小学英语语法连词介词.doc

,. 小学英语语法 连词、介词 （一）、Grammar Part one 介词 一、 什么是介词 用来表示句子中某一个词或短语与另外一个词或短语之间的关系的词。 二、 介词的用法 考点一：表示时间的介词 in, on, at的用法 in表示在某一时间段，常用在月、年、季节以及泛指的上午、下午或晚上 如：in 2013 in January in summer in the morning on表示在具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上 如：on Tuesday on February 5th on the morning of August 8th at表示在某一时间点 如：at 10:20 at night at lunchtime 小贴士： 1.for表示持续一段时间，后接表示一段时间的名词，多于完成时态连用 2.当表示时间的单词前有this，that, next, last, every, each, some, any, all时，介词应省略 考点二：表示地点的介词 in, at, on的用法 in表示较大的地方，也可表示“在......之内” 如： in Nanjing in America in the garden at表示较小的地方，也可表示“在......处” 如：at the station at the party at home on表示与某物表面接触，也可表示在某物之上 如： on the moon on the ground on the right on the farm 考点三：表示方向的介词 from, to, for from表示起点，意为“从......来” 如：Mr. Green comes from England. I’ve got a Christmas present from my parents to表示终点，强调动作的目的地 如：Let’s go to school. He is walking up to the door. for表示目的地的方向，意为“往.......去” 如：Is this train for Beijing？ 考点四：表示方式的介词 with, in with表示使用某种工具、身体某部位来做某事 如：I wash my hands with water. We see with our eyes and listen with our ears. in表示使用某种语言如：Can you say it in English? 一、填上合适的介词 1. There is a supermarket _________ my house. 2. Gao Shan is ______ duty today. 3. Liu Tao often helps me ________ my study. 4. My birthday is ________ October 21. 5. There are lots of apples _______ the tree. 6. I like reading and I can learn a lot ______ it. 7. I can’t find the basketball. Maybe it’s ______ the door. 8. I can buy some flowers _______ you. 9. I get up ______ seven _______ the morning. 10. Jack, please look _______ your things. 二、根据中文提示，完成下列句子 1. 墙上有许多标志。 There _________ a lot of __________ ___________ the wall. 2. 你可以把我们学校的情况告诉他。 You can _________ him _________ our school. 3. 他们正在谈论周末计划。 They are talking ________ their plans _________ the weekend. 4. 南京夏天热吗？ __________ it hot _____________ Nanjing ________ summer? 5. 你们能在邮局前面乘8路公交车。 You can ________ bus No. 8 ________ _______ ________ the post office. Part two连词 一、 什么是连词 在句子中起连接作用，可以使词、短语或句子连接起来形成一定关系的词。 二、 连词的用法 考点一：并列连词 （1） and：“和，并且”表示并列 （2） both...and: “两者都......”表示连接 （3） or: “或者，还是”表示选择 （4） but: “但是”表示转折 （5） not only... but also...: “不但......而且......”表示并列，但说话中心侧重后者 考点二：从属连词 （1） because: “因为”，表示原因，提问时用why （2） when: “当......时候”，引导时间状语从句 小贴士 1. 在并列结构中，and通常用于肯定句，or则用于否定疑问句。 2. not only...bet also...在连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的形式与but also后面的主语保持一致。 3. 在英语中，because 与so不能连用，二者只用其一。 一、 用适当的连词完成下列句子 1． He often helps them, ___________ he feels happy. 2． You can watch it, _______ you can’t touch it. 3． Which is bigger, this one _________ that one? 4． Both my father ________ my mother are doctors. 5． ---Why are you absent today? ---________ I can’t catch the bus. 6． Li Ming jumps farther _______ Liu Tao. 二、 同义句转换 1. We should learn from books and we should learn from teachers. We should learn ___________from books __________ from teachers. 2. Men will die without air and water. Men can’t live without air _____ water. 3. Helen and Nancy were born in the same year. Helen is _________ _________ ________ Nancy. 4. She was ill, so she wasn’t at school. __________ she was ill, she wasn’t at school. 一、 单项选择 ( )1. I have got a present. It is _________ my mother. A. from B. for C. to D. of ( )2. Do you know the girl ______ red? A. in B. with C. of D. to ( )3. I can see many trees ________ the classroom. A. in front of B. in the front of C. in front D. in the front ( )4. What’s wrong ________ you. A. for B. of C. with D. in ( )5. Hurry up. It’s time ______ class. A. in B. for C. of D. to ( )6. She stood up ________ went out. A. and B. or C. so D. but ( )7. Who is right, Jacky ________ John? A. and B. but C. so D. or ( )8. He is clever, ________ he is lazy. A. but B. and C. so D. or ( )9. It is raining outside, _______ I have to stay at home. A. so B. and C. but D. or ( )10. _______ my father _______ my mother are teachers A. Neither, or B. Both, and C. Either, or D. Not, but ( )11. Be quick, _______ you’ll miss the train. A. but B. and C. or D. so 二、 用下面方框中的介词填空。（可重复使用） at, with, for, out, to, like, in Mr. Black is a very old man. Every morning he goes ______ a walk in the park. And he comes back ________ ten thirty for his lunch _______ the middle of the day. But today a car stops __________ his house at eleven o’clock. Two policemen help him get __________. One of them says ______ Mr Black’s daughter, “The old man can’t find his way home in the park. He asks us to take him home ______ the car.” The daughter thanks the policemen _______ that. After they leave, she asks her father, “Dad, you go to the park every day. But today you can’t find the way. What’s wrong ______ you?” The old man smiles ______ a child and says, “Of course I can find my way home. But I don’t want to walk home, you know.” 