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1、高考英语考点解析复习讲义及练习题-阅读理解猜想词义3 A Shanghai boy, Chen Yinhua, is going to take part in theGlobal Young Leaders Conference in Washington, D. C. and New York from July 4-15. It is organized by the Congressional Youth Leadership Council (CYLG). Im very lucky to get this opportunity to make friendswith so man
2、y excellent students. said Chen, who attends Shanghai Nanyang Model High School. It is a once-in-a-life-time experience. The 18-year-old will join 350 secondary school students from across the world, all of whom have shown leadership po- tential and academic ability. As well as trying out simulation
3、s (模拟) designed to develop leadership and decision-making skills, the students will communicate with influential figures in politics, finance, culture and the diplomatic (外交的) world. Chen knew nothing about CYLC until last March, when the organization invited him to take part in the conference. It w
4、as his SAT application form that caught CYLCs eye at the end of last year. I was totally surprised but felt very honored after I learned about it from the Intemet, he recalled. As monitor of his class, he was involved in a wide range of school affairs. His many activities included debating, basketba
5、ll, robot research and producing his class newsletter. Although these things took up plenty of time, I enjoyed the feeling of making decisions. And I still worked very hard in the classroom as well as at home,Cben said proudly. Besides passing SAT1 and SAT2, he scored 663 in the TOEFL exam while onl
6、y in Senior 1.Chen will continue his studies at Fudan,a University. After that, he hopes to build on his interest in international relations, working for an organization like the United Nations. 1. Whats the purpose of the Global Young Leaders Conference? A. To discuss some important matters in the
7、world. B. To develop young people s leadership skills. C. To compete and decide who will be the best to be leaders.D. To offer chances for young people to communicate with each other. 答案：B 指导：细节理解题。从文中第三、四自然段可知，这次会议的中心目的在于培养和开展学生的领导能力。A不符合事实，C、D是中心目的的附带活动。2. By saying Its a once-in-a-lifetime experi
8、ence Chen Yinhua means_ A. this is the first time for him to have such experience B. he will value this chance to perform excellently C. this kind of chance is seldom given to a school student D. he is the only one to get such an opportunity 答案：B 指导：细节理解题。once-in-a-hfetxme“一生中只有一次的，ChenYinhua如是说，说明他
9、对此时机的重视和珍惜。其他意义都不符合此种环境的心理。3. Chen Yinhua was invited to the conference because_. A. he is a rather famous person among the students invited B. he has special skills of leadership in his school C. he did quite well in his SAT application form sore influential people take much interest in him 答案：C 指导
10、：细节推理题。根据第五段第二句可知。4. Form the last three paragraphs we know Chen Yinhua _. A. does well only in public activities B. has no interest in school C. studies English the best of all his lessons D. has the nature of being a leader 答案：D 指导：推断题。A、B,C与原文意思不符。可推知。是后一段最后一句。 Passage * There is one foreign prod
11、uct the Japanese are buying fasterthan others, and its popularity has caused an uneasy feeling among many Japanese. That product is foreign words. Gairaigo-words that come from outside-have been part of the Japanese language for centuries. Mostly borrowed from English and Chinese, these terms are of
12、ten changed into forms no longer understood by native speakers. But in the last few years the tfi. ckle (涓涓细流) of foreign words has become a flood, and people fear the increasing use of foreign words is making it hard for the Japanese to understand each other and could lead to many people forgetting
13、 the good qualities of traditional (传统的) Japanese. The popularity of foreign words is part of the Japanese interest in anything new, Days university lecturer and writer Takashi .%alto. By using a foreign word you can make a subject seem new, which makes it easier for the media (媒体) to pick up. Exper
14、ts (专家) often study abroad and use English terms when they speak with people in their own fields. Those terms are then included in government white papers,said Muturo Kal, president of the National Language Research Institute. Foreign words find their way easily into announcements made to the genera
15、l public, when they should really be explained in Japanese. Against the flow of new words. many Japanese turning back to the stud)rd their own language Saitos Japanese to Be Read Aloud is one of many language books that ate now flying off booksellersshelves. We were expecting to sell the books to yo
16、ung people, said the writer, but it turns out they are more popular wii the older generation, who seem uneasy about the future of Jal anese. 1. What advantages do foreign words have over traditional Jal nese terms? A. The ideas expressed in foreign words sound new. B. Foreign words are best suited f
17、or announcements. C. Foreign words make new subjects easier to understand. D. The use of foreign words makes the media more popular. 答案：A 指导：第5段末提到原因，“用外来词语你可以让一个话题看上去很新鲜，而这样一来媒体更容易感兴趣。2. In the opinion of Takastii Saito, Japanese people _. A. are good at learning foreign languages B. are willing to
18、 learn about new things C. trust the media D. respect experts 答案：B 指导：还是第5段，“外来词语受欢送局部原因是日本人对任何新东西都感兴趣，因此选B.3. Which of the following plays an important part in the spreace of foreign words? A. The media and government papers. B. Best-selling Japanese textbooks. C. The interest of young Japanese. D.
