专升本英语复习资料一.doc

/. 专升本英语复习资料一 1. have the ability to do能够做，有能力做…: eg. He has the ability to make very good boat. enable sb to do使…能做…: eg. Internet has enabled us to get information from all over the world. be capable of能够做…: eg. He is capable of drawing oil painting. be able to do能做…… eg. He is able to read and write in English. 2. absent 反义词: present absentminded 心不在焉的 3. abroad国外, 海外: live ~ go ~ eg. Many young people are eager to go abroad to study. 4. access: 入口, 途径; 机会, 权利have/get access to sth eg. Citizens in the town all have access to the books in the local（当地的）library. 5. absorb 吸收 be absorbed in全神贯注于… eg. All the students are absorbed in Professor’s lecture on China’s economy. 6. accept接受 receive收到（不一定接受） eg. She received a gift from him, but she didn’t accept it. 7. by accident=by chance 偶然地 on purpose 故意地 8. according to 根据= in accordance with eg. According to the article, environmental pollution has been taken under control. 9. take… into account = take… into consideration 把…考虑在内 eg. I hope my teacher will take into account my illness when he grades our test paper. account 描述 eg. She gave an account of what he saw in China. 10. accuse sb of sth = charge sb with(for) sth 指责… 做了…；指控… 犯了… blame sb. for sth. 因某事责备某人 eg. He was accused of robbing the bank and sentenced ten years in jail. eg. His mother charged him with being lazy. 11. be accustomed to = be used to 习惯于, 后接 sth或 doing sth used to 过去有; 过去常常; 后接 do sth eg. Mr. Smith is not used / accustomed to driving on the right. eg. I’m already used to the life here. eg. There used to be a house near the river. eg. He used to get up early while he was in the middle school. 12. achieve 获得, 达到 eg. You will achieve nothing if you waste your time this way. 13. adapt (oneself) to=adjust (oneself) to适应; adopt 收养; 采用 eg. You should adapt to college life as soon as possible. eg. He adjusted himself very quickly to the weather in the country. 14. add to 增添 add up to 总计达 15. in addition(to)=besides 此外 eg. In order to master a foreign language, we should learn some grammar. In addition, we’d better learn some words. 16. adequate = enough 17. admit 承认 eg. He admitted his mistakes at last. 18. in advance 预先, 提前 eg. You should inform（通知） me in advance if you are going to come. 19. take advantage of = make use of 利用 eg. We can take advantage of computer to analyze data. eg. A good habit in learning is to make full use of class time. 20. affect (v.) sth; effect (n.); influence sth.(v & n);impact(v & n) 影响; effort 努力 have an effect/influence/impact on对…有影响; make an effort to do或 make efforts to do eg. The latest discovery in gene will have a great effect on the health of human beings. eg. They made great efforts to find a new cure to lung cancer. 21. afford (to do) sth 买/花/用/支付得起 eg. It’s hard to imagine how he can afford (to buy) a house on his small salary. 22. be afraid of 担心, 害怕 23. at the age of 24. agree with 同意 agree on 同意 （双方就…达成一致） agree to 同意 （上级, 父母对下级, 晚辈允许…） eg. The two countries have agreed on the date for next talk. eg. My parents don’t agree to my staying outside overnight. 25. ahead of time 提前 eg. We finished our assignment ahead of time. 26. by air=by plane; by sea= by ship; by bus/train; on foot 26. after all 毕竟; above all 首先; (not…) at all 一点（也不）; all over 遍及 28. allow/permit … to do… 允许…做… 29. although/though… but 连词, 不能同时用在句子中; as连词, 倒装句 in spite of/despite介词 不连接句子 eg. Although he was seriously ill, he went on with the experiment. eg. Young as he is, he has already learned three foreign languages: English, French and Japanese. eg. Although he is young，he has already learned three foreign languages : English, French and Japanese. eg. In spite of/despite his illness, he went on with his experiment. 