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1、学习必备欢迎下载Module 4 The way we look 重点单词 : dress, fit, overcoat, scarf, thick size, cool, dollar, succeed 重点短语 : Have on, shop assistant, show off, look forward to, on the right, above all, think about, put on, care about, as well, in order to, not.any more, no longer, turn off 重点语法 : 介词的用法单词句型详解 : 1.I
2、 m really looking forward to the Shakespeare play.look forward to+名词/代词/动名词 ,意为“ 期盼,盼望” 。拓展该短评中 ,to为介词 ,而不是不定式。类似的用法还有:devote oneself to doing sth.献身于做某事 ;give ones life to doing sth.献身于做某事 ;pay attention to doing sth.集中精力做某事 ;make a contribution to doing sth. 为某事做贡献 ;be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事等。2.
3、Yes, but I need a thick jacket and some warm gloves and socks. need 意为“ 需要”,作行为动词。 need to do sth. 需要做某事。当主语是物的时候,need后加动词 -ing 形式或 to be done的形式 ,表示和主语构成被动关系。如: It s cold today. You need to wear warm clothes. This bike needs repairing.=This bike needs to be repaired. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结
4、 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 11 页学习必备欢迎下载拓展need还可用作情态动词 ,常在否定句或疑问句中 ,后接动词原形。 need也可用作名词 “ 需要” 。如: Yon deedn t worry about me.Theres no need to thank me.3.Its the right size but its a bit bright.a bit表示“ 一点儿 ,有些” 。拓展 a bit, a little (1都可以用作副词词组 ,修饰动词、形容词、副词及比较级。如: I m a bit/little tied.Can you turen the rad
5、io up a bit/ a little? (2都可以做不定代词 ,意为“ 一点、少许 ”Can you give me a little/bit? (3后面都可接不可数名词 ,但是 a bit只有加了 of 后才跟名词。如 : There is a little bread on the plate.= There is a bit of bread on the plate. (4这两个词组前面加了not之后意义相反。 not a bit 相当于 not at all, 意为“ 一点也不”;nota little 相当于 very,意为 “ 非常” 。如: I m not a littl
6、e hungry.= Im very hungry.I m not a bit hungry. = Im not hungry at all.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 11 页学习必备欢迎下载4.I ts the training-not the trainers-that improves your speed or your score. 这是一个强调句。强调句的结构为:It is (was+被强调的部分 +that (who +其他部分。如 : It was on Monday night that all
7、this happened. It was Jane who helped me yesterday. It s the colour that I like most about the jacket.5.Most people dress in a way that shows off their personality. that shows off their personality在句中作定语 ,修饰名词 a way。show off 炫耀,卖弄,显示。和 show相关的短评还有 :show up露面,出现;show around参观;show sb. Sth=show sth. t
8、o sb. 给某人看某物。拓展show也可以作名词 ,常用短语为 on show展览,相当于 on display。易错易混词语 : 1.borrow, lend与 keep borrow: “借入” 。一般和 from 连用,常用结构为 borrow sth. From sb./somewhere,意为“ 从某人 /某处借某物 ” 。lend: “借出” 。一般和 to 连用,常用结构为 lend sb. Sth或 lend sth. To sb., 意为“ 把某物借给某人 ” 。keep: “借” 。通常表示 “ 借某物多长时间 ”,常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如: 精选学习资料 -
9、- - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 11 页学习必备欢迎下载I can borrow a book from him. Can you lend me your bike? You can keep the book for two weeks. 2.wear, put on, dress, have on 与 be in+颜色wear:强调穿的状态put on: 强调穿的动作dress: 表示“ 穿着、打扮 ” 既表示动作 ,也表示状态have on: 表示穿的状态 ,不用于进行时态be in+颜色:表示穿的状态如: I don t wea
10、r glasses.Put on your coat, because it is cold today. She was dressed in red. She always dresses well. He has a blue coat on. = He is wearing a blue coat. = He is in blue 3.fit 与 suit (1 fit 动词,意为“ 合适,符合” 。Fit 也可作形容词 ,新发展为 “ 合适的 ,适宜的 ”,常用结构为 be fit for。如: The coat doesnt fit me.精选学习资料 - - - - - - -
11、- - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 11 页学习必备欢迎下载This food is not fit for your visitors. 拓展keep fit 保持健康 ,此处 fit 为形容词 ,意为“ 健康的 ,强壮的 ” 。如: She tries to keep fit by fogging every day. (1suit指颜色、款式、质地上合适,穿起来协调、好看 ,合乎需要、口味、性格、条件和地位等 ;而 fit 侧重指尺寸、大小合适。如: Does the time suit you? Try the new key to see if it fi
12、ts? 4.succeed, success 与 successful (1succeed动词,意为“ 成功” 。如: The plan has succeeded. 常用搭配 :succeed in (doing sth. 成功做某事 ;succeed to sth. 继承某物。(2success 名词,意为 “ 成就,成功” 。如: I wish you success with your studies. (3successful形容词 ,意为“ 成功的 ,有成就的 ” 。如: He was successful in finding a good job. 5.spend, cost,
13、 pay 与 take. 四个词都有 “ 花费” 的意思 ,但用法不同 : (1cost通常指 “ 花费金钱 ”,其主语是物而不是人 ,其句型为 sth. cost (sb. money. 。如: 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 11 页学习必备欢迎下载The radio cost my mother eight yuan. (2spend指“ 花费时间、金钱 ”,主语一般是人。其结构为sb. Spend money/time on sth./ (in doing sth.。如: I spent 20 dollars o