19、 Foreign products and experts. 答案：A 指导：第6段谈到这些词语的来历，出现在政府公文、播送中，即A。4. The book Japanese to Be Read Aloud _. A. sells very well in Japan B. is supported by the government C. is questioned by the old generation D. causes misunderstanding among the readers答案： A 指导：关于这本书。作者说“are now flying off bookselle
20、rss he lves，因此选A. Passage * On May 13,1787, a fleet of English ships set sail for Aus tralia with about 750 people. These men and women were not ordinary passengers, They were convicts being sent to Austial ia as punishment for their crimes. Laws in England during this period were very hard, and peo
21、ple were punished severely for even the smallest crimes. A man could be sentenced to death for hunting on another mans property or he could be put to death for chopping down someone elses tree. For many other crimes, the punishment was transportation. The guilty person was shipped to a distant land
22、where he was forced to work without pay. Often women and children were shipped to other lands too. In 1770, Captain Cook had discovered the continent of Australia and claimed it for England. At first, England found no use for this vast land on the other side of the world, but then the American Revol
23、ution took place. England could no longer ship her convicts to the American colonies (殖民地). So she turned to Australia as a good place for her prisoners. A former naval captain was picked to accompany the convicts to the new colony. His job was to help them build a settlement which he would govern.
24、The captain was glad to go. He believed the convicts could learn to live in peace. He felt they would obey the laws in the new country. In January 1788, the English fleet and its cargo-the convicts landed on Australia. After days of searching, the captain found a good harbor. The land nearby had tre
25、es and streams. The convict colony made a new beginning here. Australias history thus began. 1. The article tells us mainly about_. A. a fleet of English ships B. hunting on other peoples property C. a convict settlement in Australia D. how Australia was discovered 答案：C 指导：纵观全文，本文讲述英国政府在发现澳大利亚后一直没有利
26、用这块土地，美国独立战争之后它不能将罪犯流到美国，于是将澳大利亚作为其流放地，因此选C2. The underlined word convict(in Paragraph 1) most probably means _. A. a person who lost his family B. a person who has done crimes and is sent to prison C. a native living in the area D. a person who is sentenced to death 答案：B 指导：由上下文可知，convict指犯了罪(crime
27、s)受罚(punishment)的人，英国政府将其流放到“agood place for prisoners，因此选B.3. Why did England send convicts to Australia? A. It wanted to make Captain Cook happy about Australia. B. It wanted convicts to find a good harbor and good land. C. It could not feed its overpopulation. D. It could no longer send convicts
28、to America. 答案：D 指导：从短文第三段的描述中知，由于美国发动了独立战争取得独立，英国政府不能将罪犯流放到美国，这才将目光投向澳大利亚。4. Which statement seems true according to the passage? A. Former naval captains always started new colonies. B. The American Revolution had something to do with the convicts. C. A great country may grow from a small colony.
