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1、初中英语作文写作方法和范文，模板初中英语学习 2010-03-12 14:22:59 阅读4067 评论3 字号：大中小 订阅 英语作文经典开头方式 Type1引述他人观点(为提出自己观点铺垫) 1 It is widely(commonly) accepted(hold)+THAT 2 A widely accepted(commonly) hold idea(point of view,viewpoint, opinion,assumption)is +THAT/NP 3 A/The dominant(prevalent, prevailing)idea(see 2)is NP/to DO
2、 4 It is taken for granted+THAT(or:We often/frequently take it for granted THAT) 5 People(The majority) seem to get accustomed to the idea(see 2),without questioning,THAT ) 6 People are willing to regard NP1 as NP2/ADJ 7 People are willing to DO,while reluctant to DO Type2提出异议 1 However (But), 2 Suc
3、h idea(see1-2),if not entirely ADJ1,is somewhat ADJ2 and needs careful consideration. ADJI=unreasonable,unacceptable, inappropriate,improper,undesirable, etc; ADJ2=misleading,doubtrul, etc 3 In fact(As a matter of fact),(follow2) 4 However, it is not (quite, necessarily)the case. ( 5 This (It) is no
4、t (quite, necessarily) the case and needs to bo fruther considered/discussed.(or:further consideration/discussion) Type3论述的展开:说明原因和理由,层进,举例,转折 1 The reason lies in several aspects, ( 2 The reason why+clause+1, underlined ( 3 There are several remarkable reasons. ( 4层进in addition, besides, fruthermor
5、e, whats more, on the other hand, meanwhile, for one thingfor another; finally, above all, in short. 5举例for example, for instance, such (general term) as (specific terms),a typical (striking) example is that, a case in point 6转折however, but, nevertheless,on the contrary 7条件if , provided that, unless
6、, as long as,etc Type4就而言;关于 1 as far as is/are concemed: As far as current situation is concerned 2 as t the problem as to NP有关的问题 Type5问题 1 Although much effort has been made, the situation is far from satisfactory (or: the problem remains unsolved, little improvement has been achieved) 2 There is
7、 a tendency, as recent study (investigation) has pointed out (shown, revealed, indicated),+THAT 3 There is growing concern about +NP 4 It will inevitably (is likely to )result in (lead to ) unwanted (serious) consequence (or NP) 5 Unfortunately, 6 We will not be able to afford the risk of overlookin
8、g the seriousness of the matter. 7 The process, once initiated, is most likely irreversible. 8 We are constantly (frequently) faced with NP ( TYPE6重要与必要;(应)注意与重视 1 NP1 is of great importance (necessity, value) in NP2 (or: NP is of enormous significance) ( 2 The importance (necessity) of NP (to do st
9、h.) lies in (the fact) that 3 NP1 plays, as is known, an irreplaceably important role in NP2 4 The irreplaceably important role NP1 plays in NP2 is significant (obvous) 5 NP1 is an indispensable part of NP2) 6 It is important (necessary) to DO (or:THAT) 7 Special attention should be pay to (or: We s
10、hould pay special attention to) 8 What we should take into consideration is +NP Type7行动( 1(immediate, emergent, effective) Measures are being taken (has been taken, should be taken) to DO 3 We have made much effort, there is still more we need to make (cf. We have learnt a lot, there is much more we
11、 need to lea123) 英语作文的结尾方式示例文章结尾的作用是概括全文内容,进一步强调或肯定文章的中心思想,使文章意义表达得更加深刻。 文章结尾的形式也是多种多样的,常见的有以下几种: 1、首尾呼应,画龙点睛 在文章的结尾,把含义较深的话放在末尾,以点明主题,深化主题,起到画龙点睛的效果。如“I Cannot Forget Her” (我忘不了她)的结尾: After her death,I felt as if something were missing in my life. I was sad over her passing away,but I knew she woul
12、d not have had any regrets at having given her life for the benefit of the people. 2、重复主题句 结尾回到文章开头阐明的中心思想或主题句上,达到强调的效果。如“I Love My Home Town”(我爱家乡)的结尾: I love my home town,and I love its people. They too have changed. They are going all out to do more for the good of our motherland. 3、自然结尾 随着文章的结束,
13、文章自然而然地结尾。如“Fishing”(钓鱼)的结尾: I caught as many as twenty fish in two hours,but my brother caught many more. Tired from fishing,we lay down on the river bank,bathing in the sun. We returned home very late. 4、含蓄性的结尾 用比喻或含蓄的手法不直接点明作者的看法,而是让读者自己去领会和思考。如“A Day of Harvesting”(收割的日子)的结尾: Evening came before
14、 we realized it. We put down our sickles and looked at each other. Our clothes were wet with sweat,but on every face there was a smile. 5、用反问结尾 虽然形式是问句,但意义却是肯定的,并具有特别的强调作用,引起读者深思。如“Should We Learn to Do Housework?”(我们要不要学做家务?)的结尾。 Everyone should learn to do housework. Dont you agree,boys and girls?