30. be angry with sb; be angry at sth 31. apart from=besides=in addition to除了….之外，还有; except=other than除了…(不包括) eg. No one knows what happened except Mr. Smith. eg. He has a large collection of books besides CDs. 32. apply ( ~ for 申请 ) 应用; A apply to B （A适用于B）;apply A to B （把A运用于B） eg. He has successfully applied for a position（职位） in the company. 33. appreciate 欣赏;感激（加动名词doing） eg. I really appreciate your coming to the party. 类似动词有: enjoy, mind介意, avoid避免, escape逃避, can’t help禁不住, risk冒险, need=want需要, insist on 坚持 eg. My hair needs cutting. 34. approve of赞成, 批准; disapprove of 不赞成, 不批准 35. argue with sb 与…争论 36. arise; rise; arouse; raise eg. New problems will arise as the old ones have been solved.（出现） eg. Are there any things arising from last meeting? （源于） eg. His speech aroused little interest among the students.（引起，激起） eg. The company has raised the prices of its products.（提高） eg. The prices of goods rose day by day during the Spring Festival.（上升） 37. artificial 人工的,假的 ~ flowers 假花; ~ intelligence (AI)人工智能 38. as for 至于 as to 关于,至于 as if/though 似乎, 好象 39. ask for 要求 40. attach importance to 重视 41. pay attention to重视 catch one’s attention 引起…注意/重视 42. available 可得/买到的 eg. There is no ticket available. 43. average 平均 on( the ) ~ 44. be aware of = realize 意识到 be sure 一定要，肯定 eg. He apologized to us for the mistake as soon as he was aware of it. eg. Be sure not to be late for the meeting. eg. I’m sure the play will be a great success. 45. back up 支持 46. background 背景 47. base ~…on… 把…建立在…基础之上 eg. His article is based on the research. 48. bear 忍受, 容忍; 同义词: endure; tolerate ;stand; put up with eg. She cannot bear to see the child in pains. 49. do/try one’s best eg. He said he would try his best to carry out the plan. 50. because 连词; eg. There will be no meeting because the manager will be on the vacation next week. because of 介词: eg. His wedding will be put off because of his father’s death. 由于: due to=owing to=thanks to=result from=on account of=by reason of=as a result of=in virtue of= in that(句子)=since（句子） 51. make the best of… 很好地利用 52. had better do 最好 eg. You’d better finish reading the book in this week, since I’m going to return it to the library. would rather do 宁愿 eg. I’d rather go there myself. 53. beyond 超出… eg. The professor’s lecture is beyond me/beyond my understanding (超出我的理解范围). eg. The apple on the tree is beyond my reach(够不着). 54. both… and…两者都; either…or… 或者… 或者… ; neither …. nor…. 两者都不 55. be bound to do 注定… eg. You’re bound to succeed as long as（只要）you keep on trying. 56. break into闯入; break out 爆发; break through 突破 ; break up (关系等)破裂 57. catch one’s breath 恢复正常呼吸 58. call off=cancel 取消; call on=visit 拜访; call for 请求, 号召; put off=postpone 推迟 eg. The resident called for the people to fight against the invaders. 59. care for 关心,在乎; take care 保重; take care of=look after 照顾 60. carry on 继续; carry out 实施, 执行 eg. They decided to carry out the plan despite the opposition. 61. case 事实, 实情; 箱子; 案例; 病例 in case (of) 以防，万一 eg. Take my umbrella in case it rains;. in most cases 在大多数情况下; in no case 决不; in no way; by no means 62. catch up with 赶上, 保持一致; keep up with; keep pace with 63. (be) in charge of 掌管,负责;take charge of 掌管,负责;charge… for… 开价,要价 eg. The short man there is in charge of our company. eg. The hotel charges $100 for a double room. 64. challenge 挑战 65. change 零钱(n.),换零钱(v.) 66. comfort v.& n 安慰, 舒适, 舒服 ; comfortable 舒服的, 舒适的 67. have … in common 有共同之处; mutual 相互的 eg. Although they are twins they have little in common. 68. communicate with sb.