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牛津英语8A 知识点&语法汇总
Unit 1知识点
1. 数字+more = another +数字 E.g. three more = another three
2. maybe adv. “也许、可能”，在句中作状语，相当于perhaps，常位于句首.
may be中，may是情态动词，be是动词原形，两者构成完整的谓语形式，与主语形成系表结构，意为“也许是、可能是”。
Maybe和may be可相互转换。X k B 1 . c o m
He may be in the office.= Maybe he is in the office. 他或许在办公室。
You may be right.= Maybe you are right. 你或许是对的。
3. an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 a dishonest boy 一个不诚实的男孩
4. have problems （复数）(in) doing sth. = have trouble（不可数） (in) doing sth. = have difficulty （不可数）(in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
5. tell lies 说谎 tell stories 讲故事 tell jokes 讲笑话
lie v.动词， 躺 lie ---lay--lain lie v. 说谎 lie-lied-lied
n.名词，谎话 tell lies 说谎
6.one of +形容词最高级+可数名词名词复数
E.g. one of my best friends one of the tallest boys
7. has 动词，“长着，”在句中作谓语动词；
with 介词，“长着，戴着”，在句中作定语
wear 动词，“穿着，戴着”，在句中作谓语动词；
in 介词，“穿着”，在句中作定语
1) My sister has short hair. 动词，长着，做谓语动词
2） The girl with short hair is my sister.介词，长着，做定语，修饰the girl,不可用has,因为句中已经有谓语动词is
3)My sister wears small round glasses.
4)The girl with small round glasses is my sister.
课本例句：She’s a small girl with a ponytail.（page14)（作定语）
8. say a bad word about sb.说某人的坏话
“众说纷纭”
1 say +说话内容E.g.say a bad word about sb； say to oneself 自言自语；
2 speak +语言; 打电话；作演讲
3 talk with/to sb.; talk about sth.
4 tell sb sth.; tell sb. (not) to do sth.;tell stories/jokes/lies 讲故事/讲笑话/说谎
9.true adj.正确的，真实的 truly adv.（副词） truth n. 真相，真理，事实
10.sb.worry about sth./sb. =sb. be worried about sth./sb. 某人担心某事/某人
sth. worry(worries三单/worried过去式) sb.某事让某人担忧
E.g. Something worries me.(something 不定代词做主语，谓语动词用三单）
11.look smart in his small round glasses 戴着圆圆的小眼镜让他看起来很神气
sb. look +adj.+in sth. = sth. look +adj.+on sb.
13.be famous to 对于......很出名
be famous as 作为.....出名
be famous for 因为.....很出名
14.listen to sb. carefully 认真地听某人讲话
careful adj. 认真的，仔细的 adv.carefully
<反> adj. careless 粗心的 adv.carelessly
15.luck n. 运气 Good luck to you.祝你好运。
lucky adj. 幸运的--luckily adv. unlucky adj.不幸的
16.take part in +比赛/活动= join in +比赛/活动 “参加......”
join +组织/sb. “加入”
join sb. in doing sth. 加入某人做某事
17.smile v.& n. 微笑 adj. smiling 微笑的 smiling eyes
wear/have a smile on one’s face 面带微笑
18.care vi/vt：关心，关注，在意
还可作名词，译为“小心，照料”
形容词形式有两个：careful(小心的，仔细的)，careless“粗心的”；
其对应的副词形式为：carefully “小心地，仔细地”，carelessly“粗心地”。
【扩展学习】
care常见的短语：
care for照顾；take care注意，当心；
care about关心；关怀；take good care of= look after well照顾
19.make
使役动词，其后可接动词原形、形容词或名词作宾语补足语。make具体用法如下：
(1) make+sb./sth.+adj. “使某人或某事变得...” I’ll make it easier.我将使他变得更容易些。
(2) make+sb./sth.+n. “使某人或某物成为....”
