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1、被动语态全解语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者 ,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。一被动语态的时态：1.一般现在时的被动语态：2.一般过去时的被动语态：3.一般将来时的被动语态：4.过去将来时的被动语态：5.现在进行时的被动语态：6.过去进行时的被动语态：7.现在完成时的被动语态：8.过去完成时的被动语态：9.情态动词的被动语态：10.动词不定时的被动语态：二被动语态的基本用法: (1) 需要强调动作的承受者时The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people all o
2、ver the world English is widely spoken in the world now. (2) 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时Mr. Wang is invited to the meeting today . The problem is dealt with now . (3) 当说话人需要强调客观时It is said that she was a beauty when she was young . 三主动主动语态变被动语态的变法：口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done , 时不变，数格必须随被变。注：1.主动、被动的时态要一致。2.主动、被动的句式要一
3、致。3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。语态转换不被动语态的步骤1, 把原主动句中的宾语转换为被动语态的主语2, 把动词改为被动语态形式即be+ 过去分词 。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 17 页3, 原来主动语态句子中的主语,如果需要就放在by 的后面以它的宾格形式出现(因为 by 是介词 ,后面需跟宾格作介词的宾语。 )以指明做事的人或物 ,如果没有必要,可以省略。4, 其它成分不变5, 被动语态中 by+宾语的省略被动语态句式中的 by+ 宾语表示及物动词所表示动作的执行者,但是在遇到以下情况时 ,
4、表示动作执行者 by + 宾语常常被省略。(1) 动作执行者不确定时Paper is made from wood . Many people are killed in traffic accidents every year . (2) 不必表明动作执行者时English is also spoken as the second language as well as one of the official languages Football is played in most schools。(3 ) 动作执行者为一般大众时Both English and Spanish are sp
5、oken in this area. 一般过去时的被动语态的基本句式(1) 肯定式 :主语+ was /were +过去分词 +by It was made in Beijing Renai Education Institute . (2) 否定式 :主语+was /were + not + 过去分词 + by She was not given a paniting by him . This question was not discussed at the meeting yesterday . (3) 一般疑问句 :Was /Were + 主语+过去分词 +by ? Was it m
6、ade of bamboo? (4) 特殊疑问句 :特殊疑问词 +was/were + 过去分词 +by What was is made of ? 教你一招如果句子为一般现在时 ,主动语态用 do/does , 被动语态用 is/am /are 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 17 页如果句子为一般过去时 ,主动语态用 did , 被动语态用 was /were . 由情态动词构成的被动语态的基本句式(1) 肯定式 :主语+情态动词 +be+ 过去-Water can be changed into ice. She
7、ought to tidy up her bedroom-Her bedroom ought to be tidied up. You should buy a dictionary at once -A dictionary should be bought at once by you. (2) 否定式 :主语+ 情态动词 +not +be + 过去分词 +by You must not take out any books .- Any books mustnt be taken out by you . They neednt look after the little child -
8、The little child neednt be looked after (by them) (3) 疑问句 :情态动词 +主语+be + 过去分词 +by Can you use it ?-Can it be used ? 常见的情态动词有 :can,may, ought to, must , dare , need,should. 主动语态不能变为被动语态的情况: 1, 当宾语是反身代词时The man introduced himself as Mr.Parker . 2,当谓语是表示状态的及物动词时Does the pair of new shoes suit you? We w
9、ill have a meeting . 四特殊情况的被动语态：1.带双宾语的被动语态：动词+ sb( 间宾) +sth( 直宾) 口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。1).give/pass /show 与介词 to 搭配。give sb sth sb +be given sth 或 sth +be given +to sb . 2).buy/make/cook 与介词 for 搭配。buy sb sth sb +be bought + sth 或 sth +be bought +for sb 1）He gave me a book I _ _ a book b
10、y him. A book _ _ _ me by him . 2）My mother made me a cake . I _ _ a cake by my mother A cake _ _ _ me by my mother . 2.带省 to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词+ sb + do sth . 口诀：感使动词真叫怪， to 来 to 去记心怀，主动语态to 离去被动语态 to 回来。动词： make / let /have /see /hear /feel /watch make sb do sth -sb + be +made +to do sth The boss mad
11、e the workers work all day The workers _ _ _ work all day by the boss. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 17 页3. see /hear /notice /keep +sb +doing sth 句型中变被动语态时doing 不变。I heard Tom singing just now Tom _ _ _ by me just now . 4.以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。We should take care o
12、f the old . The old should _ _ _ _ . 五注意事项：1.有些及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态：last ,have ,own .belong to ,suitfine ,2.不及物动词是没有被动语态：happen ,take place ,appear , hold (容纳) 3.系动词是没有被动语态：Look, feel ,sound ,smell ,taste .The dish tastes good . 4.有些词组没有被动语态：sell well , write well ,ride well ,drive well This kind of sk
13、irt sells well. 5.need 表示需要时，后面常接doing 形式表示被动意义，相当于to be done . All the computers need repairing .= All the computers need _ _ _ . 6.在 tooto 及 enough to 结构中有时表示被动意义。The problem is too difficult to solve. （一）一、单项选择( )1. Do you often clean your classroom? Yes. Our classroom _ every day. A. clean B.cle