传播, 交流 69. compare … to… 把… 比作….; compare … with … 把… 与… 相比 eg. Poets like comparing their lovers to red roses. eg. Compared with brain, computer still has some shortcomings. 70. complain of/about 抱怨 71. be made up of 由…. 组成; be composed of; consist of 72. concentrate on=focus on=center on 集中注意力于; be engaged in 参与，从事 73. as far as … be concerned 就… 而言 eg. As far as wages are concerned, I’m very dissatisfied with the present job. concerning=about 关于 74. contribute 捐献; contribute to 有助于 eg. Computers will contribute many conveniences to our work. 75. out of control 失去控制; under ~ 在控制之下 76. convenient 方便, 便利的 77. convince 使相信/信服 convince… of… eg. I’m convinced (=I believe) that where there is a will, there is a way. eg. He was not convinced of his wife’s guilty. 78. cope with/ deal with/ handle 处理,应付;manage to do; trick sb. into doing sth.; persuade sb. into doing sth; frighten sb. into doing sth. 79. at the cost/expense of 以…为代价 eg. He saved the drowning child at the cost of his own life. at the risk of 冒着…危险… cost /spend eg. The overcoat cost him $200. eg. He spent $200 on (in buying) the overcoat. 80. count on/ depend on/ rely on 依靠, 依赖 81. create 创造 82. custom 习俗; customs 海关 83. damage 损坏（部分）; destroy 毁灭（全部）; hurt 伤害 injure 受伤; ruin 摧毁; spoil 破坏(心情，兴致等) eg. Our holiday was spoiled by the bad weather. eg. The earthquake has destroyed the city entirely. 84. a good/great deal 许多, 大量 85. degree 学位; 程度=extent; to some extent/degree 在某种程度上 86. demand; order; suggest; propose; insist 等后that 从句用虚拟语气（加动词原形） eg. The general ordered that the bridge (should) be repaired before daybreak. 87. deny 否认, 拒绝（给予）denial (n.) eg. He denied breaking the window. eg. Women were denied the right to vote in the past in the U.S. 88. in detail 详细地 eg. He explained the question to us in ~. 89. devote …. to… 致力于 be devoted/committed to(介词)sth./doing sth. eg. The scientist devoted the whole life to the study of chemistry. 90. do away with 废除; get rid of 摆脱 除掉;have … to do with 与… 有关 eg. It has nothing to do with what you are talking about. eg. Do away with the law. eg. He managed to get rid of the man followed him. 91. drop in=drop by=visit 92. due 到期的 eg. The book will be due next week. （按计划, 安排要）发生，到达的 eg. What time will the next bus due? eg. The next meeting is due to be held in three months’ time. due to =because of=owing to 因为, 由于 eg. His promotion is due to his hard working. eg. Due to the heavy rain, we have to give up the plan for the weekends. 93. economic 经济的; economical 节俭的 94. effective 有效的; efficient 效率高的 95. else 其它的; something ~ somebody ~ 96. in the end 最终（结果）; at last 最后（经过很长时间） eg. I have finished the essay at last. eg. We were thinking of going to England, but in the end we went to the USA. 97. enjoy oneself=have a good time 玩的开心; help oneself 随便 98. establish=set up=found 99. evident=obvious=apparent 明显的 显而易见的 100. for example=for instance; to illustrate 101. be exhausted=be tired out =be worn out 筋疲力尽的 102. exist 存在 103. expose 暴露 受影响 be exposed to eg. Being exposed to the sun for some time can do good to your health. eg. Many of today’s teenagers have been exposed too much to violence and sex. 104. face sth面对; be faced with 面临; encounter 面临 105. in fact = as a matter as a fact 实际上; 事实上 106. be familiar with 107. by far 非常,最（修饰比较级和最高级）; so far 迄今为止（完成时态）; far from 远非如此（否定） eg. In my opinion, he is by far the most suitable one for the job. eg. He sent out a letter to apply for the job, but has received no answer so far. eg. My English is far from (not) perfect. 108. fare 交通费; fee 费用; tuition 学费 109. favor, do sb a favor 帮… 个忙; in favor of 赞成 eg. I’m in favor of his suggestion that a power plant(电厂)be built. eg. Would you do me a favor to carry the box upstairs? 