14、n the dictionary. (3pay指“ 花钱,付钱 ”,主语只能是人 ,只能用于花钱 ,不用于花时间、其后跟钱作宾语,常用 for 搭配。如 : You will pay me 100 yuan for this meal. (4take意为“ 花费”,常用 it 作形式主语。如 : It took me three hours to get home last night. 介词介词不可单独使用 ,常放在名词或其他名词性的词、短语或从句的前面。但介词作定语时 ,一般需要后置。介词本身有词义,但不能独立构成句子成分 ,它能和很多词构成固定搭配。1.across, through,
15、over (1 across表示从物体的表面通过。Dont walk across the street. Its too dangerous.(2through表示从空间或者物体内部穿过。Sunlight comes in through the window. (3over表示动作是从空间范围上越过。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 11 页学习必备欢迎下载The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across the deserts, over the mount
16、ains, through the valleys, till a last it reaches the sea. 2.in, on, to表方位。(1 in 表示在某地区范围之内。Taiwan is in the south of China. (2on表示在范围之外 ,但与某地接壤。Hubei is on the north of Hunan. (3to表示在某地范围之外。Japan is to the east of China. 3.in, on, at表地点。(1 at一般用于表示较小的地点。at the station, at the school gate (2on表示在物体的
17、表面上。on the wall, on the table (3in 表示在较大的地点或一个有限的空间里。in the world, in China 4.in, on, at表时间。(1at多用在表示具体的钟点时刻前,也可以用于固定搭配中。at noon, at five oclock精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 11 页学习必备欢迎下载(2on主要用在星期几 ,具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上或节日前。on the norning of September 1st (3 in 表示“ 时间段 ”,用在月份、年
18、、季节、世纪、人生的某个时期或泛指一天的上午、下午或晚上前。in the morning/afternoon/ evening in ones sixtiesin the twenth-first century 5.范围不同的 between和 among between和 among这两个词都可表示 “ 在中间,在之中”,都是介词,但在用法上有区别。一般来说 ,between用于两者之间 ,among用于三者或者三者以上之间。between也可用于三者或者三者以上之间,不过是把这些事物分别看待,指每两者之间。He sat between Helen and Ann. The village
19、 lies among these mountains. 6.By, on, in 表示“ 乘交通工具 ”(1 by后直接加交通工具。by plane, by train (2on/in+冠词/代词+交通工具。in a car 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 11 页学习必备欢迎下载7.With, in, by 表示“ 用”(1 by常表示用某种方式或手段。This pair of shoes is made by hand. (2with 表示使用有形的工具 ,鞭后的名词前一般要加冠词。It is my practic
20、e to do my writing with a pencil. (3in 表示使用某种语言。Can you sing the song in English? in 还表示用墨水、颜色、颜料等原料或材料,且名词前不用冠词。You should write your homework in ink, not with a pencil. 8.时间段、时间点不同的after与 in (1 after表示以过去的某一时间为起点, “在之后”,后既可接时间点 ,又可接时间段。He started after three days. 如果 after用于一般将来时 ,那么其后应接时间点。We ll
21、get there after two oclock.(2in 表示从现在开始一段时间以后,它往往和一般将来时的肯定句连用,其后常接一段时间。He will come back in two days. 9.有无冠词 ,意义不同的 in front of 与 in the front of 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 11 页学习必备欢迎下载(1 in front of 在的前面 ,表某范围以外的前面。The restaurant is in front of the post office. (2in the fr
22、ont of 在的前面 ,表在某范围内部的前面。A driver sits in the front ot the car. 10.介词置于句末的情形。(1 在特殊疑问句中 ,当疑问词作介词的宾语时 ,介词要放在句末 ,不可漏掉。Where does he get the news from? (2动词不定式或动词不定式短语修饰名词或代词时,如果这个动词是不及物动词，要加上适当的介词，这个介词常放在句子末尾，不可漏掉。 I have many things to think about. (3 在由连词、接接代词、连接副词引导的表语从句中，如果引导词作句子后面介词的宾语，介词不可省略。 Thi
23、s is what I am looking for. 11. Its+形容词 +of/for sb. to do sth.结构 (1 Its+形容词 +for sb. to do sth.结构中，形容词用来说明 to do，即“ 做某事 是, ” It s important for us to learn English well. (2 Its+形容词 +of sb. to do sth.结构中，形容词是用来说明人的，以评价人的形容词为主。Its very kind of you to say so. 12.部分常考介词用法及意义归纳。 (1 about 关于、在, 周围。 I will
24、 tell you a story about birds. (2 against 后面、靠着。 Yesterday we played against a very strong team and we won. (3 as 作为、如同。 He gave me a beautiful card as my birthday present. (4 below 在, 之下。 Some places are below the sea level. (5 beside 在, 旁边、靠近。 There is a supermarket beside my home. (6 during 在, 期间
25、。 Theyll have a good time during the summer holiday. (7 for 表示一段时间、目的、原因等。 I have already studied in Beijing for two years. (8 like 像、和, 一样。 Your idea sounds like a good one. (9 until 直到。 He didn t finish his homework until 12 oclock. (10 with“具有，带有，和，因为，随首” 表示伴随、原精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 11 页学习必备欢迎下载因、两事物之前的相应关系、行为方式等。 Take an umbrella with you. (11 Without 没有。 Is she very unhappy without me. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 11 页