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1、高中化学第二章第二节分子的立体结构教案新人教版选修 3（High school chemistry, second chapters, second sections of the three-dimensional structure of the teaching plan, new teaching edition, elective 3）Topic: second dimensional structure of molecules (1) Class Class hour teach learn order The knowledge and Skill 1. recognize t
2、he diversity and complexity of covalent molecules 2. a preliminary understanding of valence electron pair repulsion model; 3., the three-dimensional structure of simple molecules or ions 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 7 页can be predicted by using the VSEPR model; process and Me
3、thod emotion attitude Sense of worth Train students rigorous and scientific attitude and spatial imagination A key The three-dimensional structure of molecules; the valence electron pair repulsion model is used to predict the solid structure of molecules Difficult point Valence electron pair repulsi
4、on theory know knowledge 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 7 页junction structure and plate book set up meter The second dimensional structure of molecules A variety of molecules 1., three atomic molecular structure: linear, C02, CS2, V, such as H2O, S02 and so on. 2., four atoms o
5、f three-dimensional structure: Flat Triangle: such as formaldehyde (CH20) molecules, such as triangular cone: such as ammonia molecules. 3., five atom molecular structure: positive tetrahedral, such as methane, P4 and so on. 4. molecular structure measurement: infrared spectrometer, absorption peak
6、and analysis. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 7 页Two, valence electron pair repulsion model 1. valence electron mutual exclusion model 2. VSEPR Theory: molecules or ions of ABn, A atom valence shell electron pair (including electron for the formation of covalent bonding and not
7、of the lone pair electrons) between the repulsive force, will make the atoms in molecules in the relative position as far as possible, in order to make between the minimum system of the lowest energy molecular repulsion. 3. valence electron pair repulsion model: (1) valence electrons on the central
8、atom are used to form covalent bonds: the repulsion of valence electrons in molecules (2) the central atom has lone pair electrons: the lone pair electrons also occupy the space around the central atom, and participate in the repulsion of each other so that the spatial structure of molecules changes
9、. The application of 4. valence electron pair repulsion theory (1) determine the number of valence electrons in the central atom A valence layer (2) calculation method of valence electron logarithm (3) determine the spatial configuration of valence electron pairs 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - -
10、- - - - -第 4 页，共 7 页(4) determination of molecular space configuration teaching process Teaching steps and contents Teaching methods, means and activities of teachers and students review the three parameters of the covalent bond. transition we know that many molecules have certain spatial structures
11、, such as:. What is the reason for the difference in the spatial structure of molecules, and what is the relationship between the three parameters of covalent bonds? We began to study the three-dimensional structure of molecules. Second the three-dimensional structure of the molecule A variety of mo
12、lecules most molecules are made up of more than two atoms, so there is the problem of the spatial relation of atoms in molecules, which is called the three-dimensional structure of molecules. For example, the solid structure of three atom molecules has two kinds of linear and V shapes. If the C02 mo
13、lecule is linear, and the H20 molecule is V, the bond angle of the two H - O bonds is 105 degrees. projection blackboard writing1, three atomic molecular structure: 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 7 页linear, C02, CS2, V, such as H2O, S02 and so on. two most four atom molecules a
14、dopt plane, triangular and triangular cones. For example, formaldehyde (CH20) molecules are planar triangles with a bond angle of about 120 degrees; The ammonia molecule assumes a triangular cone with a bond angle of 107 degrees. projection blackboard writing2, four atomic molecular structure: Flat
15、Triangle: such as formaldehyde (CH20) molecules, such as triangular cone: such as ammonia molecules. 28 the more solid structure of the five atom molecule, the most common is the tetrahedral structure, such as the three-dimensional structure of methane molecules, is a four body shape, the bond angle
16、 is 109 degrees. projection blackboard writing3, five atomic molecular structure: four sides of the body, such as methane, P4 and so on. The world of molecules is so varied, so colorful and so beautiful that it is so fascinating that the solid structure of the molecule is related to its stability. F
17、or example, the S8 molecule, such as a crown crown, would be less stable than the crown if one of the upward sulfur atoms turned upside down; and, for example, the chair C6H12 would be more stable than the 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 7 页boat type. projection question the mol
18、ecular space structure we see, then how scientists measured? projection reading scientific perspective - how is the three-dimensional structure of molecules measured? The naked eye can not see the molecules, then, how scientists know the molecular shape? Early scientists rely mainly on the macroscopic properties of the material obtained after the system summary that now, scientists 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 7 页