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1、课时提能练(四)Unit 4Earthquakes课时作业A：基础层面.语境语法填空ADue to the 1.destruction (destroy) of their natural habitat, wild animals in this area are being endangered. To avoid any serious 2.injury (injure) to wildlife, a nature reserve was built last month. Our local government received many letters of 3.congratul
2、ation (congratulate) from all walks of life. Many people donated money as an 4.expression (express) of appreciation and support. According to a 5.judgment (judge) made by some experts, this reserve would have an 6.extremely (extremely) positive effect on the local ecosystem.BThe landslide left the w
3、hole village 7.in ruins, which was a great shock to us. Several people died and 8.a number of them were trapped in collapsed houses. All food supplies were 9.at an end. This disaster could have been avoided, but the villagers thought little 10.of the risk. Now, led by the government, the villagers a
4、re carrying out selfhelp recovery, digging 11.out their belongings buried in the mud and getting back the lost animals. The village is returning to normal.CSome students, most of whom are girls, become too stressed 12.to sleep (sleep) well the night before an important exam. However, 13.all teachers
5、 are not skilled at helping them stay calm and relaxed. Some teachers even completely ignore this fact as if it never 14.existed (exist). Experienced teachers will say something like “You can do it! Youre the best.” Everywhere they encounter a nervous student，these encouraging words do help build up
6、 his/her confidence.语境短文改错根据P30课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。Dear student， Congratulations! We are pleased to telling you that you have win the high school speaking competition about new Tangshan. Your speech was heard by the group of five judges, all of who agreed that it
7、 was the best one this year. Your parents and your school should be proud you! Our office would like to have you speaking in the new park, which will honor those that were died in the terrible disaster. What you know, this is the day when the quake happened thirty years before. We invite you to brin
8、g your family and friends on that specially day.答案Dear student，Congratulations! We are pleased to you that you have the high school speaking competition about new Tangshan. Your speech was heard by group of five judges, all of agreed that it was the best one this year. Your parents and your school s
9、hould be proud you! Our office would like to have you in the new park, which will honor those that died in the terrible disaster. you know, this is the day when the quake happened thirty years . We invite you to bring your family and friends on that day.根据提示补全句子1我正在街上走着，突然听到有人叫我的名字。(be doing.when)I
10、was walking along the street when I heard my name called.2我同意你所说的大部分内容，但是我并不同意全部内容。(部分否定)I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with everything3噪音似乎是从楼下传过来的。(as if)It seems as if the noise comes from downstairs.4正如报告所显示的，在过去的两个月里，这个城市的空气质量已有所改善。(as)The air quality in the city, as is sh
11、own in the report, has improved over the past two months.5他的房子着火了，因为他让厨房炉灶燃烧着就出去了。(leave复合结构)His house caught fire, because he went out but left the stove burning in the kitchen.课时作业B：能力层面.阅读理解A(2019新疆维吾尔自治区适应性检测)Superstorm Sandy slammed into the eastern United States three years ago. The winddriven
12、 water caused a lot of flooding, especially in the regions subway system. Now two teens have invented a device that could help prevent future subway floods.In New York City alone, Superstorm Sandy caused an estimated $ 19 billion in damage. Much of the floodwaters entered the subway system through i
13、ts ventilation grates (通风栅). Those metal grills usually lie at ground level. When the system is shut down ahead of a flood, engineers try to cover those grates with plywood (胶合板) and sandbags. But the flooding often washes away those measures, which allows water to flow into the tunnels. Raising tho
14、se grates even a tiny bit above ground level would cost a lot of money. Other ideas have included building tall chimneys around the holes. That would raise the grates and cost a lot of money, too.Kyle and Raymond came up with a different, less expensive idea. They designed a metal grate with a built
15、in, adjustable cover. When trains are running, one part of the grate slides open to bring in fresh air. But when the system is shut down, that part can be slid shut to completely block the grate.Their grate is the same size as the grates used now. So, it would be simple, they say, to lift out the ol
16、d grate and drop in a replacement. Their design includes tamperproof features, which can prevent operation mistakes. They make sure that people dont intentionally shut off airflow during normal conditions. For people with the proper key, it would only take a minute or two to close the grate ahead of
