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1、- 高一英语必修1北师大版同步练习Unit 3 of Module I Celebration Period Two Lesson一. 教学内容：Unit 3 of Module I Celebration Period Two Lesson 3 & 4学习过程一、本课教学目标与要求1. 掌握重点单词及词组的用法 词 汇相 关 提 示ought aux. 应当，应该attend vt 出席，参加 link vt .连接contribute vt .捐献，奉献as well 也 请记住 ought to的用法及与 should 的区别。 比拟attend 与take part in, join
2、in 的用法。 link 的一些习惯表达短语towards sth. 请认真掌握 as well 和 as well as 的用法。2. 语法重点1学习 have to /dont have to ,can/cant , ought to /ought not to 的用法。2Giving advice 提建议You ought not to 你应该做 / 你不应该做 You dont have to 你不得不做 / 你不必做3It is /wasgenerallybelieved that 据信，People believe d that.3. 文化意识培养和写作1了解西方圣诞节的节庆活动、
3、印尼及希腊的婚礼和他们的风俗及社交礼仪。2用本单元所学的单词、短语、句型以及语法，写一封电子邮件，介绍中国的传统节日。 二、重难点词汇讲解：1. entrance n.入口巧记提示 enterv进入 + ance名词词尾Excuse me，where is the entrance to the exhibition hall?对不起，请问展览大厅的入口处在哪里?1注意介词搭配:at the entrance of 在的入口处the entrance to 的入口处，进入2entrance还可用作定语，如：a university entrance examination 大学入学考试entr
4、ance fee 入场费用正确的介词填空1We usually use the front entrance _the building but theres another entrance _the back.2The Status of Liberty was erected _the entrance of New York Harbour.2. attend vt.出席，参加They had a quiet weddingand only a few friends attended it .他们的婚礼静悄悄的只有几个朋友参加。1派生词：attendance n出席，参加；出席人数a
5、ttention 是 attend 的另外一个意思“看管、关心的名词形式。2易混辨析：attend，take part in，join 和 join in attend 指出席或参加会议、聚会、讲座等，仅仅表示 go to ,自己并不起积极作用。take part in 指参加活动或在活动中负有责任；有时与join in可互换。join意思是become a member of，参加到某一组织、团体或人群中去，并成为其中的一员。join in通常指参加某种活动，尤其指和其他人一起参加某项活动。选词填空I _the meeting at which some Young Pioneers wer
6、e accepted to _the League，all of whom made up their minds to _an active _school activities and entered the coming round-the-city race3. ought aux.应当，应该You ought to work harder than that. 你应当更努力地工作。1ought 常与 to 结合构成情态动词，后面接动词原形；否认形式为 ought not to，缩略否认式是 oughtnt to。2ought 的根本用法有：1表义务，用于各种句式。一般说来，ought
7、 to 用于指将来，指现在那么用进行时ought to be doing sth.；也可用于完成时ought to have done sth. ，在肯定句中表未完成的动作，在否认句中表已完成的动作。在间接引语中表过去形式不变。 2表推测，暗含很大的可能，语气比 must 弱。3ought to 往往和 should 同义，在生活交际中人们多用后者，但有时 ought to 有针对性，should 那么表一般的忠告。活学活用用 should，ought to，have to 填空1You _ come at 4 oclock if the plane arrives on time 2I di
8、dnt go shopping this morning as I _do the housework 3She _come to see me yesterday, but she forgot. 4You _ ask for permission before you left the table. 5As they didnt understand, I _explain everything again.4. contribute vt .捐献，奉献He contributed some money to the flood victims他捐出一些钱给遭受水灾的难民。1派生词：con
9、tribution n. 奉献2搭配：towards sth. 为作奉献。例如：She contributed a lot of good ideas to the discussion.她在这次讨论中提出了很多好的意见。3另外 contribute 还可作不及物动词，contribute to 是“有益于；捐献；促成的因素的意思，后面接动名词。contributes to several charities. 捐助一些慈善团体Exercise contributes to better health.锻炼能促成更强健的体魄Proper rest and enough sleep contri
