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1、市高考英语暑假阅读理解训练14及答案解析 (二)Some years ago industries had more freedom than they have now，and they did not need to be as careful as they must today. They did not need to worry a lot about the safety of the new products that they developed. They did not have to pay much attention to the health and safety
2、 of the people who worked for them. Often new products were dangerous for the people who used them；often conditions in the work place had very bad effects on the health of the workers. Of course sometimes there were real disasters(灾难) which attracted the attention of governments and which showed the
3、 need for changes.Also scientists who were doing research into the health of workers sometimes produced information which governments could not ignore.At such times, there were inquiries into the causes of the disasters or the problems. New safety rules were often introduced as a result of these inq
4、uiries；however, the new rules came too late to protect the people who died or who became seriously ill. Today many governments have special departments which protect customers and workers. In the U. S， for example, there is a department which tests new airplanes and gives warnings about possible pro
5、blems. It also makes the rules that aircraft producers must follow. Another department controls the foods and drugs that companies sell.A third department looks at the places where people work，and then reports any company that is breaking the laws which protect the health and safety of workers. Of c
6、ourse，new government departments and new laws cannot prevent every accident or illness，but they are having some good results. Our work places are safer and cleaner than before. The planes and cars which we use for travel are better. Producers are thinking more about the safety and health of the peop
7、le who buy and use their products.()11.The main topic of the passage is_.Aconditions in the work place Bthe freedom of industries in the pastCchanges in industrial production Dthe safety and health of workers and customers()12.It can be inferred from the passage that in the past_.Aworkers often got
8、ill because of the poor working conditionsBcompanies were free to put out any products they wanted toCmany people were killed by dangerous productsDindustries were as careful in management as they are today()13.It is implied in the passage that_.Agovernments and companies had different opinions abou
9、t the safety of productsBgovernments paid little attention to the safety of productsCgovernment officials often did not listen to scientistsDin the past no safety laws were introduced by governments()14.Some years ago safety rules_.Awere put forward due to scientists recommendationsBcame into being
10、as a result of the workers demandsCwere introduced because quite a number of people were killed or seriously injuredDwere effective enough to protect workers and customers()15.The special departments protect customers and workers in many ways EXCEPT by_.Atesting new products Bcontrolling the sale of
11、 productsCdesigning new products Dinspecting work places (二)本文为说明文。文中首先指出在过去，工人在工作中、顾客使用新产品时的平安与健康得不到保障，导致一些灾难的发生。这致使政府采取相关政策，以保障人们的平安与健康。11D主旨大意题。全文通过比照过去与现在，说明了全文的主题是：工人与顾客的平安与健康。应选D。12A推理判断题。根据第一段often conditions in the work place had very bad effects on the health of the workers可推断过去工人常常因工作环境的恶劣
12、而生病，应选A。13D推理判断题。根据二段however, the new rules came too late to protect the people who died or who became seriously ill.可推断政府过去并未引进相关的平安措施，应选D。14C细节理解题。根据第二段New safety rules were often introduced as a result of these inquiries可判断选C。15C细节理解题。分析最后一段可知，C项内容不符合文意，应选C。*结束(唐山联考) We thought we had it alla bea
13、utiful house, three healthy children and one more on the way, two cars, a couple of fourwheelers for entertainmentand we loved it. Then, the market turned and my husbands job at a construction company was gone. The company was closing down for good. We both started looking for jobs right away, but t
14、here werent any to be found. With each passing day we were getting increasingly worried and we continued to work together in order to pull our family through. The_more_we_pulled_together,_the_closer_we_got. I felt feelings of admiration for my husband that I hadnt felt in years. Thats why it was so
15、hard for me to watch him blame himself for our present situation. I continually asked him to stop, but he seemed to want to punish himself for not having a job. Finally, one afternoon I pulled him aside and said, “We have four healthy children and each other. Thats whats important. That makes you a
16、rich man. “But what if we lose the house? Theyll hate meyoull hate me， he replied. I smiled at him and put my hands on both sides of his face to make him look me in the eye. “No matter where we live I will be happyas long as I have you. I smiled again. In all the struggling together I had found that
