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英语六级阅读解析 第一套 Section A
In the past 12 months, Nigeria has suffered from a shrinking economy, a sliding currency, and a prolonged fuel shortage. Now, Africa’s largest in facing a food crisis as major tomato fields have
been destroyed by an insect, leading to a nationwide shortage and escalating prices.
The insect, Tutaabsoluta, has destroyed 80% of farms in Kaduna, Nigeria’s largest tomato producing state, leading the government there to declare a state of 26. The insect, also known as the tomato leaf miner, devastates crops by 27 on fruits and digging into and moving through stalks. It 28 incredibly quickly, breeding up to 12 generations per year if conditions are favorable. It is believed to have 29 in South America in the early 1900s, and later spread to Europe before crossing over to sub-Saharan Africa.
In Nigeria, where tomatoes are a staple of local diets,the insects effects are devastating. Retail prices for a 30 of tomatoes at local markets have risen from $0. 50 to $2.50. Farmers are reporting steep losses and a new $20 million tomato-paste factory has 31 production due to the shortages.
Given the moth’s ability also to attack crops like pepper and potatoes, Audu Ogbeh, Nigeria’s minister of agriculture, has warned that the pest may “create serious problems for food 32 "in the country. Ogbeh says experts are investigating how to control the pest’s damage and prevent its spread, which has gone largely 33 until now.
Despite being the continents second-largest producer of tomatoes, Nigeria is 34 on $1 billion worth of tomato-paste imports every year. as around 75% of the local harvest goes to waste thanks to a lack of proper storage facilities. A further 35 in local supplies is yet another unwelcome setback to the industry.
试题解析：英语六级考试阅读第一项是15选10，15选10的题目做题的第一步是将题目中的15个单词进行词性分类，我们按照5类来分，名词，动词，形容词，副词，和分词，因为分词做的成分有很多种，所以我们必须将其单独分成一类，而且分类的内容里面会出现交叉分类，什么意思呢，就是我们俗称叫做一词多性和一词多意，因为有的单词可能有多种词性和词义，我们也最好分门别类的标记一下。以下是我对15个单词词性和词义的划分和添加。
A)dependent 形容词：依靠的，依赖的，固定搭配 be dependent on …
B)Embarking 分词：上船
C)Emergency 名词：紧急情况
D)feeding 分词：喂
E)grazes 动词：放牧，吃草，吃零食，擦过
F)halted 分词或动词过去式：停止
G)handful 名词：一把 固定搭配 a handful of
H)multitude 名词：大量 固定搭配 a multitude of
I)originated 分词或动词过去式：起源 originate from
J) reduction 名词：减少量，简化
K) reproduces 动词：复制
L) security 名词：安全
M)terror 名词：恐惧
N) unchecked 形容词：不加约束的
O) unchecked 形容词：不加约束的
名词：C/G/H/J/L/M
动词：E/K/F/I
形容词：A/N/O
副词：无
分词：B/D/F/I
第二步，我们分析每个空的词性是什么，如果可以分析出词性，就可以将上述内容对号入座。这个分析的过程是通过词法知识进行的。
In the past 12 months, Nigeria has suffered from a shrinking economy, a sliding currency, and a prolonged fuel shortage. Now, Africa’s largest in facing a food crisis as major tomato fields have
been destroyed by an insect, leading to a nationwide shortage and escalating prices.
The insect, Tutaabsoluta, has destroyed 80% of farms in Kaduna, Nigeria’s largest tomato producing state, leading the government there to declare a state of 26(emergence).
解析：首先确定词性，a state of，介词后面是名词。其次，根据语义和搭配：这种昆虫毁掉了K地方的80%的农场，导致政府宣布进入紧急状态。根据上下文态度，这种状态是一种负向的态度。所以排除正向含义的名词类选项。最终根据语义，紧急状况是最佳选择。因为摧毁农场是事态紧急的象征。
The insect, also known as the tomato leaf miner, devastates crops by 27(feeding) on fruits and digging into and moving through stalks.
解析：根据上下文，27里面必须填写doing的形式，因为前后有and并列两个doing，然后根据搭配和语义，feed一般和on搭配，feeding on fruit，以水果为食，是更好的语义和搭配的诠释。
It 28(reproduces) incredibly quickly, breeding up to 12 generations per year if conditions are favorable.
解析：28这个空应该是填动词，因为缺少动词是不能叫句子的，所以填动词。根据下面的breed繁殖，孕育这个单词，我发现28必须也填一个和生育繁殖有关的词。所以填reproduces
It is believed to have 29(orignated) in South America in the early 1900s, and later spread to Europe before crossing over to sub-Saharan Africa.