10、bute to longevity. 适当的休息和足够的睡眠有益于长寿。填空1He_ 捐很多钱 the charity.2Exercise _ 能促成 better health.5. link vt.连接The two towns are linked by a railway. 这两个城镇由一条铁路连接起来。1同义词：connect vt.连接2搭配 link A with B，link A and B together 将人或物连接或联系起来。3组：link up with sth.= connect with sth. 与连接。“水域相连通常用 link up with ,“车辆道路、
11、交通相连用 connect with。翻译The new bridge will link the island to the mainland. 6. unfortunately adv.不幸地巧记提示 un-否认前缀+fortunateadj幸运的+-ly副词词尾不幸地。She missed the last train unfortunately. 她不幸错过了最后一班列车。1同义词：unluckily 不幸地；反义词：fortunately 幸运地。2unfortunately 一般修饰整个句子，常置于句首或句末。选择训练 Two middle-aged passengers fell
12、 into the sea._, neither of them could swimA. In factB. LuckilyC. UnfortunatelyD. Naturally7. even if 即使You mustnt be conceited 自负even if youve achieved a great success.即使你取得了很大的成绩也不应当骄傲。1even if 是连词短语，引导让步状语从句，与 even though 同义。2与if 相关的连词还有：as if 好似，only if 只要, if only 要是就好了。选择Allow children the spa
13、ce to voice their opinions，_they are different from your ownA. untilB. even ifC. unlessD. as though 8. as well 也China possesses enormous quantities of coal and is rich in other minerals as well中国拥有大量煤炭，其他的矿藏也很丰富。1as well 是副词短语，其意为“也，相当于too，它一般放在句末，有时和连词 and 或 but 搭配使用。2在英语中，表示不同位置的“也也要用不同的词：as well
14、多用于口语，但只用在句末。too 多用于口语，位置常在句末，前面有逗号。also 较正式，位置通常接近动词，不用于句末。either 位置常在句末，且通常用于否认句。3易混短语：as well asas well as 与 as well 仅一字之微，意义相近，故很易混淆。作为习语用作介词时，as well as 的含义是“还有，“不但而且。值得注意的是，在A as well as B 的结构里，语意的重点在A，不在B。因此，“He can speak Spanish as well as English的译文应是：“他不但会说英语，而且会讲西班牙语，绝不能译作：“他不但会说西班牙语，而且会讲
15、英语。如果as well as 用作连词引出比拟从句，其意为“和一样好。因此，“He speaks Spanish as well as English应译作：“他说西班牙语像说英语一样好。活学活用：选词填空as well asas well1Often life is much slower outside the big cities，as is true in other countries_.2During the football match，he hurt his arm _breaking his leg.三、重点句式分析与拓展1. If a friend gets an inv
16、itation to a wedding, you can go with him/her, even if you dont receive an invitation yourself.如果你的朋友收到了参加婚礼的邀请，那么即使你自己并没有得到邀请，也可以和他/她一起去。1这是一个主从复合句，包含两个状语从句。2句首的状语从句由 if 引导，表示条件；第二个状语从句由even if 引导，表示让步。3to a wedding 是介词短语，作 an invitation 的后置定语。 拓展if表示“如果时，用于引导条件状语从句。if还能表示“是否，引导名词性从句。if还能与其他的词连用，构成
17、附属连词。如even if“即使，only if “只有，if only“只要就好了，as if “好似。even if 用来引导让步状语从句，通常可与even though 互换。引导让步状语从句的附属连词还有though，although等。2. After the ceremony, the guests can attend a wedding reception, which is usually a huge party and can last through the night. 婚礼之后，客人们可以参加婚宴。宴会通常规模盛大，可能持续整整一夜。1这是一个主从复合句，从句是由w