15、 6、指明方向,激励读者 结尾表示对将来的展望,或期待读者投入行动。如“Lets Go in for Sports”(让我们参加体育运动)的结尾: As we have said above,sports can be of great value. They not only make people live happily but also help people to learn virtues and do their work bettter. A sound mind is in a sound body. Lets go in for sports. 文章的结尾没有一定的模式,可
16、以根据表达主题的需要灵活创造。一般的习惯是,一些记叙文和描写文经常采用自然结尾的方法;但说理性和逻辑性较强的说明文和议论文则往往都有结束语,以便使文章首尾呼应,结构完整。 英语作文记叙文写作技巧记叙文是记人叙事的文章,它主要是用于说明事件的时间、背景、起因、过程及结果,即我们通常所说的五个 W ( what, who, when, where, why )和一个 H ( how )。记叙文的重点在于述说和描写,因此一篇好的记叙文要叙述条理清楚,描写生动形象。下面就谈谈英语记叙文的特点和写好记叙文的基本要领。 一、记叙文的特点 1.叙述的人称 英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用
17、第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过我来传达给读者,使人读后感到真实可信,如身临其境。如: The other day, I was driving along the street. Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast. I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side. But it was too late. The car hit my bike and I fell off it.
18、 用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受我活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如: Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard. On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover. Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her,
19、but he was too short. What could he do? Then he had a good idea. 2.动词的时态 在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的,这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。 3.叙述的顺序 记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起
20、来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。 4.叙述的过渡 过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如: In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things. Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and d
21、oing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao. It is really a beautiful city. There are many places of interest to see. But what impressed me most was the sunrise. The next morning I got up early. I was very happy because it was a fine day. By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizo
22、n were turning red. In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing. The sun was very red, not shining. It rose slowly. At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball. At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright.
23、 What a moving and unforgettable scene! 5.叙述与对话 引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果: ( I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something. Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front. I thought maybe someone was knocking the door.
24、 I asked who it was but I heard no reply. After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor. I realized it was the cat. I felt released. 这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把悬念给冲淡了。可作如下调整: I was in the kitchen cooking something. Crash! a loud noise came from the front. Thinking
25、 someone was knocking at the door, I asked, Who? No reply. After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor. Its you. I said, quite released. 二、写好记叙文的基本要领 1.头绪分明,脉络清楚) 写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个 W 和一个 H 有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些 W 和 H ,但动笔之前,
26、围绕五个 W 和 H 进行构思是必不可少的。 集整理) 2.突出中心,详略得当 在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如: One night a man came to our house and told me, There is a family with eight children. They have not eaten fo
27、r days. I took some food with me and went. When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger. There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger. 话题作文写作模板 中考英语考前必备-话题作文写作模板 Nowadays, there are more and more (某种现象) in (某种
28、场合). It is estimated that (相关数据). Why have there been so many (某种现象)? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. The first one is (原因一). Besides, (原因二). The third one is (原因三). To sum up, the main cause of (某种现象) is due to (最主要原因). It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing, (解
29、决办法一). On the other hand, (解决办法二). All these measures will certainly reduce the number of (某种现象). 利弊型作文写作模板 这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状,再对比事物本身的利弊,有时也会单从一个角度(利或弊)出发,最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度(或对事物前景提出预测) 1.说明事物现状 2.事物本身的优缺点(或一方面) 3.你对现状(或前景)的看法 Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily l