(3) make sb. do sth. “让/迫使某人做某事”
20. patient n. 病人 adj.有耐心的
<反> impatient 没有耐心的，急躁的 an impatient teacher
21.形容词中比较级和最高级需要双写最后一个字母，再加er/est
大（big)热（hot）天,一个穿红（red）衣浑身湿（wet）透的伤感（sad）胖（fat）子想要变得又瘦（thin）又苗条（slim）
22.what be sb。like ?问某人的长相或品格
what do(does) sb. look like?仅询问某人的长相
what do(does) sb. like?问某人喜欢什么
练习：
一、单项选择
1. We’ll try our best to do the work with ___ money ___ people.
A. few, little B. a few, a little
C. less, fewer D. fewer, less
2. Now more and more Chinese people are ___ enough to buy cars.
A. rich B. weak C. poor D. strong
3. What about ___ football?
A. to play B. play C. playing D. play
4. - Look! This sweater is beautiful.
-___.
A. Why not try it on B. Why not try on it
C. Why not trying it on D. Why not trying on it
5. What will you do if it ___ tomorrow?
A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining
6. The more , the ___.
A. good B. best C. better D. well
7. Max has a good sense ___ humor.
A. of B. with C. to D. for
8. Bill’s mother never goes to bed ___ he is back from school.
A. until B. as C. since D. if
9. -I think Miss Smith must be in her office. I have some question to ask her.
-No, she ___ be there. I’ve just been there.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. won’t
10. Usually, Betty ___ colorful T-shirts in summer.
A. wears B. is dressed
C. is wearing D. dresses
11. -Would you like some more tea? _____ , please.
A. No more B. Just a little
C. I’ve had enough D. Yes, I would
12. Let’s stop ___. I know a good restaurant near here.
A. to have a meal B. to have a rest
C. having a rest D. having a meal
13. -Mum, may I have some cakes?
-Sorry, there’s ___ left in the box. I’ll go and buy some for you tonight.
A. nothing B. no one
C. no D. none
14. I was born in Xuzhou ___ 4th May 1964.
A. at B. in C. on D. from
15. The weather in Beijing is colder in winter than ___ in Hainan.
A. it B. that C. this D. one
16. Kate likes to work ___ children.
A. for B. with C. to D. of
17. His works made us ___.
A. to laugh B. laugh C. laughing D. laughed
18. Do you ___ singing an English song?
A. want B. would like C. feel like D. want to
19. I think Kate is better for playing basketball, because
She is ___ than Jenny.
A. shorter B. quieter C. taller D. fatter
20. My sister is as ___ at maths as me. She often gets ___ grades.
A. well, good B. better, had
C. well, well D. good, good
Keys: 1------5 CACAB 6------10 CAAAA 11-----15 BADCB 16-----20 BBCCD
二、词汇
A．根据中文提示完成单词
1. I am _______(乐意) to share a room with ma sister .
2. Tom has poor __________(视力) because of working on the computer too much at night.
3. He is too ________ (紧张的) to answer my questions.
4. I feel really ________ (不舒服的) when they talk me .
5. I hope you can give me some _________(建议)
B.用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. Playing football is ________ (healthy) than watching TV.
2. It took me _________ (little) than a week to finish the work.
3. He tells _________ (fun) jokes and always makes me laugh .
4. I will be happy if I can make people_________(happy) again.
5. I like her bright , _________ (smile) eyes.
C.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. I want _______ (tell) you my friend Betty.
2. Li Lei always make us _________ (laugh) .
3. He often ________(knock) our books and pens off the desk.
4. My mother is a good cook . She is good at _______ (cook).
5. I will go to the park if it ______ (not rain) tomorrow.
Keys: A: 1. willing 2. eyesight 3. nervous 4. uncomfortable 5. advice
B: 1. healthier 2. less 3. funny 4.happy 5. smiling
C: 1. to tell 2. laugh 3. knocks 4. cooking 5. doesn’t rain
【Grammar】
形容词的比较级和最高级
形容词比较级
(一)一般句式的构成： A + is / are+ 形容词比较级+ than + B
A 是主格 B 是宾格
如： She is taller than me.