18、hich引导的非限制性定语从句。2句中定语从句的先行词是a wedding reception。这个定语从句的谓语由两个局部组成，第一个谓语局部 is usually a huge party 是一个系表结构，第二个谓语局部包含一个表猜想的情态动词 can。 拓展which 可以用来引导非限制性定语从句，此时不能用 that 替换 which。有些情态动词可用于表示猜想。如 can、may、must 等。 3. There is a lot of eating, drinking and dancing, including the famous Greek circle dance, whe
19、re everyone joins in.婚宴上提供各种各样的食品、饮料、还有舞会，其中包括所有人都参加的著名的希腊圆圈舞曲。1这个主从复合句的主句是一个 there be 句型，从句是由关系副词 where 引导的非限制性定语从句，它所修饰的是 the famous Greek circle dance。2including the famous Greek circle dance 是一个后置定语，修饰 dancing ，这个定语可以看作是介词短语，也可以看作是一个现在分词短语。拓展 there be 句型中的 be 的形式遵循“就近一致原那么，即 be 的形式由紧跟在它后面的名词的数决定
20、：如果名词是单数可数名词或不可数名词，be 也用单数；如果名词是可数名词的复数形式，be 也用复数。where 经常引导地点状语从句。including 可以看作是动词 include 的现在分词形式，也可以看作介词。在大多数情况下，特别用逗号与前面的局部隔开时，通常被看作介词。4. We tried to stay awake as long as possible to see Father Christmas but the next thing we knew it was morning, Christmas morning! 为了能看到圣诞老人我们尽可能醒着不睡觉，但是我们醒来时就
21、是圣诞节的早晨了。1这个长句的第一层是一个并列句，两个分句由表示转折的 but 连接。2but 前的分句带有两个不定式短语：第一个不定式短语 to stay awake as long as possible 作 tried 的宾语，其中stay 是一个系动词，awake 是一个表语形容词；第二个不定式短语 to see Father Christmas 作目的状语，表示 to stay awake as long as possible 的目的。3but 后的分句是一个复合句，从句是it was morning，它在句中作动词 knew 的宾语，从句的引导词 that 省略了。拓展：不定式在
22、句中除了作宾语、状语外，还能充当定语、表语、主语等成分。as long as 在句中是“和一样长的意思，它还能作附属连词引导条件状语从句，此时是“只要的意思。5. At the bottom of bed was the stocking, now full of all kinds of small presents and sweets.床尾挂着长筒袜，里面已装满各种各样的小礼物和糖果。1这是一个把地点状语提前的倒装句，句子的主语是 stocking。2now full ofsweets 是一个形容词短语，作主语的补语。拓展 在英语中，为了强调地点状语，为了上下文衔接的方便，或者是由于主语
23、太长而考虑到句子的结构等，都可以把地点状语提前。注意分辨此类倒装句中的主语，并对谓语动词的单复数作出正确的判断。6. After lunch, the adults slept on the sofas in front of the Queens speech on television while we all played card.午饭后，大人们在播送女王演讲的电视前面的沙发上睡着了，而我们都在玩牌。1这是一个复合句，从句是由 while 引导的时间状语从句。2本句中包含四个介词短语，句首的 after lunch 作时间状语；主句中的 on the sofas 作地点状语，in fr
24、ont of the Queens speech 也作地点状语，on television 作后置定语修饰 the Queens speech。 拓展 while 用作附属连词，引导时间状语从句时，译为“当时候，从句中的动词都是延续性的，while 后常用进行时态；引导让步状语从句时，译为“尽管虽然。while还能用作并列连词，连接并列句，此时译为“而，前后两个分句有比照的意思。7. It was believed that any village that did not give food would have bad luck.任何不愿给予食物的村庄都会遭到厄运。 1句首的 “it是形式
25、主语，真正的主语是第一个that 引导的主语从句 any villageluck。2第二个 that 引导的从句 that did not give food 是一个定语从句修饰 village。3原句可以转换为：Any village that did not give food was believed to have bad luck.People believed that any village that did not give food would have bad luck拓展 “It is believed that 可以转换为：sb. /sth. is believed t
26、o do sth.，还可以转换为: WePeople believe that与 believe 用法相同的词还有:say，report，think，hope等.Eg. On this day, the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest.【模拟试题】答题时间：20分钟一、词组专练和单词拼写1Last night the main e to the hall was crowed by the cheerful people.2Many ordinary working people c towards the city building.