17、 a flood.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述三年前超级风暴Sandy猛烈袭击美国东部，造成了洪水灾害，当地的地铁被洪水淹没。为防止地铁再次被洪水淹没，两位少年发明了一种装置。1Whats the second paragraph mainly about?AThe steps to operate grates.BThe measures to prevent flood.CThe function of plywood and sandbags.DThe disadvantage of present subway system.D段落大意题。根据第二段第一句可知，据估计超级风暴
18、Sandy仅在纽约市就造成了价值190亿美元的损失。文章接下来分析了超级风暴造成的洪水淹没地铁的原因：目前的地铁系统存在很大的弊端。故本题选D。2Which of the following words best describes the two teens new invention?ACostly.BTimesaving.CPractical.DConventional.C推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一、第二句“Their grate is the same size as the grates used now. So, it would be simple, they say, t
19、o lift out the old grate and drop in a replacement”他们使用的栅栏和现在使用的栅栏大小一样，所以很容易就可以把旧的栅栏取出来，放入一个替换栅栏；再结合最后一段最后两句可知，新的装置操作起来也很方便。故选C。3Whats the purpose of designing the tamperproof feature?ATo replace the old grate correctly.BTo close the grate ahead of a flood.CTo ensure airflow in normal conditions.DTo
20、 stop the train speeding up unexpectedly.C细节理解题。根据最后一段第三、第四句可知，设计干预防护的特点可以阻止操作失误，有了干预防护，他们确保人们不会有意地在正常情况下关掉空气流通的功能，故本题选C。4Where does the text most probably come from?AA news report.BAn adventurous story.CAn introduction to new equipment.DA guidebook to making grates.A文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了两位少年发明了一种成本较
21、低、实用的地铁防洪装置以及该装置的特点和优势，应该属于新闻报道类文章，故选A。B(2019辽宁省五校协作体联合模拟)It took multiple weddings for Christine Law to realize what she needed to do. In the summer of 2014, her schedule was packed with friends marriage celebrationsflowerfilled occasions that got her thinking, “Where do all the flowers go after th
22、e party？” More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them.By August, she had a plan：convince couples and companies hosting events to donate their flowers, which she would pick up and deliver within 48 hours to seniors across the city. She wanted to
23、bring beauty into the lives of the elderly. She drew on her experience through being a volunteer in nonprofit institutions in order to set up her own organization, which she called Floranthropie. Not having enough bouquets(花束) for all 150 people of a health center, Law asked the staff to provide a l
24、ist of patients who needed cheering up most, “The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldnt possibly be for her，” says Law. “I said they were a gift, and we talked for a half hour.”In addition to health centers, Floranthropie focuses on community groups devoted
25、to the elderly. Latitia Thlme is a volunteer for Les Petits Fires, an organization that aims to help the elderly who dont have a support system. The group receives a dozen or so bouquets from Floranthropie monthly, and then redistributes them. “Our motto is flowers before bread，” says Thlme. “We don
26、t focus on primary care, but rather on nourishing(滋养) the spirit. Floranthropie helps us do that. Its amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make.”In the beginning, most of Floranthropies donations came through word of mouth. These days, Law receives messages from strangers via her organi
27、zations Facebook page and has connected with corporations and flower wholesalers. Law hopes to expand Floranthropie nationally, but at this point is happy to be able to oversee each delivery personally.【语篇解读】该文讲述了Christine Law把婚礼上用过的花送给老人们，为他们的生活增加美的享受，她的做法得到了很多人的支持。5What made Christine Law set up F
28、loranthropie?AThe waste of flowers.BThe loneliness of seniors.CThe persuasion of other friends.DThe warm atmosphere of weddings. A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Where do all the flowers go after the party？ More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them”可知，婚礼上使用过的花束
29、的浪费使Christine Law成立了Floranthropie这个机构。故选A。6What was the womans reaction to Christine Laws flowers?AShe was moved.BShe was excited.CShe was worried.DShe was surprised.D推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldnt possibly be for her”可推知，当Christine
30、Law给第一位女士送花时，她感到难以置信、相当惊讶。故选D。7What can we infer about Floranthropie from Latitia Thlmes words?AIt should focus on primary care.BIt is benefiting more than the elderly.CIt is doing something of great importance.DIt should cooperate with more nonprofit institutions.C推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Floranthropie helps
31、us do that. Its amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make”可推知，Latitia Thlme认为 Floranthropie做的事产生了很大影响，故C项符合文意。8What is the best title for the text?AVolunteer Your TimeBDont Throw Flowers AwayCSpecial Delivery Makes Your DayDBrighten Seniors Lives With FlowersD标题判断题。本文主要讲述了Christine Law为
32、了不浪费婚礼上用过的花，把花送给老人们，给他们的生活带来了美。故D项适合作文章标题。.阅读七选五(2019重庆市质量调研抽测)Ways to Get Your Kids into NatureBeing in nature for kids has tremendous health benefits. There are many ways you can incorporate nature into your childrens lives, even if you live in the city.Inspire curiosity by being curious yourself.
