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1、省高中英语 语法专题复习11名词性从句 w一、考点聚焦 1、名词性从句中连接词的运用名词性从句中的连接词有连词that / whether / as if，连接代词what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。1that的用法。主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。如：That they are good at English is known to us all.The proble
2、m is that we dont have enough money.She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day.宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：A当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略；B当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，that不能省；C当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。如：He judged that,because he was a child, he did not understand
3、wine Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.that从句作主语和宾语时，可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。(A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/surprising that BIt is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that .CIt is said/reported/ believed/known/thought/sugges
4、ted that DIt seems/happens that。如：2whether和if的用法。whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。如：It all depends on whether they will come back.后面直接跟or not 时用whether。如：I didnt know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.主语从句表语从句中只能用whether。如：Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.T
5、he question is whether they have so much money.whether可以引导同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词的内容，if不能。如：We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用；whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能。如：The question of whether they are male or female is not impor-tant.I have not decided whether
6、 to go or not.间接引语位于句首时或者是间接引语提前时用whether不用if。如：Thank you, but whether Ill be free Im not sure at the moment.whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示“不管、“无论，而if不能。如：Whether he comes or not, we will begin our party on time.3疑问词 + ever和no matter + 疑问词的区别。疑问词 + ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的局部。如：Whoever breaks the rule must be
7、punished.You can choose whatever you like in the shop.疑问词 + ever还可引导让步状语从句。如：Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished,Whatever you do, you must do it well.no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。如：No matter what you do, you must do it well.No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished.4when和where引导的同位语从句
8、与定语从句的区别。when 和where前面的名词假设是表示时间、地点的名词，那么when和where引导的是定语从句，否那么那么为同位语从句。如：They put forward the question where they could get the money.This is the place where the accident happened.2、名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致1宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示提示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。如：Hello,I didnt know you were in London. How
9、long have you been here?The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed.2主语从句作主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。如：When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet.When they will start and where they go have not been decided yet.When an
10、d where the meeting will begin has not been decided.3、名词性从句的词序名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序。如：He asked me what was the matter with me.Weve heard the news that well move into the new house.Whatever you say will interest us all.&二、精典名题导解选择填空1. A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do.(NMET )解析：答案为C。此题考
11、查的是名词性从句作宾语的用法。此句的引导词既作连词又在宾语从句中充当一成分，故what最适宜。2. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that _ you had a few days off ? (NMET 99)解析：答案为A。此题考查的是从句的用法。根据题意“我上周开车去看航空展去了。下面一句接着问：“那就是你为什么离开的原因吗？故用why引导表语从句表示原因。3. I hate _ when peope talk with their mouths full.(NMET 98)解析：答案为A。此题考查的是形式宾语的用法。题意
12、为“我讨厌人们谈话时嘴里塞满东西。该空白处没有任何含义，而且已经用了when连接该宾语从句，所以此处只填一个形式宾语it。4.I think Father would like to know Ive been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.A. which B. why C. what D. how解析：答案为C。考查宾语从句连词用法，由结构sb. be up to sth.可知，应选what作介词to的宾语。5.We cannot figure out quite a number of insects, birds,
13、 and animals are dying out.A. that B. as C. why D. when解析：答案为C。此题考查宾语从句知识，figure out为及物动词，故此句为宾语从句，从句意得知连词在从句中作原因状语，应选why.6.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, our astronauts desire do is walk in space.A. where B. what C. that D. how解析：答案为B。此题句子为时间状语从句，全主句的主语是由主语从句来充当的，并且主语从句中不定式动词do缺少宾语，应选what。