110. feel like doing sth /would like to do sth 喜欢/想做…. 111. field 田野, 领域 112. fill in 填写; be filled with 充满 eg. Would you like to fill in your address and telephone here? 113. fine 罚款 114. fire 解雇; catch fire 着火; set fire to 点火 115. focus… on…使集中, 以…为中心 116. be fond of =like 喜欢; be keen on/ be crazy at（about） eg. I’m fond of novels written by D.H Laurence. 117. look forward to sth/ doing sth盼望 eg. We are looking forward to your coming. in general /in short/ in a word/ on the whole 总的说来 ; to sum up,/to conclude 118. generation gap 代沟 120. get on/get off 上/下车（船…）; get on/ along with 和…相处 121. give in屈服, 让步; give up 放弃; give off发出 eg. The gas given off by automobiles is harmful to people’s health eg. Don’t give up until you succeed. eg. He gave in finally under the pressure. 122. go on to do sth 接着做（另一件事）; go on doing sth 继续做（同一件事）; go on a diet节食; go over 复习 123. grant , take… for granted 对…想当然, 对…习以为常 eg. We usually take it for granted that the government should work for the welfare (福利) of the people. 124. grow up 成长; grown-up 成年人 125. hand in 上交; hand in hand; on one hand 一方面 , on the other hand 另一方面 126. hardly 几乎不; hardly… when…= no sooner… than… 刚…. 就…. eg. The town has changed so quickly that I can hardly recognize it. eg. Hardly had we reached home when it began raining. 127. do good to…对…有益; do harm to…对…有害 128. learn by heart 记住; lose heart 失去信心 129. can’t help doing sth 禁不住做… eg. She couldn’t help crying when she heard the news that her father passed away. 130. hold, hold back 控制住（感情等）; hold up 阻止, 妨碍 131. in a hurry/ in no hurry 132. insist 从句用should do, should 可以省略 eg. He insisted that we go there together。 相同用法的词: suggest, order, demand, propose… 133. instead, instead of 代替, 相反 eg. I’m still wondering why he asked John for help instead of Tom。 134. intend to do 想要做 135. involve.. in..介入, 卷入 eg. I don’t want to be involved in their quarrel. 135. be keen on 热心/热衷于 136. key/answer to a question; solution to a problem （解决问题的）办法 137. late; latest 最新的, 最近的; later …以后; latter 后者, 后半的; the former…the latter… eg. the latest news; two years later=after two years 138. lay 放 置 laid-- laid; lie 躺 lay—lain; 说谎 lied-- lied 139. leave 把… 忘在…; leave out 漏掉 eg. I have left my keys at home. 140. in light/view of 鉴于, 由于 141. likely 可能的 eg. It is likely that computer will come into every family in China in the near future. 142. live on 靠… 生活; earn one’s living 谋生 143. be located in =be situated in 位于 144. as long as 只要; before long 不久; long before 很久以前; no longer 不再; long for 渴望 eg. He is longing for the day he could go to the USA. eg. You are bound to succeed as long as you keep trying. 145. look after=take care of ; look down upon/on 看不起,; look for 寻找; look into 调查; look up 查（字典） 146. be made up of=be composed of=be comprised of=consist of 由…组成;make for 朝… 走去 147. manage to do 设法做了; try to do 设法去做; try doing 试着做.. 148. manner 方式, 方法 = way; method ;means manners 礼貌 149. many a 许多(谓语用第三人称单数) a great many 许多 eg. Many a student in our class has seen the film more than three times. 150. no matter how/ what/where/when/ who… =however/whatever/wherever/whenever无论如何/什么/哪/何时/谁 151. take measures/steps/pains to do 采取措施… 152. keep/bear…in mind=remember; make up one’s mind 决定; be determined to do sth.= decide to do sth. 153. mistake; by mistake 错误地; mistake….for… 把… 误当成…. eg. I often mistake him for his twin brother. 154. moment ; the moment/minute 一…就…; at the moment目前 eg. He said he would inform me the moment he arrived Beijing. 155. more or less 或多或少 156. mood 心情; be in the mood to do eg. I’m in no mood to read. 157. mutual 相互的, 共同的 mutual understan