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1、大作文写作步骤：1.看标题，找主语（数量，比例）数量： number, amount（ money, time）可数 不可数 比例： percentage, proportion, share2.看 X-Y 轴3.找规律 -反常interpret 解释（分析数据）comments 评论重要表达方式：1.图表类型graph 图标 , table 表格 , bar chart 柱状图 , pie chart 饼状图2.图标指向The graph illustrates 图表说明 .The bar chart shows data for 条形图显示的数据.It can be clearly see
2、n from the pie chart that 从饼图可以清楚地看到.3.时间段over the past 5 years 在过去 5 年over this span of 28 years 在这 28 年的跨度during the period from March to May 在 3 月至 5 月期间throughout the period 整个期间for the rest of the period 在剩余的时间4.动词percentage 百分比 , number 数量（amount ）experience huge fall 经历 巨大的 衰落巨大的 ：vast, massi
3、ve, enormous, immense, tremendoussomething unexpected 意外occurred 发生There be 会有Japan experienced a massive increase in car ownership in the 1930s日本在20世纪30年代经历了汽车拥有量的大幅增长5.变化趋势1)增加 /上升 /提高rise gradually（rose）逐渐上升climb rapidly （climbed ）迅速爬升精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 9 页go up
4、significantly （ went up）显着上升rise slightly 略有上升The number experienced slight rise.数字略有上升。experience dramatic increase 经验显着增加People holding a Bachelors degree only managed a moderate increase of $5 per week.持有学士学位的人只管理每周适度增加5美元。2)减少 /下降drop slowly （dropped）慢慢下降fall sharply （fell ）大幅下降go down by a big
5、amount （ went down ）大量下跌diminish slightly （ diminished ）略有减少gradual decline 逐渐下降3)保质平稳 /不变remain fairly constant / steady / stable / unchanged 保持相当稳定level off 变得稳定change slightly 轻微改变earnings amongst university 在大学中的收入graduates remained fairly steady after 1985.毕业生在1985年以后保持相对稳定。4)起伏 /波动There are mi
6、nor(small) fluctuations between and 在之间有较小的波动rise and fallfluctuate slightly / dramatically6.比较compared with 和 .相比in contrast to 相比之下huge difference 巨大的差异Between 1965 and 1985, there was significant(little) difference in the earnings between high school leavers and university graduates.In 1980, prof
7、essionals with a Masters or a Doctoral degree earned slightly more than those with a Bachelors degree.The biggest change occurred in the period from 1985 to 1995, when high school leavers enjoyed the greatest increase in earnings.During the same period, professionals with a Doctoral degree enjoyed t
8、he same average earnings as those who had done postdoctoral research.在1965年和1985年之间，高中毕业生和大学毕业生的收入之间存在显着（小）的差异。1980年，获得硕士或博士学位的毕业生的收入略高于那些具有学士学位的毕业生。最大的变化精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 9 页发生在1985年至1995年期间，当时高中毕业生的收入增长最大。在同一时期，具有博士学位的专业人士享有与从事博士后研究的人相同的平均收入。7.数值表达The rate of fem
9、ale smokers remained stable at 320 until 1994. 女性吸烟者的比率在1994年之前保持稳定在320。The spending dropped by two thirds to 14% in 1996.1996年的支出下降了三分之二，达到14。8.结论in conclusion 结论是overall 总的来说consequently 因此 /所以It can be concluded that 可以得出结论：9.结论分析While peoples earnings increased according their level were far sma
10、ller than would be expected.然而人们的收入水平增加远远小于预期。What s more interesting, however, is that the increase in earnings amongst high school leavers was far higher than the earnings for university graduates.更有趣的是，高中毕业生的收入增长远远高于大学毕业生。at+静止数值（ at 15%）by+变化数值（ by about 15%）费用，花费 ：cost, spending, expenditure, e
11、xpense替换词组：另外： Moreover, Furthermore, Whats more, In addition,事实上： In effect, Indeed, In fact,因此： Consequently（As a consequence）, Thus, Therefore,然而： However,精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 9 页大作文框架：（150200词）总体描述It can be clearly seen from the that 主题change during the period fro
12、m 时间 1to 时间 2.起点解释一Firstly, we can easily find that 细节描述. 起点解释二Whats more, 细节描述. 变化规律一In fact, 变化规律. 变化规律二Moreover, 变化规律. 反常现象一However, what surprises us most is that反常细节. 反常现象二Interestingly, 反常细节.There are several factors that may account for such change. 规律原因First of all, an evident reason lies in
