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1、定语从句 IRainbow定语从句的概述 在复合句中对名词、代词、名词性短语、句子进行修饰、限定的从句叫做定语从句。被修饰的成分叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系词有两种：关系代词和关系副词。常见的关系代词包括：that,which,who,whom,whose,关系副词包括：where,when,why等。关系代词和关系副词有三个作用：引导从句；指代先行词；在定语从句中做成分。 The people whom you met on the campus yesterday are from England. 先行词： 关系词： 关系词在从句中作的成分：the peoplewhom宾语宾语 He i
2、s reading a book which is written by Lu Xun.先行词：关系词：关系词在从句中作的成分:bookwhich主语主语关系代词的用法关系代词关系代词先行词先行词在从句中充当的成在从句中充当的成分分备注备注who人主语、宾语whom,which和that在从句中作宾语时，常常可以省略，但介词提前时后面的关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that 和whowhom人宾语which物主语、宾语that人或物主语、宾语、表语whose人或物定语whose+n.=(the +n.+of which/whom=of which/whom +the +n.关系代词用that而不
3、用which的情况 1.当先行词是all,much,anything,nothing,little,none等不定代词时（something,everything,anything作先行词时，关系代词偶尔也可以用which) She told me everything that she knew.关系代词用that而不用which的情况 2.先行词既有人又有物时 I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 3.先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰时 The first place that the
4、y visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.关系代词用that而不用which的情况 4.先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时 This is the best film that I have ever seen. 5.先行词为the last, the only, the very, the same等或被这些词修饰时 Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows.关系代词用that而不用which的情况 6.主句是以who 或which开头的特殊疑问句 Which is the true sto
5、ry that he told us ? 7.当先行词在主句中作表语或关系代词在从句中做表语时 Tom isnt the man that he used to be.关系代词用which不用that的情况 1.先行词为that时 -Whats that which is under the desk? -Its a football. 2.关系代词前有介词 This is the room in which he lives.关系代词用which不用that的情况 3.引导非限制性定语从句时 Tom came back, which made us happy.定语从句的注意事项 1. 关系
6、代词在从句中作主语时，根据先行词的单复数确定从句谓语动词的单复数 He is the only one of the students who knows French in our class. He is one of the students who know French in our classthe only one 为先行词students为先行词定语从句的注意事项 2. 关系代词的省略。在限制性定语从句中，关系代词作动词的或介词的宾语时常常可省略。 The boy(that/who/whom/)we saw last night was Li Ming. 3.the same.
7、as 与the same .that的区别 一般情况下，the same.as指的是与先行词同类的事物/人，而the same.that与先行词指的是同一个事物/人。 This is the same pen as I bought yesterday. This is the same pen that I borrow from Mr Li.练习 1.The place_ interested me most was the Chilarens Palace. A. which B.where C.what D.in which2.Do you know the man _?A.whom
8、I spoke B.to who spokeC.I spoke to D. that I spokeAc 3. This is the hotel _last month. A.which they stayed B.at that they stayed C.where they stayed at D.where they stayed 4.Do you know the year _ the Chinese Communist Party was founded ? A. which B.that C.when D.on whichDc 5. That is the day _ I ll
9、 never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory _well visit next week is not far from here. A.where B.to which C. which D.in whichAc 7.Great changes have taken place in the factory _ we are working since then. A. where B.that C.which D.there 8.This is one of the best films _ A.
10、 that have been shown this year B.that have shown C.that has been shown this year D. that has shownAA 9. Can you lend me the book _the other day? A. about which you talked B.which you talked C.about that you talked D. that you talked 10. The pen _he is writing is mine. A.with which B.in which C.on w
11、hich D.by which AA 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of _sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C.which D.that 12.The engineer _ my father works is about 50 years old. A.to whom B.on whom C. with which D.with whomcD 13. Is there anyone in your class _ family is in the country? A.who B.whos C.which D.whose 14.I am interested in _ you have said. A.all that B.all what C.that D.whichDA 15. I want to use the same dictionary _ was used yesterday. A. whcih B.who C.what D.as 16. He isnt such a man _ he used to be. A.who B.whom C.that D.asDD谢谢观赏