29、D. Convicts are not easy to be governed. 答案：C 指导：文中只提到“aformernaval captain，A项显然太武断；B项说美国的独立战争与那些罪犯有关系，这种说法太牵强，综合判断，C项是正确的。 Passage * You would like to take good photographs of real-life situations but you have few ideas for pictures. I suggest you look a- round you. The everyday world is full of sc
30、enes being played by an ever-changing group of actors. You probably passed a dozen picture situations without noticing on your way to work this morning. The realistic approach (态度) to photograph has been perfected in the past by such masters as Henri Cartier-Bresson and Bill Brand. But while you can
31、 learn a great deal from looking at the works of others, any success you can hope to achieve in this field has to come from developing an individual approach. The main requirement for any photographer has little to do with technical matters. You must develop an awareness (观察) of the world around you
32、 and the people who live in it, and you should learn to notice when a situation may develop to a point where you will be able to take a good picture. Those who have reached this happy state will be prepared when that moment comes, and will simply raise their camera quickly and shoot. Others who are
33、not so aware will be struggling with the camera cases and lens (镜头) caps. Film manufactures must be delighted at thethought of the inexperienced photographer setting out in search of the right situation and the right moment. Many miles of costly material have passed through thousands of cameras as t
34、his endless search continues. But although this waste must be put down to inexperience, youll find that even the professionals have to use a lot of film when they are out shooting. Not every shot is going to be a winner. If you look at the works of even the best photographers, youll notice dozens of
35、 pictures have had to be taken only because they lead up to the successful shot of a situation that the photographer has obviously been observing through the lens. You may find that you have taken one or two pictures after the right moment has pas- sed as well There is seldom more than one shot whic
36、h stands out. There is just one point where it all comes together, and often you have to waste film to catch that precious moment. 1. According to the passage, one can become a better real-life photographer by_. A. watching the photographers at work B. learning about famous photographers C. just tak
37、ing a great many photographs D. developing skills and ideas for yourself 答案：D 指导：从文中的描写可以获知，作者谈到如何才能成为一个好的摄影师，谈到要注意身边的素材、观察周围的世界、还要注意摄影技巧，因此选D.2. The writer thinks that a photographer is required to_. A. be able to tell when a good situation might come B. go out and search for unusual situations C.
38、be highly skilled in camerea techniques D. have a camera which is easy and quick to use 答案：A 指导：文中作者谈到生活中处处有picturesituations(B错)，第三段的首句告诉我们C不对，最后一句表示不在于照相机好不好用，在于摄影师对生活的aware(D错)，从该段中间的讲述可知A对，文中有will be prepared when that moment comes3. Most likely, to catch the right moment, one must _. A. take pi
39、ctures without too much preparation B. take a whole series of similar pictures C. take great care to set up the situation D. take one picture just at the right moment 答案：B 指导：从文中最后两段的讲述可知，即使是专业人士，他们为了捕捉瞬间往往要浪费很多胶卷，“dozens。f pictures have had to be taken for the successful shot，因此选B.4. The passage is
40、 _. A. an introduction to photography B. an advertisement for film C. a history of photography D. part of a book of camera instruction 答案：A 指导：全文讲述摄影师必须注意观察生活，捕捉real-life situations，不要担忧浪费胶卷，为了捕捉that precious moment，often you have to waste film,不难看出其写作宗旨是A. Passage * A few years ago it was popular t
41、o speak of a penetration gap, a disagreement between young people and their elders. Parents said that children did not show them proper respect and obedience, while children complained (抱怨) that their parents did not understand them at all What had gone wrong? Why had the generation gap suddenly app
42、eared? Actually the generation gap has been around for a long time. Many people argue that a gap is built into the fabric (结构) of our society. One important cause of the generation gap is the chance that young people have to choose their own ways of life. In more traditional societies, when children
43、 grow up, they are expected to live in the same area as their parents, to marry people that their parents know and agree to, and to continue the family occupation (职业). In our society, young people often travel great distances for their education, move out of the family home at an early age, marry o
44、r live with people whom their parents have never met, and choose occupations different from those of their parents. In our easily changing society, parents often expect their children to do better than they did; to find better jobs, to make more money; and to do all the things that they were unable
45、to do. Often, however, the strong desire that parents have for their children are another cause of the disagreement between them. Often, they discover that they have very little in common with each other. Finally, the speed at which changes take place in our society is another cause of the gap betwe
46、en the generations. In a traditional culture, elderly people are valued for their wisdom, but in our society the knowledge of a lifetime may become out of date overnight. The young and the old seem to live in two very different worlds, separated by different skills and abilities.No doubt, the genera
47、tion gap will continue to be a feature (特点) of American life for some time to come Its causes are rooted in the freedom and changes of our society, and in the rapid speed at which society changes. 1. The main idea of the first paragraph is that_. A. the generation gap suddenly appeared B. the generation gap is a feature of modern social life C. people can reduce the gene