17、 deep love for him that I had on the day we said “I do I could see his shoulders and neck relaxed. He held me close and we were able to talk and plan and dream together in a way that we hadnt for quite some time. It was a turning point for us as a couple and a family. We are still struggling for our
18、 better life, but I consider us welloff because we have something that money cant buy and no one can take away from us.1. The underlined sentence in the second paragraph means that _. A. they became closer as they struggled together B. they hoped to find jobs in the same company C. neither of them h
19、ad the courage to face the difficulty D. they were trying to make their relationship closer2. We can learn from the passage that _. A. they both found good jobs at last B. both of them were worried about joblessness C. her husband was to blame for the unemployment D. they didnt love each other when
20、they got married3. Which of the following can best describe their present life?A. Bitter but easy. B. Comfortable and happy.C. Hard but warm. D. Welloff and relaxing.4. The best title of the passage might be _. A. We Have It All B. We Find It Again C. A Perfect Couple D. A Hard Time答案与解析：经济危机发生以后，丈夫
21、的失业使作者的家庭生活发生了变化。丈夫常常因找不到工作而自责，这时作者就抚慰他。面临困境，他们能够互相体谅、抚慰，虽然他们没有找到工作，但是他们感觉在精神上更富有了。1A猜想句意题。结合语境可知，在丈夫找工作遭遇挫折的时候，妻子与他齐心协力、渡过难关。可见The more we pulled together, the closer we got的含义是：我们越是团结在一起，我们的心就越靠近对方。2B推理判断题。根据第二段的前两句可知：他们对失业都很担忧。应选B项。其他三项与文中内容不符。3C推理判断题。结合文章的内容可知，丈夫失业以后，作者家的生活比以前艰难，但是他们感受到了一种强烈的爱，所
22、以在心灵深处更加温暖，用hard but warm描述作者一家现在的生活最适宜。4B主旨大意题。本文一开始谈到丈夫失业以后，“作者的家庭生活发生了变化。虽然屡次找工作未果，但是他们更团结了，也更看重对方了。从感情方面来说他们又找回了(We Find It Again)久违的那种情感。We Find It Again为双关语，既与文中谈到的工作的话题重合，又暗示他们又找到了(幸福感)，最适合作本文标题。*结束 (海淀期末)My Best Enemy Once again, I was in a new school. So was a girl in my class named Lisa. T
23、hats where the similarity ended. I was tall and she was small. My thick black hair had been recently cut short into an untidy style. Her natural blonde hair flowed to her waist and looked great. I was 12 and one of the oldest in the class while she was 11 and the youngest. I was awkward and shy. She
24、 wasnt. I couldnt stand her, considering her my enemy. But she liked me and wanted to be friends with me. One day, she invited me over and I said yesI was too shocked to answer any other way. My family had moved six times in six years, and I had never managed to develop any friendships. But this gir
25、l who wore the latest fashions wanted me to go home with her after school. She lived in a fun part of town that had two pizza places, an allnight bookstore, a movie theater and a park. As we walked from the school bus stop through her neighborhood, I tried to guess which house might be hers. Was it
26、the white one with the perfect lawn or the threestory house with a front porch? I got very surprised when she led me into an old apartment building. She lived on the fourth floor in a tworoom place with her mother, her stepfather, her two brothers and her sister. When we got into the room she shared
27、 with her sister, she took out a big case of Barbies, which was my next surprise. I had never played with them. We sat on the floor, laughing as we made up crazy stories about the Barbies. We found out that we both wanted to be writers when we were older and both had wild imaginations. We had a grea
28、t time that afternoon. Lisa was loved by the whole neighborhood. The bookstore owners lent her fashion magazines; the movie theater gave her free tickets. Soon I was included in her magic world. We slept over at each others house and spent every free moment together. Lisa, my first real friend since
29、 childhood, helped me get through the rough years of early adolescence (青春期) and taught me an amazing and very surprising thing about making friends: your worst enemy can turn out to be your best friend.1. The writer and Lisa were similar in the way that _. A. they were both new students B. they had
30、 the same hairstyle C. they were both tall D. they were of the same age2. One day Lisa invited the writer _. A. to go to the movie B. to go to her home C. to go to walk in a park D. to go to a pizza place3. In the passage the writer described Lisa as a girl who was _. A. awkward and shy B. rich and
31、happy C. quiet and lonely D. friendly and lovely4. Which of the following did the writer learn from Lisa?A. How to make up stories. B. How to deal with enemies.C. How to make friends. D. How to live a better life.答案与解析：1A细节理解题。从第一段中的“. I was in a new school. So was a girl.可以知道，作者和Lisa之间的相似点在于她们都是新来的学生。其他选项可以通过第二段进行排除，所以答案选A项。2B细节理解题。从第三段最后一句可以知道，Lisa邀请“我去她家做客，所以答案选B项。3D逻辑推理题。从倒数第二段我们不难发现Lisa很受人欢送，对人友善，活泼可爱，她并不害羞，家庭虽然不很富有，但家庭气氛融洽。由此可知D项最符合作者眼中的Lisa的性格形象，所以选D项。4C细节理解题。在最后一段，作者告诉我们，Lisa帮助“我度过青春期早期的艰难时光，她教会了“我如何交朋友。所以答案选C项。*结束