三、 改错 ( )1. Both you and she has the same hobby. _____________ A B C D ( )2. Not only you but also Helen like collecting stamps. _____________ A B C D ( )3. Who jumps higher, Mike and David? _____________ A B C D ( )4. Because she was ill, so she was absent. _____________ A B C D ( )5. This present is as nicer as that one. _____________ A B C D （二）语法知识拓展 扩充连词的用法 1. both …and 两者都 She plays (both) the piano and the guitar. 2. neither…nor 意思为"既不……也不……"，谓语动词采用就近原则, 与nor后的词保持一致。 Neither you nor he is to blame. 3. either......or...... 或者......或者......; 要么......要么...... 谓语动词采用就近原则 Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 4. not only…but (also) 不但......而且....... 谓语动词采用就近原则 Not only you but she likes reading. 5. so......that...... 如此以至于 He is so kind that everybody likes him. such......that...... 如此以至于 He is such a kind man that everybody likes him. 即学即练 ( )1. Speak slowly, ＿＿＿ we can understand you. A. and B. or C. if D. because ( )2. We had _______ bad weather yesterday evening _________there were few people on the street . A. such ; that B. such a ; C. so ; that D. so a ; that ( )3. _______ Lucy _________ Lily likes Chinese, but their Chinese is poor. A. Both ; and B. Not only ; but also C. Either ; or D. Neither ; not ( )4. ---I think ______ Jack_______Dick are suitable for the job. I really can’t decide who to choose . ---If I were you ,Dick would be a better choice. A. both; and B. either; or C. not only; but also D.so; that ( )5. I’ve no time to talk with you .You may ______stay here______go with me . A. both ; and B. either; or C. neither ;nor D. not only ; but also （三）Reading Photo fun Photo machines are fun and popular. They let one, two, or even five people take photos together. Then, people add designs to the pictures. The result can be very cute and funny. The machine prepares the photos very quickly – in just a minute or so. Friends love to take pictures together. They also like to give photos to other friends. People collect many of the small photos in plastic holders. Vocabulary Practice Write the correct word in each blank. machine cute prepare collect plastic 1. I often __________ lunch for my brother and sister. 2. Your little dog is so __________. 3. My friends all __________ sports cards. 4. A computer is an incredible ________________. Reading Practice Choose the best answer. ( ) 1. _________ people can take photos together. A. Five B. Only one or two C. Less than five D. Fifty ( ) 2. The article does NOT say people can _________. A. take photos with friends B. add designs to their photos C. get their photos quickly D. get plastic holders from the photo machines ( ) 3. What does “or so” mean? A. About B. Exactly C.And more D.At that time ( ) 4. Which of the following is true? A. People don’t like to share their photos. B. It’s hard to collect small photos C. It takes about 60 seconds to get the photos from the machine D. The photo machines choose the design of the photos. Language Practice Combine the two sentences into one sentence. 1. The cars are new. The cars are expensive. _______________________________________________________________ 2. We can go to Japan. Or, we can go to Korea. _______________________________________________________________ 3. Lisa works at a coffee shop. The coffee shop is in another city. _______________________________________________________________ New words: machine n. 机器 popular adj. 流行的 add v. 加 design v. 设计 result n. 结果 cute adj. 可爱的 prepare v. 准备 plastic adj. 塑料的 holder n. 支持物 阅读练习： 完形填空（建议5分钟） Rose and Martin are ____1____ Canada. They are good friends. They __2____ fishing. They ___3___ dance. Rose likes Chinese very much. Martin likes maths. They ___4__ school five or six days a week. They play games ___5____ Tuesday and Thursday. They stay ____6____ home on Saturday and Sunday. They have two Chinese friends. ____7___ names are Li Lei and Wang Lin. All of them are in ___8___ same class. They like their school. They __9____, “The Chinese people are very friendly, the food is nice, ____10___.” ( ) 1. A. to B. of C. from D. on ( ) 2. A. like B. can C. are D. would like ( ) 3.A. goes B. are C. would like D. can ( ) 4. A. goes to B. coming C. leave D. go to ( ) 5. A. at B. on C. of D. in ( ) 6. A. away B. out C. at D. in ( ) 7. A. His B. Their C. Our D. Theirs ( ) 8. A. / B. an C. the D. a ( ) 9. A. talk B. say C. speak D. tell ( ) 10. A. very B. too C. much D. many 根据短文内容完成句子（每空一词）(建议5分钟) Mrs. Williams is a Canadian doctor. She is now in Nanjing with her husband. Their children are in their hometown with their grandparents. She works in a hospital. She likes Chinese medicine very much. She wants to know much about Chinese medicine there. She works hard in the day in the hospital and reads English books on Chinese medicine at night. She learns Chinese from the Chinese doctors. Now she can speak some Chinese and read some Chinese, too. Her husband Mr. Williams is a manager(经理) of a big company. He works hard, too. He goes to work on weekdays. Sometimes, on Saturday and Sunday, he has to work. He is very busy. He has many things to do every day. 1. Mrs. Williams comes from __________. 2. Their children are staying at home with their ___________. 3. Now Mrs. Williams can speak _________ Chinese. 4. Mrs. Williams likes Chinese _________ very much. 5. From ________ to _______, Mr. Williams goes to work every day. (四)、Funny English A 生活小百科 ( )1. _________ is NOT written by Anderson. A. Red Shoes B. Cinderella（灰姑娘） C. Thumbelina（拇指姑娘） D. The Ugly Duckling ( )2. What kind of game do children play at Halloween? A. Snakes and Ladder B. Trick or Treat C. Hopscotch D. Tic Tac Toe ( )3. What does the Chinese word “年” mean at first. A. A chicken B. A person C.A monster D. A cock ( )4. Nanjing is known as the capital (都城) of ____dynasties(朝代) in the history. A. six B. seven C. eight D. nine ( )5. Which country is not one of the four civilized countries（文明古国）. A. China B. Egypt C. Japan D. India. B. 脑筋急转弯 1. He is not my uncle. But he is my grandpa’s son. Who is he? ___________ 2. What do you do first when you wake up in the morning?_____________ 3. Why is the river very rich? ___________________________ 4. Which hospital never treats（治疗）people? _________________ 5. What match can’t be put in a match- box? _________________ (五)、名校真题链接 一、单项选择 ( )1. He was angry ______ what I said. A. for B. with C. at D. on ( )2. I began to work here ______ March, 1978. A. in B. at C. on D. to ( )3. I go shopping ______ my mommy. A. with B. in C. and D. for ( )4. Father gives a nice present ______ me. A. with B. to C. in D. for ( )5. Christmas Day is ______ the twenty-fifth ______ December. A. on, in B. on, of C. in, of D. on, on ( )6. Look! There is a lovely bird singing ______ the tree. Yeah! There are also many apples ______ the tree. A. in, on B. in, in C. on, in D. on, on 二、用适当的连词填空 because and so or but 1. Lucy ______ I are good friends. 2. She is weak, ______ she never give up exercising. 3. Hurry up, ______ you will miss the last bus. 4. I buy a cat ______ my mother likes cat very much. 5. The sky is grey ______ I bring an umbrella. 三、用适当的介词填空 1. Every Monday I stay ______ home. 2. It is not cold here ______ winter. 3. We have four classes ______ the morning and two classes ______ the afternoon. 4. They will have an exam ______ Saturday afternoon. 5. Please answer my question ______ English. 6. There is no difference ______ the two shirts. 7. They will come back ______ two o’clock. 8. He is good ______ English. Homework ( )1. They are all new, ________ I’m not. A. and B. but C. so D. or ( )2. Is there a letter ______ a postcard ? There’s a letter. A. and B. or C. not D. but ( )3.The old woman can’t read ______ write. A. and B. or C. but D. and can ( )4. ____________ my classmates ________ our class teacher was there then. A. not only…but also… B. both… and… C. Neither… or… D. Either…nor… ( )5. Have one more try, ______ you will not succeed. A. and B. or C. then D. but ( )6. ____ you are ill, you should see the doctor right now. A. If B. Though C. Until D. Since ( )7. ______ the midnight he waited for his mother. A. Till B. Since C. Until D. At ( )8._____the men drivers ______ the woman driver have been to the village. A. Neither…nor… B. Both …and C. Either…or… D. None of…and… ( )9.She is the lady _______ helped the old woman yesterday. A. whom B. which C. what D. who ( )10. Lucy has seen the film , _______ Lily hasn’t . A. and B. or C. but D. so ( ) 11. _______ the morning of May 1st, we visited the old man. A. On B. At C. In D. With ( )12. Most people work ______ the day and sleep ______ night. A. on ; at B. in ; in C. in ; at D. on; on ( )13. Lin speaks English best ______ the boy students. A. between B. with C. on D. among ( )14. A wolf ____a sheepskin often makes us conf