day long in front of the computer.Thats right. She should go to the fitness center with us.A. doesnt have to B. could
42、ntC. oughtnt to D. may not解析句意：Margaret 不应该整天待在家里坐在电脑前。对。她应该跟我们到健身中心来。doesnt have to“不必，相当于 neednt；couldnt“不能够，不可能；oughtnt to“不应该，相当于 shouldnt；may not“或许不；由语境可知C项正确。答案C15(复习诊断)Hurry up! They _ for us at the crossing.A. must wait B. must have waitedC. must be waiting D. may wait解析此题考查情态动词表推测。句意：快点！他们
43、肯定在十字路口等我们。must 用于肯定的推测，意为“肯定会；must be doing 强调某个动作现在肯定正在进行，符合语境。答案C16(测试)Jackie, you _ hang all your clothes in the room like this!Awouldnt BneedntCmustnt Doughtnt解析mustnt 表示禁止，意为“千万不要。答案C17(一检)Holiday shopping _ be a tiring experience. There are so many places to visit and choices to make.A. can B. mayC. shall D. will解析句意：假期购物可能是一段累人的经历。有许多地方要看，许多项选择择要做。can“可能，语气较肯定；may“或许，语气较弱；由语境可知，A项正确。答案A18(期末调研)Listen ! There is a knock on the door. Who _ it be?It must be Jack.