解析：29这个空前面是have，证明这个空必须填写done的形式的词，或者填名词，但是根据六级考试15选10的考试规律，have后面几乎没有出现过填名词的可能性，所以填done是万无一失的，根据语义，据说他产地在南美，有追根溯源的感觉，所以我们选择orignated
In Nigeria, where tomatoes are a staple of local diets,the insects effects are devastating. Retail prices for a 30 of tomatoes at local markets have risen from $0. 50 to $2.50.
解析：30这个空是填一个名词，根据固定搭配原则 a ___ of，只能选两个，第一个是a handful of少量，第二个是a multitude of大量，但是根据上下文关系，由于昆虫的影响，番茄的数量有所下滑，所以应该是少量而不是大量，所以我们选择 a handful of
Farmers are reporting steep losses and a new $20 million tomato-paste factory has 31 production due to the shortages.
解析：has后发是done过去分词形式，还剩下一个过去分词，肯定是halted，带入语义完整，一个番茄酱的工厂，停止生产番茄酱，由于番茄短缺造成的，所以停止填空，更符合语义。
Given the moth’s ability also to attack crops like pepper and potatoes, Audu Ogbeh, Nigeria’s minister of agriculture, has warned that the pest may “create serious problems for food 32 "in the country.
解析：for后面接的是名词，food是名词，所以food后面一定是名词，因为名词可以修饰名词，food名词修饰后方名词，所以名词里面根据上下语义关系，填写内容是food security，食品安全，这种昆虫可能导致食品安全的严重问题。
Ogbeh says experts are investigating how to control the pest’s damage and prevent its spread, which has gone largely 33 until now.
解析：gone是go的过去分词，go是不及物动词，所以go后面要么是副词要么是形容词，但是后面largely已经是副词，所以go是半系动词，go后面是副词修饰的形容词，形容词里面根据语义只能选择N，unchecked无拘无束
Despite being the continents second-largest producer of tomatoes, Nigeria is 34 on $1 billion worth of tomato-paste imports every year.
解析：34这个空前面是系动词后面是介词，中间只能填写两种，一种是形容词，一种是过去分词，所以过过去分词用完了，只剩下形容词，根据前后搭配和语义，填写be dependent on
as around 75% of the local harvest goes to waste thanks to a lack of proper storage facilities. A further 35 in local supplies is yet another unwelcome setback to the industry.
解析：35根据前后判断，后面是介词短语，前方further是形容词，所以35填写名词，名词还有两个reduction和terror，根据语义是填写reduction，当地供应的减少，而不是当地供应的恐惧
英语六级阅读解析 第一套 Section B
who’s really addicting you to Technology?
A."Nearly everyone i know is addicted in some measure to the internet, "wrote tony Schwartz in The New York Times. its a common complaint these days. A steady stream of similar headlines accuse the net and its offspring apps, social media sites and online games of addicting us to distraction
B.Theres little doubt that nearly everyone who comes in contact with the net has difficulty concentration than it takes to post a status update. as one person ironically put it in the comments section of Schwartzs online article, "As I was reading this very excellent article.I stopped at least half a dozen times to cheek my email.
C.Theres something different about this technology: it is both invasive and persuasive. but whos at fault for its overuse? To find solutions, its important to understand what we’re dealing with.There are four parties conspiring to keep you connected the tech, your boss, your friends and you.
D.The technologies themselves and their makers, are the easiest suspects to blame for our diminishing attention spans. Nicholas Carr,author of The Shallows: what the internet is doing Our brains, wrote, The net is designed to be an interruption system, a machine geared to dividing attention.
E.Online services like Facebook, twitter and the like, are called out of manipulation--making, products so good that people cant stop using them. after studying these products for several years, I wrote a book about how they do it. I learned it all starts with the business model. since these services rely on advertising revenue, The more frequently you use money they make.It’s no winder these companies employ teams of people focused on engineering their services to be as engaging as possible. these products arent habit-forming by chance; its by design. they have an incentive to keep us hooked.
F.However, as good as these services are, there are simple steps we can take to keep them at bay.For example, we can change how often we receive the distracting notifications that trigger our urge to check.According to adam marchick, ceo of mobile marketing company kahuna, less than 15 percent of smart phone users ever bother to adjust their notification settlings--meaning the remaining 85 percent of us default to the app makers every preset trigger.Google and Apple have made it far too difficult to adjust these settings so its up to us to take steps ensure we set these triggers to suit our own needs, not the needs of the app makers.
G.While companies like Facebook harvest attention to generate revenue from advertisers, other technologies have no such agenda. take email, for example. this system couldnt care less how often you use it. Yet to many, email is the most habit-forming medium of all.We check email at all hours of the day--were obsessed, but why? Because thats what the boss wants.For almost all white-collar jobs, A slow Response to a message could hurt not only your reputation but also your livelihood.
H.Your friends are also responsible.Think about this familiar scene.People gathered around a table, enjoying food and each others company. theres laughter and a bit of kidding. Then, during an interval in the conversation, someone takes out their phone to check who knows what.Barely anyone notices and no one says a thing.