30、ife. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First -(A的优点之一). Besides -(A的优点之二). But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that -(A的第一个缺点).To make matters worse,-(A的第二个缺点). Through the above analysis, I believe that the posi
31、tive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to -(我的看法). (From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, -(对前景的预测).) 英语旅游日记 我是一个美国学生,来中国旅游,去了长城、天安门等地方,词数不少于6
32、0个,注意要用过去式,开头已给出: Wednesday,August 2nd It was a fine day! 范文 It was a fine day! I went to several places of interest such as the Great Wall and Tiananmen square.I was amazed by Chinas historical background and the industrious Chinese people who built the Great Wall. People are very friendly here. I
33、was greeted by amiable people who were nice enough to tell me about the history of China and by modest students who later practiced speaking English with me. China has left me a wonderful impression and I look forward to come back here for the Olympics.解决方法型作文写作模板 要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径: 1.问题现状 2.怎样解决(解决方
34、案的优缺点) In recent days, we have to face I problem-A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, -(说明A的现状).Second, -(举例进一步说明现状) Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, -(解决方法一). For another -(解决方法二). Finally, -(解决方法三). Personally
35、, I believe that -(我的解决方法). Consequently, Im confident that a bright future is awaiting us because -(带来的好处). 阐述主题型作文写作模板 要求从一句话或一个主题出发,按照提纲的要求进行论述. 1.阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义. 2.分析并举例使其更充实. The good old proverb -(名言或谚语)reminds us that -(释义). Indeed, we can learn many things form it. First of all,-(理由一). For ex
36、ample, -(举例说明). Secondly,-(理由二). Another case is that -(举例说明). Furthermore , -(理由三). In my opinion, -(我的观点). In short, whatever you do, please remember the say-A. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, youll necessarily benefit a lot from it. 对比观点型作文写作模板 1)要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。 1.有一
37、些人认为。2.另一些人认为。3.我的看法。 The topic of-(主题)is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions of it. Some people say A is heir favorite. They hold their view for the reason of-(支持A的理由一)What is more,-理由二). Moreover,-(理由三). While others think that B is a better choice in the follo
38、wing three reasons. Firstly,-(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),-(理由二). Thirdly (finally),-(理由三). From my point of view, I think-(我的观点). The reason is that-(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice . 2)给出一个观点,要求考生反对这一观点 Some p
39、eople believe that-(观点一). For example, they think-(举例说明).And it will bring them-(为他们带来的好处). In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing,-(我不同意该看法的理由一). For another thing,-(反对的理由之二). Form all what I have said, I agree to the thought that-(我对文章所讨论主题的看法). 中考英语作文高分秘诀 1.动笔之前,
40、认真审题 中考考试说明指出,书面表达要切中题意。怎样才能切中题意?就是要认真审题,看到考题后,先不要急于动笔,要仔细看清题目要求的内容。在自己的头脑中构思出一个框架或画面,确定短文的中心思想,不要匆匆下笔,看懂题意,根据图画、图表、提纲或短文提供的资料和信息来审题。审题要审格式、体裁、人物关系、故事情节、主体时态、活动时间、地点等。 2.围绕中心,拟定提纲 书面表达评分原则有四条: (1)内容要点; (2)运用词汇和结构的数量; (3)运用语法结构和词汇的准确性; (4)上下文的连贯性。 由此可见,要点是给分的一个重要因素。为了防止写作过程中遗漏要点,同学们要充分发挥自己的观察力,把情景中给出
41、的各个要点逐条列出。根据短文的中心思想考虑如何开头、展开和结尾,设想几个承上启下的连词,将主要句型、关键词语草草记下,形成提纲,写时切忌结构分散,废话连篇,严重跑题。书面表达,内容广泛,题材多样,要弄清考题的要求是写人、叙事、介绍、评论、图表、书信、日记、通知、便条还是看图作文或改写缩写。如果是日记,要写清年、月、日和天气情况;如果是书信,则要注意书信的格式,注意短文字数不要低于或超过规定的字数太多。 3.语言通顺,表达准确 (1)避免使用汉语式英语,尽量使用自己熟悉的句型。几种句型可交替使用,以避免重复和呆板。 (2)多用简单句型,记事、写人一般都不需要复杂的句型。可适当多使用陈述句、一般疑
42、问句、祈使句和感叹句。不用或少用非谓语或情态动词等较复杂的句型。 (3).注意语法、句法知识的灵活运用。 1)语态、时态要准确无误。 2)主谓语要一致,主语的人称和数要和谓语一致。 3)注意人称代词的宾格形式。 4)注意冠词用法,例如: He is an honest student.中的an不能写成a。 5)注意拼写、标点符号和大小写,例如:receive, believe, fourteen, forty, ninth, restaurant等。 标点符号特别注意汉英的不同,例如: 汉语 英语 A.句号 。. B.省略号 C.顿号 、 无 (4)描写人物时,要生动具体,例如: 1)外表特征
43、:tall, short, fat, thin, strong, weak, ordinary-looking等。 2)服饰颜色:red, yellow, blue, white, green, brown, black等。 3)内心境界:glad, happy, sad, excited, anxious, interested等。 4)感情描写:love, like, hate, feel, laugh, cry, smile, shout等。 5)动作描写:come, go, get, have, take, bring, fetch等。 (5)上下文要连贯。上下文的连贯性也是评分的一条
44、原则,因此同学们应把写好的句子,根据故事情节,事情发生的先后次序(时间或空间),使用一些表示并列、递进等过渡词进行加工整理,使文章连贯、自然、流畅。同学们应注意下面过渡的用法: 1)表示并列关系的过渡词:and, as well as, or 2)表示转折关系的过渡词:but, yet, however 3)表示时间关系的过渡词:first, second, third, and then, finally, after, before, after a few days, at last, at that time, later, in the past, immediately, in the meanwhile, when, while, then, after that 4)表示空间关系的过渡词:near (to), far (from), in the front of, beside,