主格 形容词比较级 宾格
（二）英语形容词比较级的构成
英语形容词比较等级有三个：原级，比较级和最高级。
形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种。
规则变化
1）单音节词末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）
【例】 原级 比较级 最高级
great greater greatest
small smaller smallest
clean cleaner cleanest
2）单音节如以e结尾，只加-r（比较级），-st（最高级）
【例】 fine finer finest
wide
wide wider widest
3）闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）
【例】 big bigger biggest
hot hotter hottest
red redder reddest
4）少数以-y，-er，ow，-ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）。以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为-i，再加-er和-est。以-e结尾的词只加-r和-st。
【例】 clever cleverer cleverest
narrow narrower narrowest
able abler ablest
easy easier easiest
5）其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most。
【例】 careful more careful most careful
difficult more difficult most difficult
delicious more delicious most delicious
不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
注：有些形容词一般没有比较等级。如： right, wrong, woolen等。
形容词的比较等级的用法：比较级用于二者的比较。
【例】 Li Ping is older than Wang Hai. 李平比王海年纪大。
There are more students in Class One than in Class Two.一班比二班学生多。
二、形容词的比较级用法
1. 表一方超过另一方用“比较级 + than…”
E.g He is taller than me.
2.“the +比较级, the+比较级 越…, 越…
E.g. 1) 越多越好。the more, the better
2) 越少越坏。The less, the worse
3) 越晚越危险。The later, the more dangerous
3. “more and more +原级” (只用于以“more”构成比较级的词) 意为“越来越......”
E.g. 1) 他的鞋子越来越脏。His shoes are_______________________
2) 衣服越来越贵。Clothes are
4.“the + 比较级 + of 两者” 表示“在两者中较…
E.g. Lily is _____________ (short) of the two girls.
5. 为免重复，在than后常用one(s), that, those等词来替代前面提到过的名词。
E.g. The weather there is better than _____ in Nanjing.
A. one B. it C. that D. Those
6. 在比较级前可用 much, even, a little, a lot,far等来修饰
E.g. Now the air in our hometown is ______ than it was before.
A. much better B. more worse C. more better D. much worst
“Which/Who is+比较级， A or B?”意为“A和B哪一个/谁更......?”
“比较级+ than any other+单数名词”或“比较级+ than the other+复数名词”意为“比其他......都要......”
E.g. Spring is the best season.
=Spring is better ____ _.
=Spring is better _____ ____ _____ _______ .
三、adj.最高级的用法
1.三者或以上相比, 表示最高程度用 “the/one’s + 最高级+ of/among/in … ”
in表示环境范围，其后的名词与主语不是同一概念范畴；
of表示对象范畴，其后的名词与主语是同一概念范畴。
among通常接代词宾格、指示代词these, those以及没有数词修饰的复数名词
2. one of +the +最高级+复数名词“最…之一”
E.g. The hair clip is one of _______________ (pretty) among those ones.
He was one of _______________(fast) _____________(swim).
3.最高级+范围=比较级+than any other +单数名词 =比较级+than the other +复数名词
E.g. Max is the tallest boy in our class
=Max is taller than any other boy in our class.
=Max is taller than the other boys in our class.
4.the second/third/fourth…+最高级表示“第几……”
E.g. Millie is the third tallest in her class.
E.g. Huanghe is shorter than Changjiang, but longer than the other rivers in China.
= Huanghe is ______ _______ ________ river in China.
5. “Which/Who+系动词+the+最高级，A，B or C” 意为“A 、B 和C哪一个最......?”
【注意】(1). He is _________ (tall) of the 3 students. He is _________ (tall) of the 2 students.
(2) Which is +比较级, A or B? Which is+最高级,A, B or C?
(3) Beijing is bigger than ____D___ city in China. Beijing is bigger than ___B___ city in Jiangsu.
A. all the other B. any C. other D. any other
Unit 2知识点
1. why don’t sb. do sth.?= why not do sth.?