14、ans C.is cleaned D.is cleaning ( )2.A talk on developments in science and technology_in the school hall next week. A. given B.will be given C.has been given D.give ( )3.His new book_ next month. A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published ( )4. Did you go to Jac
15、ks birthday party?No,I_. A. am not invited B.wasnt invitedC.havent invited D.didn t invite( )5. Mum,can I go to the zoo with Jack? When your homework_,you can.A. is done B.was done C.does D.did ( )6.Twenty yearolds should not_to drive in China. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 17
16、 页A.allow B.be allow C.be allowed D.allowed. ( )7.Seeing him rush into the room with tears in his eyes,I asked him what_. A.would happen B.had happened C.happened D.was happened. ( )8.The book Businessthe Speed of Thought _in 1999. A.writes B.is written C.wrote D.was written. ( )9.Trees and flowers_
17、every year to make our country more beautiful. A.is planted B.was planted C.are planted D.were planted. ( )10.China s sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang_Good Will Ambassadors( 亲善大使 )for Shang hai. A.has been named B.have been named C.has named D.have named. ( )11.The earth is our home.It _well. A.m
18、ust be protected B.should protect C.need protect D.should protected. ( )12.In recent years, many children are made _ what they are not_. A.to do;interested in B.to do;interested C.do;interested D.do;interested. ( )13._a new library_in your school last year? A.Is;built B.Was;built C.Does;built D.Did;
19、built. ( )14.An accident_on this road last week. A.has been happened B.was happened C.is happened D.happened. ( )15.Cotten _in the southeast of China. A.is grown B.are grown C.grows D.grow. ( )16.So far, the moon_by man already. A. is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visited. ( )17
20、.How many trees _this year? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 17 页A.are planted B.will plant C.have been planted D.planted. ( )18.A lot of things _by people to save the little girl now. A.are doing B.are being done C.has been done D.will be done. ( )19.Neither of them _ in China A
21、.is made B.are made C.were made D.made. ( )20.Look! A nice picture_for our teacher. A. is drawing B.is being drawn C.has been drawn D.draws. ( )21.Your shoes_.You need a new pair. A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D.is worn. ( )22.The doctor_for yet. A.isn t sent B.hasnt been sentC.wont be sent D
22、.wasnt sent.( )23 When _this kind of computer_? Last year. A.did;use B.was;used C.is;used D.are;used ( )24.The Great Wall_about all over the world. A.knows B.knew C.is known D.was known. ( )25.I_in summer. A.born B.was born C.have been born D.am born. ( )26.He says that Mr Zhang_to the factory next
23、week. A.is sent B.would send C.was sent D.will be sent. ( )27.Who _this book_? A.did;written B.was;written by C.do;written D.was;written ( )28.Mary _show me her new dictionary. A.has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asks to ( )29. A story _ by Granny yesterday. A.was told us B.was told to us C.i
24、s told us D.told us ( )30.The monkey was seen_out of the tree. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 17 页A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump （二）二、单项选择1 ( ) 1 The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949. A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found ( ) 2 English _ in Canada.
25、 A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken ( ) 3 This English song_ by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung ( ) 4 This kind of car _ in Japan.A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made ( ) 5 New computers _ all over the world. A. is used B. ar
26、e using C. are used D. have used 2 ( ) 1 Our room must _ clean.A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep ( ) 2 -Id like to buy that coat. -Im sorry. _. A. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. it had been sold ( ) 3 A new house _ at the corner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C.
