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1、市高考英语阅读理解临考训练3及答案解析Throughout the history of the arts, the nature of creativity has remained constant to artists. No matter what objects they select, artists are to bring forth new forces and forms that cause change-to find poetry where no one has ever seen or experienced it before. Landscape(风景) is
2、 another unchanging element of art. It can be found from ancient times through the 17th-century Dutch painters to the 19th-century romanticists and impressionists. In the 1970s Alfred Leslie, one of the new American realists, continued this practice. Leslie sought out the same place where Thomas Col
3、e, a romanticist, had produced paintings of the same scene a century and a half before. Unlike Cole who insists on a feeling of loneliness and the idea of finding peace in nature, Leslie paints what he actually sees. In his paintings, there is no particular change in emotion, and he includes ordinar
4、y things like the highway in the background. He also takes advantage of the latest developments of color photography(摄影术) to help both the eye and the memory when he improves his painting back in his workroom. Besides, all art begs the age-old question: What is real? Each generation of artists has s
5、hown their understanding of reality in one form or another. The impressionists saw reality in brief emotional effects, the realists in everyday subjects and in forest scenes, and the Cro-Magnon cave people in their naturalistic drawings of the animals in the ancient forests. To sum up, understanding
6、 reality is a necessary struggle for artists of all periods. Over thousands of years the function of the arts has remained relatively constant. Past or present, Eastern or Western, the arts are a basic part of our immediate experience. Many and different are the faces of art, and together they expre
7、ss the basic need and hope of human beings. 72. Leslies paintings are extraordinary because . A. they are close in style to works in ancient times B. they look like works by 19th-century painters C. they draw attention to common things in life D. they depend heavily on color photography 73. What is
8、the authors opinion of artistic reality? A. It will not be found in future works of art. B. It does not have a long-lasting standard. C. It is expressed in a fixed artistic form. D. It is lacking in modern works of art. 74. What does the author suggest about the arts in the last paragraph? A. They e
9、xpress peoples curiosity about the past. B. They make people interested in everyday experience. C. They are considered important for variety in form. D. They are regarded as a mirror of the human situation. 75. Which of the following is the main topic of the passage? A. History of the arts. B. Basic
10、 questions of the arts. C. New developments in the arts. D. Use of modern technology in the arts. 3答案 *结束 (第*篇) Find Which Direction Is SouthDo you have a good sense of direction? If not, please take with you a compass. But if you forget to take a compass, you can still find your way.It s never a go
11、od idea to imagine that the family member who was entrusted(委托) with the job of mapreading actually knows where the family is. You can tell by the slightly confused look on their faces that nothing on the ground seems to match the map. Never mind. The sun is shining and it s still morning. If you do
12、nt know the exact time, you can still find out where south is, but youll need to be patient.Find a straight stick and put it in the ground in a place where you can mark its shadow.Try to position the stick as vertically(垂直) as you can.You can check this by making a simple plumb line (铅锤线)with a piec
13、e of string and weight. You haven t got any string？OK, use a thread from your clothes with a button tied at the end to act as a weight.Mark the end of the shadow cast by the stick.Wait approximately half an hour and mark the end of the shadow again.Keep doing this until you have made several marks.T
14、he mark nearest the stick will represent the shortest shadow, which is cast at midday, when the sun is highest in the sky and pointing to the exact south.Pick a point in the distance along the line between the shortest shadow and the stick.That point is south of where you are.Now you can turn the ma
15、p, like you did before, and find which way you should be travelling.语篇解读你有好的方向感吗？如果没有，那就要带上指南针。如果没带指南针呢？你仍然可以用其他方法找到方向，本文就是教你如何找到方向的。1To find the direction, we ought to be patient probably because_.A. it is not easy to find a proper stickB. it is not easy to position the stickC. it takes hours to ma
16、ke the marksD. it takes about half an hour to make the marks解析推理判断题。依据文章中的可以看出，做阴影的标记最费时间，所以要耐心。答案C2The passage would probably be most helpful to_.A. those who draw mapsB. those who get lostC. those who make compassesD. those who do experiments解析推理判断题。依据文章第二段，“我们发现地图上的标记跟身边的不一致，可以知道这是迷路时的现象，所以答案为B。答
17、案B3Which of the following pictures best shows the way of finding the direction of south?解析依据文章中的表达，可知：离树棍最近的那条线代表的阴影最短，证明当时太阳在天空最高，指向的就是最南方，对应的正好是A。答案A4The author presents this passage by_.A. telling an interesting storyB. describing an activity in a lively wayC. testing an idea by reasoningD. intro
18、ducing a practical method解析细节理解题。本文介绍的这种方法切实可行，所以作者是通过讲述一个很实用的方法来阐述这篇文章的。答案D*结束 (第*篇) Plants cant communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants produce volatile compounds，chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. A flower s sweet smell, for example, comes fro
19、m volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as bugs and bees.Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants.A tree under attack by hungry insects, for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the attack. In response, the o
20、ther trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away or even chemicals that attract the bugs natural enemies.Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical sensor(传感器) called an electronic nose. The “enose can tell compounds that crop plants make when the
21、yre attacked.Scientists say the enose could help quickly detect whether plants are being eaten by insects. But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual plants. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses ，enclosed gardens that can house thousands of plan
22、ts.The research team worked with an enose that recognizes volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds. Based on these interactions, the enose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software.To test the nose, the team pre
23、sented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all common greenhouse crops. Then the scientists collected samples of air around damaged leaves from each type of crop. These plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch (打孔
24、器)The enose, it turns out, could identify healthy cucumber，pepper and tomato plants based on the volatile compounds they produce. It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage by insects or with a hole punch had been
25、done to the tomato leaves.With some finetuning，a device like the enose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemi
26、st at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.语篇解读植物会说话吗？植物如何“交流？本文中的科学家们正在尝试用enose来测试植物受到伤害时的反响。5We learn from the text that plants communicate
27、with each other by_.A. making some soundsB. waving their leavesC. producing some chemicalsD. sending out electronic signals解析事实细节题。从文章第一段中的“Instead，plants produce volatile compounds，chemicals that.可知，植物通过它本身所产生的一种化学物质来进行交流，所以答案选C。答案C6What did the scientists do to find out if the enose worked?A. They
28、 presented it with all common crops.B. They fixed 13 sensors inside the device.C. They collected different damaged leaves.D. They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves.解析逻辑推理题。从文章第五段可知，为了证实enose的效果，科学家用受到伤害的叶子与健康的叶子来测试。所以选D。答案D7According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the enose is th
29、at it can_.A. pick out ripe fruitsB. spot the insects quicklyC. distinguish different damages to the leavesD. recognize unhealthy tomato leaves解析事实细节题。从倒数第二段中的“But even more impressive，the device could tell which type of damage.可知，最令人惊奇的是enose能够分辨叶子受到的不同的“伤害。答案C8We can infer from the last paragraph that the enose_.A. is unable to tell the smell of flowersB. is not yet used in greenhousesC. is designed by scientists at PurdueD. is helpful in killing harmful insects解析逻辑推理题。从文章最后一段中的“could one day be used in greenhouses to.推断可知，enose还没有运用到greenhouses中，由此推断B是答案。答案B*结束