I. Now imagine the same dinner,but instead of checking their phone, the person belches(打嗝) -loudly.Everyone notices. unless the meal takes place in a beer house, this is considered bad manners. The impolite act violates the basic rules of etiquette. one has to wonder why don’t we apply the same social norms to checking phones during meals, meetings and conversations as we do to other antisocial behaviors somehow, we accept it and say nothing when someone offends.
J.The reality is taking ones phone out at the wrong time is worse than belching because, unlike other minor offense, checking tech is contagious. once one person looks at their phone,other people feel compelled to do the same, starting a chain reaction. the more people are on their phones, the fewer people are talking until finally you are the only one left not reading email or checking twitter. from a societal perspective, phone checking is less like belching in public and more like another bad habit. our phones are like cigarettes-something to do when were bored or when our fingers need something to toy with seeing others enjoy a smoke,or sneak a quick glance, is too tempting to resist and soon everyone is doing it.
K.The technology, your boss, and your friends, all influence how often you find yourself using (or overusing )these gadgets. but theres still someone who deserves scrutiny--the person holding the phone.
L.I have a confession. even though i study habit-forming technology for a living, disconnecting is not easy for me.Im online far more than Id like like Schwartz and so many others, I often find myself distracted and off tack.I wanted to know why so i began self-monitoring to try to understand my behavior. thats when i discovered an uncomfortable truth. i use technology as an escape. when Im doing something Id rather not do, or when Im someplace Id rather not attention was often a good thing, like when passing time on public transportation, but frequently my tech use was not so benign. when i faced difficult work, like thinking through an article idea or editing the same draft for the hundredth time, for example, a more sinister screen would draw me in. i could easily escape discomfort. temporarly. by answering email or browsing ing the web under the pretense of so-called"research. "though I desperately wanted to lay blame elsewhere, i finally had to admit that my bad habits had less to do with new-age.technology and more to do with old-fashioned procrastination(拖延)
M.its easy to blame technology for being so distracting, but distraction is nothing new. Aristotle and Socrates dehated nature of“akrasia”--our tendency to do things against our interests. If were honest with ourselves, tech is just another way to occupy our time and minds,if we weren’ t on our devices.We’d likely do similarly unproductive.
N.personal technology is indeed more engaging than ever, and theres no doubt companies are engineering their products and services to be more compelling and attractive but would want it any other way the intended result of making something better is that people use it more. thats not necessarily a problem, thats progress.
O.These improvements dont mean we shouldnt attempt to control our use of technology.In order to make sure it doesnt control us, we should come to terms with the fact that its more than the technology itself that’s responsible for our habits. our workplace culture, social norms and individual behaviors all play a part to put technology in its place, we must be conscious not only of how technology is changing, but also of how it is changing us.
解析：做这个题目第一步是将10道题目的里面画出关键信息，一般我们会画以下几种关键信息：专有词汇，超纲词汇，偏正短语，并列结构，数字，调查研究，特殊人物等。然后画完10道题目之后，再和原文进行对照，两点甚至三点重合确定正确匹配段落。
E 36.Online services are so designed that the more they are used, the more profit they
generate.
E.Online services like Facebook, twitter and the like, are called out of manipulation--making, products so good that people cant stop using them. after studying these products for several years, I wrote a book about how they do it. I learned it all starts with the business model. since these services rely on advertising revenue, The more frequently you use, money they make.It’s no winder these companies employ teams of people focused on engineering their services to be as engaging as possible. these products arent habit-forming by chance; its by design. they have an incentive to keep us hooked.
解析：信息匹配点
Online services=On line services
the more they are used, the more profit they generate=the more frequently you use, money they make
L 37.The author admits using technology as an escape from the task at hand.
L.I have a confession. even though i study habit-forming technology for a living, disconnecting is not easy for me.Im online far more than Id like like Schwartz and so many others, I often find myself distracted and off tack. I wanted to know why so i began self-monitoring to try to understand my behavior. thats when i discovered an uncomfortable truth. i use technology as an escape. when Im doing something Id rather not do, or when Im someplace Id rather not attention was often a good thing, like when passing time on public transportation, but frequently my tech use was not so benign. when i faced difficult work, like thinking through an article idea or editing the same draft for the hundredth time, for example, a more sinister screen would draw me in. i could easily escape discomfort. temporarly. by answering email or browsing ing the web under the pretense of so-called"research. "though I desperately wanted to lay blame elsewhere, i finally had to admit that my bad habits had less to do with new-age.technology and more to do with old-fashioned procrastination(拖延)
解析：信息匹配点
admits=admit
using technology as an escape=use technology as an escape
I 38.Checking phones at dinners is now accepted as normal but not belching
I. Now imagine the same dinner,but instead of checking their phone, the person belches(打嗝) -loudl
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