27、been built D. be building ( ) 4 The key _ on the table when I leave. A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left ( ) 5 Doctors _ in every part of the world. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need 3( ) 1 Japanese _ in every country. A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking
28、 D. is not speaking ( ) 2 These papers_yet. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 17 页A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written ( ) 3 The sports meet _ be held until next week. A. didnt B. wont C. isnt D. doesnt 4 ( ) 1 -My shoes are worn
29、out.- _. A. Cant they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it. C. How much do they cost? D. Cant they mended? ( ) 2 _ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it. A. Does B. Has C. Is D. Are ( ) 3 _ these desks be needed?A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do 5( ) 1 Why _ to talk about it yesterday? A. didnt a
30、 meeting hold B. wasnt a meeting held C. wasnt held a meeting D. a meeting wasnt held ( ) 2 Who was the book_?A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by ( ) 3 Where _ these boxes made?A. was B. were C. is D. am 6( ) 1 The flowers_often. A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must wat
31、er ( ) 2 The books may_ for two weeks. A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow ( ) 3 The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith. A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended 7( ) 1 The old bridge in my hometown_ next month. A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuilt
32、 D. are going to rebuilt 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 17 页( ) 2 The play _ at the theatre next Sunday. A. is going to be shown B.will shown C. will show D. is shown ( ) 3 The old stone bridge _ next week. A. is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuild C. are going to be rebuilt
33、 D. will rebuild 8( ) 1 Now these magazines_ in the library for a long time. A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept ( ) 2 The pot _ for _ hot water. A. used; keeping B. was used; keepingC. is used; to keep D. are used; keep ( ) 3 Tea _ in the south of China. A. grows B. i
34、s grown C. were grown D. will grow ( ) 4 The bridges_ two years ago. A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built ( ) 5 Wet clothes are often_up near a fire in rainy weather. A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung 9( ) 1 The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty things into it. A. be stopped t
35、o throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing ( ) 2 The teapot _ water. A. is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled ( ) 3 Old people must be looked after well and _ politely. A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to ( ) 4 Old people must _. A. look after we
36、ll B. be looked well after 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 17 页C. looked well after D. be looked after well 10( ) 1 Newly-born babies_in hospital. A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C. take good care of D. take good care ( ) 2 They were_ at the sudden noise. A. fri
37、ghtening B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens ( ) 3 These walls_stones. A. are made of B. made of C. are made into D. made into 11( ) 1 Jane _ to sing us an American song last Saturday. A. called B. was asked C. told D. was said ( ) 2 The papers _ to them. A. were shown B. show C. shown / D. have
38、shown ( ) 3 The coat_her sister. A.made to B.were made for C.was made for D.was made to 12 ( ) 1 I _ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not. A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given ( ) 2 Good care_such things. A. should take of B. should be taken C. should be taking D. should be t
39、aken of ( ) 3 She will_good care_. A.take;of B.be taken;of C. take;for you D. be taken;of you 13( ) 1 The teacher made him_ his homework. A. to do B. do C. did D. done ( ) 2 The boy_ streets without pay in the old days. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 17 页A. was made to clean B
40、. made clean C. made to clean D. was made clean ( ) 3 These children_dance. A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to 14( ) 1 These stones_well. A. are fitted B. fit C. fits D. is fitted ( ) 2 The bike _ 500 yuan. A. was cost B. costed C. cost D. is costed ( ) 3 The important meeting _
41、 on a cold morning last year. A. was had B. was held C. held D. had 15 ( ) 1 Great changes_ in the past ten years in China. A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D. had taken place ( ) 2 You cant use the computer, it_. A.was broken down B.is wrong C.is bad D.has broken down ( ) 3 Gr
42、eat changes_in our country during the past 20 years. A. have happened B. happened C. have been happened D. were happened ( ) 4 The watch has often _ down.A. sat B. lain C. broken D. fell 16 ( ) 1 Please pass me another cup. This one_. A. is broken B. is breaking C. broke D. broken ( ) 2 The story bo
43、oks_ by the writer in the 1960s. A. are written B. were written C. are writing D. were writing ( ) 3 What time _ the door _ every day? A. does; closed B. does; close C. is; closed D. /; close 17 ( ) 1 Can he_ himself? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 17 页A. get dress B. get dres
44、sed C. gets dressed D. instead of ( ) 2 He fell from his bike and _. A. is hurt B. gets hurt C. got hurt D. hurt ( ) 3 Lookout, please keep away from the fire,or your trousers will_. A. burnt B. burn C. burning D. get burnt 18 ( ) 1 The apple_very sweet. A. is tasted B. taste C. tastes D. are tastin
45、g ( ) 2 You_ more beautiful in the light blue shirt. A. see B. watch C. look D. look at ( ) 3 What you said _ like a good idea. A. heard B. listened C. sound D. sounded 19 ( ) 1 -What do you think of the TV play? -Wonderful. It is worth_ a second time. A. watching B. watched C. seen D. seeing ( ) 2
46、How dirty the tables are! They need_. A. to clean B. clean C. cleaning D. cleaned ( ) 3 The book is worth _. A. seeing B. reading C. seen D. read 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 17 页（一）参考答案15CBABA 610CBDCB 1115AABDA 1620CCBAB 2125CBBCB 2630DBBBD （二）参考答案：1. 1-5 B D D D C 2. 1-5
47、B C B B C 3. 1-3 A B B 4. 1-3 A B A 5. 1-3 B D B 6. 1-3 B A D 7. 1-3 A B A 8. 1-5 D B B C D 9. 1-4 B A D D 10. 1-3 B B A 11. 1-3 B A C 12. 1-3 D D B 13. 1-3 B A A 14. 1-4 B C B 15. 1-4 B D A C 16. 1-3 A B C 17. 1-3 B C D 18. 1-3 C C D 19. 1-3 A C B - 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13
48、 页，共 17 页初中英语语法专项习题14- 被动语态( ) 1 The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949. A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found ( ) 2 English _ in Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken ( )3 This English song_ by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is
49、often sang D. is often sung ( ) 4 This kind of car _ in Japan. A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made ( ) 5 New computers _ all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used 2 ( ) 1 Our room must _ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep ( ) 2 -Id like to buy that coa
50、t. -Im sorry. _. A. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. it had been sold ( ) 3 A new house _ at the corner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building ( ) 4 The key _ on the table when I leave. A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left ( ) 5 Doctor