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1、专题专题1414正反解读主谓一致与数词正反解读主谓一致与数词 规则6:a number of复数名词,意为“许多”,是复数意义;the number of复数名词,意为“的数目”,是单数意义。the population of意为“的人口数量”,作主语时,谓语用单数;但如果是分数/百分数/half of/the rest ofthe population 作主语时,谓语则用复数,具体指其中的多少人,是复数意义。the average of意为“的平均数量”,作主语时,谓语用单数。如: The number of the students in our school is quite large
2、 and a number of teachers work hard. 规则7:“theadj.”结构指人时,谓语动词用复数;如果表示抽象的概念,谓语动词用单数。专题专题1414 考点归纳考点归纳 规则8:分数、百分数及all, some, the rest, half of, most of, part of 等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数根据其指代的含义确定。如:The rest of the workers are still very tired. 规则9:主语为集体名词时,如果表示一个整体,谓语动词用单数;如果指其中的个体,谓语动词用复数。这类集体名词常见的有:army, audie
3、nce, cattle, class, club, committee, crowd, family, government, group, majority, minority, people, police, public, staff, team等,其中cattle,people,police一般看成复数形式。专题专题1414 考点归纳考点归纳 规则10:当and连接两个并列主语在意义上指同一人、同一物、同一事或者同一概念时,应看作单数,谓语动词用单数形式。另外,当and 连接两个形容词修饰一个单数形式的主语时,其实是指两种不同的事物,主语则应该看作是复数,那么谓语动词也应该用复数。如:
4、 War and peace is a constant theme in history. Chinese and Japanese silk are of good quality. 规则11:what 引导的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于作表语的名词的单复数形式。如: What surprised me most was his attitude towards his study.专题专题1414 考点归纳考点归纳 规则12:such 作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式要根据其意义而定。如: Such is Stephen Hawking, who has suffered a
5、great deal but achieved so much. 规则13:“quantities of名词”作主语时,不论名词是复数还是不可数,谓语一律用复数。如: Every day quantities of water are wasted.专题专题1414 考点归纳考点归纳 2形式一致原则 主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致:主语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语亦采取复数形式。 规则1:every/each/no 修饰单数名词,以及and连接的两个有every/each/no修饰的单数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式。如:Every boy and every girl
6、is having sports now. 规则2:“more than one/many a单数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如: More than one student has failed the exam.专题专题1414 考点归纳考点归纳 3就近一致原则 规则1:当连词or, notbut; eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut (also)等连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词的形式常与最靠近的词语保持一致。如: Either I or they are responsible for the result of the matter. 规则
7、2:在倒装句中,谓语与后面第一个主语的数保持一致。如:In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people. 规则3:当一个句子是由 there 或here引起,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常和最靠近它的主语一致。如: There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.专题专题1414 考点归纳考点归纳 4承前一致原则 规则:主语后接介词with, together with, along with, except, besides, as
8、 well as, in, of 等连接的词语时,谓语动词的数要和这些短语前面的名词的单复数保持一致。如: Mr. Green together with his children goes to the park every Sunday.专题专题1414 考点归纳考点归纳 考点二数词数词分为基数词、序数词、分数、小数和概数。复习时要注意下面的问题:规则1:表示事物数量的多少,特别是hundred,thousand,million, billion等,前面若有基数词或某些表示数量的形容词时,它们只能用单数形式。规则2:序数词一般由基数词th构成。以y结尾的基数词构成序数词时,先把y变为i,再
9、加eth。如twentieth; fiftieth。常用的不规则的序数词有:first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth。序数词前通常要加定冠词the,但序数词不表示顺序而表示“再一;又一”时,前面要用不定冠词a/an。专题专题1414 考点归纳考点归纳 规则3:年代的表达是“the年代s”或“the年代s”。 规则4:分数的表达是分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于“1”时,分母要用复数形式。规则3:年代的表达是“the年代s”或“the年代s”。专题专题1414 考点归纳考点归纳 专题专题1414 反面解读反面解读反面解读1单句改
10、错单句改错(1)One or perhaps more pages is missing. 解析解析 is改为改为are。由。由or连接两个名词或代词作主语时,连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应遵循谓语动词应遵循“就近一致就近一致”原则。原则。(2)Large quantities of food was carried to the city. 解析解析 was改为改为were。“large quantities of复数名词复数名词/不可数名词不可数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数形式,即与作主语,谓语动词用复数形式,即与quantities一致。一致。 (3)All he said ar
11、e wrong. 解析 are改为is。all 作主语时,若all为复数概念,谓语动词用复数形式,若all为一个整体概念,谓语动词用单数形式。 (4)The teacher, as well as his students, are going to see the film this afternoon. 解析 are改为is。当as well as连接两个名词时,谓语动词与前面一个名词保持一致。专题专题1414 反面解读反面解读 2 【误】 Several millions people in the world are sending information by email every
12、 day. 【正】 Several million people in the world are sending information by email every day. 解析 在million,hundred等数词前如果有具体数字或 several等词修饰时,要用单数形式。但在表示不确切数目时用复数,如:表示“数百万”,应为millions of。专题专题1414 反面解读反面解读 3 【误】 The company had about 20 computers but only onethird was used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long. 【正】 The company had about 20 computers but only onethird were used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long. 解析 本题中的onethird指代的是computers的三分之一,因此此处谓语动词要用复数形式。专题专题1414 反面解读反面解读22 结束语结束语