27、3Many t customs still exist in the remote countryside.4There were 120 people attending the party, i some children.5All the wedding i have been sent out by now.6Houses 装饰brightly and beautifully at Christmas.7My father 以及 my little brother has gone to Beijing for the holiday.8The stadium which 在建will
28、 be used as the place of opening ceremony of 12th National Games. 9You 不应该throw away the old bike and buy a new one. 10When they 结婚Michael was the best men.二、综合阅读The invention of the electric telegraph 电报 gave birth to the communications industry. Although Samuel B. Morse succeeded in making the inv
29、ention useful in 1837, it was not until 1843 that the first important telegraph line was built up. By 1860 more than 50,000 miles of lines connected people east of the Rockies 落基山脉. The following year, San Francisco was added to 参加到the network.The national telegraph network strengthened加强the ties be
30、tween East and West and contributed to the rapid expansion扩张of the railroads by providing an efficient ways to monitor schedules and routes 方案和路线. Furthermore, the extension of the telegraph, combined with the invention of the steam-driven rotary printing press 蒸汽驱动转轮印刷机 by RichardM. Hoe in 1846, co
31、mpletely changed the world of journalism新闻业. Where the business of news gathering had been dependent upon the mail and on hand-operated presses, the telegraph expanded the amount of information a newspaper could supply and allowed for more timely及时的reporting. The building of the Associated Press美联社a
32、s a central wire service in 1846 marked the arrival of a new era 纪元 in journalism. 1The main topic of the passage is .A. the history of journalismB. the origin of the national telegraphC. how the telegraph network contributed to the expansion of railroadsD. the contributions and development of the t
33、elegraph network2The word “gathering in line 12 refers to .A. peopleB. informationC. objectsD. substances3The authors main purpose in this passage is to .A. compare the invention of the telegraph with the invention of the steam-driven rotary pressB. propose new ways to develop the communications ind
34、ustryC. show how the electric telegraph affected the communications industryD. criticize Samuel B. Morse4This passage would most likely be found in a .A. U.S. history bookB. book on trains C. science textbook D. computer magazine5It can be inferred from the passage that .A. Samuel Morse did not make
35、 an important contribution to the communications industryB. Morses invention did not immediately achieve its full potential 潜力C. the extension of the telegraph was more important than its inventionD. journalists have the Associated Press to thank for the birth of the communications industry【试题答案】一、词
36、组专练和单词拼写1entrance2contributed 3traditional 4including 5invitations6will be decorated / have been decorated 7as well as / with / along with8is being built 9ought not to10were married 二、综合阅读1D 。 这是一道细节考查题。A. 新闻业的历史。B. 国家电报网的来历。C.电报网是如何促进铁路网的扩张的。D. 国家电报网的奉献和开展。 2B在这指的是新闻消息的采集情况。此题是细节推理题。A.人们；C. 事物，实验对象
37、，宾语等意思。D. 物质。3C 根据上下文可知，本文的主要目的是告诉我们电报业对资讯/通讯业的影响。4A 。 5B 。此题属于逻辑推理题。从这两句Although Samuel B. Morse succeeded in making the invention useful in 1837, it was not until 1843 that the first important telegraph line was built up. The building of the Associated Press美联社as a central wire service in 1846 marked the arrival of a new era 纪元 in journalism.可以知道，莫尔的创造一开始并没有带来大规模的实践应用。但是到了1846年它为新闻业带来了一个新的纪元。