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1、高二英语冠词的用法冀教版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容:冠词的用法冠词是一种虚词,用在名词或名词词组的前面。冠词可分为不定冠词和定冠词两种形式。不定冠词有a,an。定冠词有 the。其中,a 用在发音以辅音开头的名词之前,而 an 那么用在发音以元音开头的名词之前。二. 教学重点:一不定冠词的用法:1. 表示某一类人或某事物中的任何一个,经常用在第一次提到某人或某物时,用不定冠词起介绍作用,表示一个。I gave him a book yesterday. 我昨天给了他一本书。I am reading an interesting story. 我在读一本有趣的故事书。I have got a
2、 ticket. 我有一张票。There is a tree in front of my house. 我的屋前有一棵树。2. 表示人或事物的某一种类,强调整体,即以其中的一个代表一类。A horse is useful to mankind. 马对人类有用。A bird can fly. 鸟会飞。A steel worker makes steel. 炼钢工人炼钢。3. 不定冠词用在事物的“单位前,如时间,速度,价格等意义的名词之前,表示 “每一。We often go to school two times a day. 我们常常一天去两次。I went to the library o
3、nce a week at least. 我一星期至少去一次图书馆。The potato is sold at about 30 fen a jin. 土豆卖三毛钱一斤。4. 不定冠词用来指某人某物,但不具体说明任何人或任何物。A boy came to see you a moment ago. 刚刚有一个小孩来找你。I got this tool in a shop. 我在商店买的这件工具。We need a car now. 我们现在需要一辆车。She is ill, she has to see a doctor. 她病了,她得去看病。5. 不定冠词用于某些词组。a few 几个 a
4、little 有点 She has a few friends in this city. 她在这个城市中有几个朋友。There is a little milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有点牛奶。Only a few students are in the classroom. 只有几个学生在教室里。二定冠词的用法:1. 定冠词特指某些人或某些事物,以区别于同类中其他的人或事物。The bag in the desk is mine. 桌子里的书包是我的。Is this the book you are looking for? 这是你要找的书吗? Do you know the
5、 man in black? 你知道穿黑色衣服的人是谁吗? It is not the car we are looking for. 这不是我们要找的车。The man has found his child. 那个人找到了他的孩子。2. 定冠词用来指上文中已提到过的人或事物。I bought a book from Xinhua book-shop. The book costs 15 yuan. 我从新华书店买了一本书。这本书值十五元。I saw a film yesterday. The film was ended at eight oclock. 我昨天看了一场电影。电影八点钟结束
6、的。Lucy bought a radio yesterday, but she found something was wrong with the radio. 露西昨天买了一台收音机,但是她发现收音机有问题。3. 定冠词用于表示世界上独一无二的事物或用于自然界现象或方位名词之前。the sunthe moonthe earth the skythe worldthe winter night The sun is bigger than the moon. 太阳比月亮大。I can see a bird in the sky. 我能看到天空中有一只小鸟。I like to have a
7、walk with the bright moon light in the evening. 我喜欢晚上在明亮的月光下散步。4. 定冠词与单数名词连用,表示这一类人或事物。The dog is not too danger. 狗不太危险。The cat is an animal. 猫是一种动物。The umbrella in the shop is very cheap in this season. 这个季节商店里的雨伞很廉价。5. 定冠词与某些形容词连用,使形容词名词化,表示某一类人。the poor, the rich, the wounded, the sick, the deaf.
8、 The wounded were brought to the hospital. 受伤者被送到了医院。He always helps the poor. 他经常帮助穷人。The deaf can go to this special school. 耳聋者可以进这所特殊上学。6. 用在序数词,形容词最高级和表示方位的名词前。This is the biggest city in China I have ever visited. 这是我在中国参观的最大的城市。I saw a plane coming from the east. 我看见一架飞机从飞来。He is the last one
9、 to help me. 他是不会来帮助我的。7. 定冠词用在演奏乐器的名称和文艺活动,运动场所的名称前。The little girl likes to play the violin. 小女孩喜欢拉小提琴。They are going to the cinema tonight. 他们今晚要去电影院看电影。The theater was on fire last week. 剧院上周失火了。8. 定冠词用在报刊,杂志的名称之前。I am reading the China Daily now. 我现在正在读中国日报。Have you got the Evening Paper yet? 你
10、拿到晚报了吗? The Thames is a foreign newspaper. 泰晤士报是一家外国报纸。The Peking Review is on the desk. 周报在桌子上放着。9. 定冠词用在江河,海洋,山脉,群岛的名称之前。We live near the Yellow River. 我们住在黄河边上。The Changjiang River is the biggest one in China. 长江是中国最大的河。The Himalayas is located in Tibet. 喜马拉雅山位于。10. 定冠词用在复数的The Greens is very kin
11、d to us. 格林一家人待我们很好。The Whites like the classic music. 怀特一家喜欢古典音乐。三不用冠词的场合:1. 专有名词,抽象名词和物质名词之前一般不用冠词。China is a largest country in the world. 中国是世界上一个最大的国家。I think water is a kind of food, too. 我认为水也是一种食物。Cotton feels soft. 棉花摸起来柔软。2. 表示日常餐食的名词之前不用冠词,但如果指具体的饮食时用定冠词 the。Its time for breakfast. 该吃早饭了。
12、What do you have for lunch? 你午饭吃点什么? The dinner I had at that restaurant was expensive. 我在那家饭店吃的饭很贵。3. 在季节,月份,星期,节日,球类运动,棋类游戏的名词之前不用冠词。Summer is hot and winter is cold here. 这儿夏天热冬天冷。New Years Day is coming. 新年就要到啦。Today is the first day of May. 今天是五月的第一天。We are going to play basketball this afterno
13、on. 今天下午我们要去打篮球。We dont like bridge very much. 我们不太喜欢桥牌。4. 语言的名称前不用冠词。Can you speak English? 你会讲英语吗? Its difficult to learn Chinese well. 要学好中文很难。Tom knows English but he doesnt know French. 汤姆懂英语但不懂法语。5. 某些固定词组不用冠词。by air, on foot, at night, after school, at home, go to class, in fact, from morning