13、 the fact that 规律原因. 反常原因However, 反常原因.结论Thus, Given the analysis above,it can be concluded that 结论. 建议一Therefore, it is fairly reasonable and wise that 建议. 建议二In addition, another suggestion is that 建议.从图表类型 中可以清楚地看出， 主题 在时间 1 到时间 2 期间发生了变化。首先，我们很容易发现， 细节描述 。此外， 细节描述 。实际上， 变化规律 。此外， 变化规律 。然而，令我们最惊讶
14、的是， 反常细节 。有趣的是， 反常细节 。有几个原因可以解释这种变化。首先，一个明显的原因是，规律原因 。然而， 反常原因 。因此，根据上述分析，可以得出结论，结论。因此， 建议是相当合理和明智的。另外，另一个建议是 建议 。table表格/ bar chart柱状图/ line chart 曲线图饼状图第一句：It can be clearly seen from the pie chartthat 主 题massively vary based on the pie chart.从饼状图 中可以清楚地看出， 主题基于饼图大量地变化。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归
15、纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 9 页No.1 大学生时间分配变化表Academic worksSportsUnion activities大一50%15%35%大二55%15%30%大三95%2%3%总体解释It can be clearly seen from the table that（主语）time using proportions of college students changeduring the period from 1st year to 3rd year. 起点解释一In the beginning year of study, college s
16、tudents spent exactly half of their time doing academic works. 起点 解 释二And time for union activities ranked 2nd（at 15%）and sports time least. 变化规律Then the three shares remained fairly constant during the 2nd year. 反常现象However, what surprises us most is that , during the 3rd year, the percentage of ti
17、me for academic works rose dramatically to 95%, whereas time for the remaining two categories fell(shrunk) sharply to 2% and 3%.从表中可以清楚地看出，大学生的时间使用比例在第一年 到第三年 期间发生了变化。在学习的初期，大学生花费了一半的时间做学术工作。而社团活动的时间排名第二（15） ，体育时间最少。然后三个分配在第二年保持相当稳定。然而， 令我们最惊讶的是，在第三年， 学术工作的时间百分比大幅上升到 95，然而其余两个类别的时间大幅下降（缩小）到2和 3。Ther
18、e are several factors that may account for such changes.Firstly, it is natural for college students to use most of their time, no less than half, to do academic works. Moreover,during the first two years, sports and union activities are both essential for physical and spiritual health. In effect, sp
19、ending almost all of their time on studies must result from the fact that junior students have been preparing（现在完成进行时）for graduate entrance examination.有几个原因可以解释这种变化。首先， 大学生自然而然地使用他们大部分的时间，不少于一半， 做学术工作。 此外， 在头两年，体育和社团活动对身体和精神健康至关重要。实际上， 花费几乎所有的时间在学习上 一定是因为 大三学生已经准备毕业考试。Given the analysis above, it c
20、an be concluded that（主语）time allocation of college students massively varies in different stages of enrollment. It is fairly reasonable and wise that, while the largest time share should be utilized for academic improvement, college students should not ignore the essential benefits provided by sport
21、s.根据上述分析， 可以得出结论， 大学生的时间分配在不同的 入学 阶段大不相同。 这是相当合理和明智的， 虽然最大的时间分配应该用于改善学习，大学生不应忽视 体育 的基本好处 。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 9 页No.2 中国居民交通工具使用变化表自行车私家车公交车198070%0%30%199530%25%45%201035%45%20%总体解释It can be clearly seen from the table that the percentages of traffic tools of Chinas
22、 residents change during the period from 1980 to 2010. 起点解释一Firstly, we can easily find thatin 1980 the cyclists （the proportion of bicycle riders ） accounted for the largest share, which was 70%. 起点解释二Moreover, there was exactly no one owning a private car at that time. 变化规律In effect,the percentage
23、s of private car owners rose gradually throughout the period. 反常现象一However, what surprises us most is that the proportions of cyclists dropped dramatically from 70% to 30% before they climbed slightly to 35%. 反常现象二Interestingly, the share of bus takers just experienced opposite route(direction). 从表中
24、可以清楚地看出，中国居民的交通工具的百分比在 1980 年 到 2010 年期间发生了变化。首先，我们很容易发现，1980 年骑自行车的人占了最大的份额，为 70。此外， 当时没有人拥有私家车。实际上，私家车拥有者的百分比在整个期间逐渐上升。然而，令我们最惊讶的是， 骑自行车的比例从70急剧下降到30，然后略微上升到35。 有趣的是， 乘坐巴士的人的份额恰好经历了相反的路径（方向） 。There are several factors that may account for such change.规律原因First of al l, an evident reason lies in th