33、 A parents excitement can be spread to the children, and when you show respect for nature, your children follow suit. 1 . “I dont know! Lets find out together.” is a wonderful way to get the ball rolling. Be open to a mutual adventure and allow your curious inner child to come out while you explore
34、nature with your children. 2 . If you have to carpool(拼车) in the morning, turn off the devices instead and encourage your children to look out of the window. The early morning fall skies are beautiful with color and migrating birds. After all, even views of nature from the car window are calming and
35、 beneficial.Stop thinking about nature time as leisure time. Time in nature is an essential investment in your childrens health and wellbeing. If you view nature time as essential to good health, you will be more likely to engage in it. 3 ， nurturing creativity and wonder is part of your responsibil
36、ity as parents.Look at the stars. Visit your local observatory, and then drive out of the city some morning or evening for your own stargazing (天体观察) with a blanket and telescope. Observing the stars offers a deeper and wider understanding of the universe. 4 Plant a small garden. 5 . Bean and pea pl
37、ants grow quickly and can be eaten when mature, so teach your children about food and the wonder of growth.ALimit electronic devices while drivingBEncourage questions you dont know the answers toCIf you want to raise your healthy, wellbalanced childrenDIf you have the space, help your children plant
38、 a few vegetablesEIt will teach teamwork, pride in the community, and family togethernessFIf your child is interested, encourage him to get involved in the communityGAllow yourself to think about it, and talk to your children about that wonder【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了让孩子融入自然的一些方法。1B根据下文中的“I dont know! Le
39、ts find out together. is a wonderful way to get the ball rolling”，并与上文中的“Inspire curiosity”呼应可推知，此处表示鼓励孩子一起探索你自己也不知道答案的问题，从而引起好奇心，故选B项。2A根据空后一句“If you have to carpool (拼车) in the morning, turn off the devices instead and encourage your children to look out of the window”可推知，开车时关掉电子设备，多看看窗外也是一种与自然接触的
40、方式，故选A项。3C承接上文“Time in nature is an essential investment in your childrens health and wellbeing”和空后的“nurturing creativity.as parents”可推知，如果想要培养出健康、明智的孩子，培养他们的创造性和好奇心也是作为父母的责任，故选C项。4G根据上文“Observing the stars offers a deeper and wider understanding of the universe”可推知，和孩子一起观察星空能够加深对自然界的理解，与G项呼应，故选G项。5
41、D承接上文“Plant a small garden”，并与下文“Bean and pea plants grow quickly and can be eaten when mature, so teach your children about food and the wonder of growth”呼应可推知，此处作者建议父母开辟一个小菜园，帮孩子种点蔬菜，一起见证它们生长的奇迹，故选D项。.语法填空(2019武汉调研)World Sleep Day falls on March 16. This years theme concerns sleep and women.More w
42、omen suffer from insomnia (失眠) than men, but only 4 percent of them go to a doctor to get help. A Beijing newspaper 1. (report) recently.A study by 2. international organization in the paper said that women 3. (age) 30 to 60 sleep six hours and 41 minutes a day 4. average.Young people have also been
43、 shown to suffer from a lack of sleep. Statistics from a Chinese medical research centre show that in 5. (city) like Beijing and Shanghai, 40 percent of young people suffer from insomnia, and 80 percent suffer from great tiredness due to poor quality sleep.Experts blame heavy 6. (press) and competit
44、ion at work for poor 7. (sleep) habits. The longterm effects can be unhappiness, anxiety and depression, 8. can in turn lead to chronic illnesses(慢性病), 9. (especial) in women.There are, however, a couple of tricks for getting a good sleep, such as maintaining an optimistic attitude, keeping a regula
45、r, 10. (day) routine, or finding time for sports. Also, you can develop healthy habits, such as keeping the bedroom clean and avoiding tea, coffee, or wine before sleeping.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。今年世界睡眠日关注的是女性的睡眠问题。调查发现，许多女性睡眠不足，年轻人也是如此。文章介绍了导致睡眠不足的原因及其解决方法。1reported考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“recently”，再结合上文可知，上述结果是北京的一
46、家报纸报道过的，表示已经发生过的事情，故用一般过去时。2an考查不定冠词。根据语境可知，该处泛指“一个国际组织”，且international的发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。3aged考查形容词。分析该句结构可知，空处作名词“women”的后置定语，应用age的形容词形式aged，表示“年龄介于三十到六十岁的女性”。4on考查固定搭配。on average为固定搭配，意为“平均”。该句意为：在该报纸中一项由一个国际组织进行的研究表明，30到60岁的女性平均每天睡6小时41分钟。5cities考查名词单复数。根据该句中的“like Beijing and Shanghai”可知，该处指“
47、像北京、上海那样的城市”，为复数意义，故用cities。6pressure考查名词。根据该句中“and competition”，再结合空前的形容词“heavy”可知，该形容词修饰两个并列的名词，故用press的名词形式pressure，表示“压力”。7sleeping考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词habits，表示“睡眠习惯”，故用形容词sleeping。8which考查关系词。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，空处在从句中作主语，指代前面的“unhappiness, anxiety and depression”，故用关系代词which引导该定语从句。9especially考查副词。空处修饰短语“in women”，故用副词形式。10daily考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词“routine”，表示“日常生活”，故用day的形容词形式daily。.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。