14、 till night. Im going to Chicago by air next week. 下周我要乘飞机去芝加哥。I go to school on foot. 我步行去上学。In fact, I dont know him at all. 实际上,我一点也不认识他。He is at home today. 他今天在家。【模拟试题】1. He takes_ active part in_ sports.A. the; the B. the;/ C. an;/ D./;the2. The teacher came into the classroom, _dictionary und
15、er_ arm.A. a; a B. an; a C. the; the D./;/3. A doctor told me to take _medicine three times a day, stay in _bed, then I would be better soon.A. a; the B. a; / C. the; / D. /; a4. The southerners usually have _rice for_ lunch.A. the;the B. /; a C. /; / D. the;5. _Einsteins did manage to send _Einstei
16、n to a technical school.A. /;/ B. An; an C. The; / D. The; an6. _snow is white. The snow that covers the top of the mountain is _ beautiful sight.A. The; the B. /; / C. /; a D. /; the7. Well wait for you at the gate of _school on _National Day.A. the; the B. the;/ C. a; / D. a; a8. _students in our
17、school are mostly from_ north. A. The; / B. The; a C. /; the D. The; the9. The overseas Chinese have _great love for_ their motherland.A. a; the B. an; / C. the; / D. a; /10. We walked together _arm in_ arm.A. a; a B. an; an C. the; the D. /; /11. _singer and _dancer has accepted the invitation.A. A
18、; a B. The; the C. The; a D. The; /12. You can write a letter in _ink or_ pencil.A. /; a B. /; / C. a;/ D. an; a13. They used to go swimming in the sea in _summer, but during _summer of they were too busy to go there at all.A. the;/ B. /; the C./;/ D. the; the14. They had to work from morning till _
19、night in order to pay off _ debts.A. the; the B. the;/ C./;the D./;/15. _Yellow River is the pride of _Peoples Republic of China.A. The; a B. A; a C. The; the D. /; the16. All of _sudden, we were caught in _rain.A. /; / B. a; the C. /;the D. a; a17. _had been committed was not realized until later.A
20、. How serious a crime B. How serious crimeC. How a serious crime D. How crime serious18.We have never seen _man.A. so handsome B. so handsome a C. a so handsome D. so a handsome19. You can hardly hope to succeed where _ has failed.A. many greater man B. a many greater manC. many a greater man D. man
21、y greater a man20. How did you pay the workers? As a rule, they were paid _.A. by an hour B. by hoursC. by a hour D. by the hour21. Its _great pleasure to go to _cinema after a weeks hard work.A. a; the B. the; a C. a. a D. the; the22. As _unemployment is very high at the moment, its very difficult
22、for people to find _work.A. the;/ B./;/ C. the; a D. an; the23. -Do you like your school life?-Its hard to say. If there were no _examinations, I should have _much happier time at school.A. an; a B. /; a C. a; the D. /;/24. A serious accident happened at _crossroad, not far from _New World Supermark
23、et.A. /;the B. a; a C. the;/ D. a; the25. Mr. Smith told us that _gold medal his son had got was considered _great honor to the whole family.A. the; / B. a; a C. the; a D. a; the26. _computer is really _most useful invention in the twentieth century.A. The; a B. The; / C. A; / D. /; a27. All these c
24、hanges will lead to _stronger and powerful China, _country that can surprise and enrich our planet.A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the28. -Really? Who will give _lecture? What is it about?-Professor Chen, _president of Beijing University. About pollution.A. the; a B. the;/ C. a; the D. a; /29. -
25、Hey, Mr. Smith, you are wanted on _phone. -Who is calling? -_Mr. Green. I dont know who he is.A. /; A B. the;/ C. the; A D. /; /30. As is known to all,_ tiger is in _danger of dying out.A. a; a B. the;/ C. a; / D . the; the【试题答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. C 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. D 10. D 11. D 12. B 13. B 14. C 15. C 16. B 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. B