25、e fact that when the economy has advanced to a high degree, urban residents must tend to consider private car as the most efficient traffic tool. 反常原因However, the modern citizen always take bicycle as their primary means either to safeguard the negative impact of climate change or improve the physic
26、al condition. 结论Thus, it can be concluded that buses as an economical means of travel will never vanish. 建议一Therefore, it is fairly reasonable and wise that urban dwellers should utilize bicycles as frequently as possible. 建议二In addition, another suggestion is that有几个原因可以解释这种变化。首先， 一个明显的原因是，当经济发展程度很
27、高时，城市居民必须倾向于将私家车视为最有效的交通工具。然而， 现代市民总是把自行车作为主要手段，以保护气候变化的负面影响或改善身体状况。因此， 可以得出结论，公共汽车作为经济出行的手段将永远不会消失。因此， 城市居民应该尽可能频繁地使用自行车是相当合理和明智的。 另外，另一个建议是精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 9 页No.3 我国居民年医疗开支和收入变化表（单位：万元）总体解释It can be clearly seen from thebar chart that the medical cost and total
28、 income of Chinas residents change during the period from 1985 to 2015. 起点解释Firstly, we can easily find that both medical spending and whole income accounted for the smallest share throughout the period. 变化规律In effect, there was enormous difference between the medical expense and total income. Moreo
29、ver, both data rose steadily from 1985 to 2005. 反常现象一However, what surprises us most is that the total income fell slight from 2005 to 2015. 反常现象二Interestingly, medical expenditure shrunk significantly during that period. 从条形图 可以清楚地看出，中国居民的医疗费用和总收入在 1985 年到 2015 年期间发生了变化。首先， 我们可以很容易发现，医疗开支和整体收入在整个期间
30、占比最小。实际上， 医疗开支和总收入之间存在巨大差异。此外， 这两个数据从1985 年到 2005 年稳步上升。 然而，令我们最惊讶的是，总收入在 2005 年到 2015 年期间略有下降。有趣的是， 医疗费用在这一时期显着缩水。There are several reasons that may account for such change. 规 律 原 因Firstly, when economy has advanced to a high degree, Chinas resident can afford more advanced medical care, which must
31、 be based on higher cost, positively correlated to growing income. 反常原因However,slightly decreased income may lead medical consumers to cut off their expense mostly due to the panic caused and the loss of sense of security.有几个原因可能导致这种变化。首先， 当经济发展程度很高时，中国居民能够负担更高级的医疗服务，这必须基于更高的成本，与收入的增长呈正相关。然而， 稍微减少的收
32、入可能导致医疗消费者切断其费用，主要是由于恐慌和失去安全感造成的。00.511.522.533.541985199520052015系列 1系列 2精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 9 页No.4 总体解释It can be clearly seen from the pie chart that the sales volume varies corresponding to different stage of a whole year .起点解释一Firstly, we can easily find that th
33、e data of the 4thquarter accounted for the smallest share, which was 10%. 起点解释二Moreover, it is interesting thatthe data of the 1st quarter is precisely equal to that of 2nd quarter, which was 20%, and exactly twice as many as the data of the 4th quarter. 反常现象However, what surprises us most is that t
34、he sales volume in 3rd quarter accounted for the largest share, which was 50%（which reached exactly half of the total volume）.从饼图 中可以清楚地看出，销售量 的变化对应于 一整年的 不同阶段 。首先，我们可以很容易发现，第四季度的数据占据最小份额，为 10。此外，有趣的是 第一季度的数据与第二季度的数据精确相等，是 20%，恰好是第四季度的数据的两倍。然而，令我们最惊讶的是，第三季度的销售量占最大份额，为50（恰好达到总量的一半）。20%20%50%10%销售量第一季
35、度第二季度第三季度第四季度精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 9 页六、完型词汇While, whereas, however, still, otherwise, despite, since, barely, seldom, hardly, rarely, compared, linked, subjected, opposite, hold, argue, claim, suggest, contend, address, account for, matter, work, process, picture, par
36、adox (paradoxical), dilemma, plausible, available (availability), community, perspective, context, according to, for example, for instance, in fact, in effect, indeed, rather (than), instead (of), comply with, conform to, turn out, in response, in terms of, in light of,equivalent, alternative.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 9 页