2. what’s school like? It’s like watching TV.
be like doing sth. (like 介词，介词+doing)
3. an advertisement 一则广告 few/many advertisements
4. I’d love/like to,but ... I’m sorry,but...
5. in Year 8 (Year Eight) 名词+基数词（首字母都要大写）= in Grade Eight= in the eighth grade
一般情况下：名词+基数词（首字母都要大写）= the +序数词+名词 （首字母小写）
E.g. Lesson One = the first lesson
6. a mixed school 一所男女生混合的学校
7. have lessons 上课
8. Learning foreign languages is fun. 动名词做主语，谓语动词用单数
fun n.乐趣；娱乐活动；嬉戏，嬉闹；有趣的事 adj.使人愉快的；开心的
funny adj.滑稽的，可笑的
what (great/good) fun! have fun （in）doing it is fun to do (都不要冠词）
9. borrow “借入” lend “借出”
borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物 lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人
10.seem to do sth. 似乎做某事 seem (to be) +adj.
E.g. He seems（to be) unhappy today.他今天似乎不高兴。
11. offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物
12. an article 一篇文章 what else = what other things
13. any other +名词单数= the other +名词复数 any other boy = the other boys
14. spend ... on sth. / (in) doing sth. 花费......做某事
15. wear uniforms 穿着校服 wear ties 打着领带
16. do morning exercises 做早操 exercise “锻炼”不可数，其余都可数
17. have (some time )off 休息（一段时间）
18. have time for something “有时间做某事”
19. go on a school trip 进行一次学校旅行
20. half an hour 半小时 three hours and a half= three and a half hours 三个半小时
21. have an English test 进行一次英语测试 read newspapers and magazines 读报刊杂志
22. at weekends= at a weekend=on weekends= on a weekend 在周末
练习
一、单项选择题
( ) 1. People in the UK say “lorry” while people in the USA say “ ”.
A. hall B. elevator C. truck D. soccer
( ) 2. If it next Sunday, you still the Great Wall?
A. will rain; do; visit B. will snow; will; visit
C. rains; do; visit D. rains; will visit
( ) 3. He always looks . Now he’s looking at his new drawing.
A. happy; happily B. happy; happy C. happily; happily D. happily; happy
( ) 4. What’s your best friend like?
A. He is fine. Thank you. B. He is a doctor.
C. He likes watching TV. D. He is helpful and generous.
( ) 5. Chinese students have weeks in the summertime than American students.
A. more; on B. fewer; on C. more; off D. less; off
( ) 6. I have money than you, but I have friends than you.
A. more; more B. less; more C. fewer; more D. more; less
( ) 7. I feel ______ because my job is too ______.
A. bored, boring B. bored, bored C. boring, boring D. boring, bored
( ) 8. –What makes you so ________ today, Jack? It is your first day of school.
--Because my teacher says I am ________ honest boy.
A. happily; an B. happily; a C. happy; a D. happy; an
( ) 9. Mr Fat has _______ money than Mr Thin, but he has _______ friends.
A. more, fewer B. more, less C. fewer, more D. less, less
( ) 10. The taxi is going faster than the bus.
A. very B. much C. more D. most
( ) 11. This problem is ________ that one.
A. not as easy as B. more easy than
C. not as easier as D. not easier than
( ) 12. Yao Ming is one of ________ basketball stars in the USA.
A. much popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular
( ) 13. Nancy spent half an hour ________ the piano every day.
A. to practice playing B. practising playing
C. practising to play D. to practise to play
( ) 14. ----Would you please not smoke here? Look at the sign. ---- ________.
A. No, I will B. Yes, I will C. Sorry, I will D. Sorry, I won’t
( ) 15. My little brother is generous ___his friends.
He’d like to share toys ____ them.
A. for, to B. to, with C. to, for D. for, with
( ) 16. Please do the exercises as _____as you can in the English exam.
A. well B. good C. better D. best
( ) 17. Mike’s father always makes him _____ some housework on Sundays.
A. to do B. doing C. do D. does
( ) 18. Mum, I am so hungry. Could I have _____________?
A. anything eating B. anything to eat
C. something eating D. something to eat
( ) 19. My hometown is ____________ beautiful than his.
A. very much B. more much C. much more D. very more
( ) 20. A lot of people tried their best, but ______ people won the prize.
A. a few
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