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1、读书破万卷下笔如有神主谓一致考点归纳就近原则1. 由并列结构或连词（eitheror， neithernor，notbut， not only but also， or 等）连接的并列主语，谓语动词与靠近的那个名词或代词保持一致。例句： Neither his parents nor Tom is at home. Tom 和他的父母都不在家。Note： “either or, neithernor, or”连接的两个主语若是一单一复，最好将复数放在后面而接复数动词。2. 在倒装句和there be句型中，谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致。例： There is a book and som
2、e pens on the desk. 桌子上有一本书和几支钢笔。There comes the bus. 汽车来了。3. 在定语从句中，关系代词作主语，其谓语动词应与它所指代的先行词保持一致。例句： I know the man who is talking to my father. 我认识那个正在和我父亲谈话的人。4. 在强调句中，连接代词又在句中作主语，这时它应与被强调的主语保持一致。例句： It is Marys brother who was injured in the car accident. 是 Mary 的哥哥在车祸中受伤了。意义一致原则1. 当主语与谓语动词之间插入al
3、ong with ，with ，as well as，together with ， no less than，besides，except， but，including 等短语时，谓语动词不受这些插入语的干扰，依然和主语保持一致。 例句： I, along with my sister, am going to Shanghai next month. 我，还有我姐姐，打算下个月去上海。2. 英语中有一类单、复数同型的词 （people，means，sheep，deer，fish 等） ，其单复数取决于它在句中的含义。例句： All of the people in the country
4、have been prepared for the great reformation. Every means has been tried./ All means have been tried. 3. 多数情况下，由“what”引导的名词性从句作主语时，其后的谓语动词通常用单数形式。例句： What I want to say is just “ Take care!”.我只想说：“多保重！”4. 当主语与all，none，any，some 等不定代词、形容词连用时，应根据具体句意，决定其后谓语动词单复数。例句： All I know about this company is wha
5、t he told me yesterday.我对这家公司的了解都是昨天他告诉我的。5. “ + (of) + 名词”结构描述数量时，如果“of”后的名词为单数（不可数名词），则谓语动词用单数，如果名词为复数，则谓语动词用复数。例句： Most of the water here is clean. 大部分的水是干净的。Half of the apples are red. 80% cotton has been sent to America.80% 的棉花已经被送往美国。6. 词组“a number of， a great/good many， a group of +可数名词复数” 的结
6、构作主语时，谓语动词应用复数；如果冠词a变为 the，则谓语动词用单数。例句：A number of ancient buildings are destroyed in the war. 许多的古代建筑在战争中被毁。The number of the visitors has decreased this year. 游客的数量今年减少了。7. 英语的集体名词 （committee, crowd, family, public, group, party, team, class, club, company, union等词） ，指代“整体”时为单数；指代“其中的各成员”则为复数。例句：
7、My family was very poor when I was a little girl.当我还是一个小女孩儿的时候，我家很穷。My family are all looking forward to your coming. 我的家人都在期待着你的到来。8 主语是 a lot of， lots of，plenty of ，百分比 +of+ 名词时，谓语动词的形须依照名词的数而确定。9 主语是 kind of ，type of，pair of ，variety of ，amount of， mass of，quantity of+ 名词时，谓语动词的形须依照kind， amount，p
8、air，quantity 的数来确定。10 主语是 a/the population 时，谓语动词用单数形。主语是分数、 百分数 +of+population 时，谓语动词用复数形。11 些名词化的形容词前加the，泛指某一类人或物。指人时，谓语动词用复数；指物时，谓语动词用单数。The old need taking good care of. The beauty is hers.整体原则1. 从句、不定式、动名词等作主语时谓语动词一律视作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。例句： When to leave has not been decided.什么时候离开还没有定下来。精选学习资料 - -
9、- - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 4 页读书破万卷下笔如有神Go shopping on Sunday is one of his habits. 周日购物是他的一个习惯。Note：如果主语是两个(或两个以上 )的名词性从句，谓语动词常用复数。例句： What he said and what he did were always different. 他所说的和他所做的总是不一样。2. 如果两个以上的名词组成一个整体概念作主语时，谓语动词须用单数。例句：The novelist and poet is going to Europe next
10、 year. 这位小说家兼诗人打算明年去欧洲。The novelist and the poet are going to Europe next year. 小说家和诗人都打算明年去欧洲。分析： a)句中小说家和诗人the novelist and poet为同一个人，故谓语动词用单数；而 b)句中有两个人，一个是小说家the novelist，另一个是诗人the poet。3. 专用名词，如：书名、剧名、报刊名、国家名等，通常作单数用。例：The United States was found it 1776.4. 表示时间、 距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体， 谓语动词用单
11、数。 例：10 minutes is enough. 个体原则1. and 连结的两个或多个主语前如果有each, every, no 等修饰语时 （后面的一个有时也可省略），后面的谓语动词用单数形式。例句：Every man and every woman is busy at working. 每个人都在忙着工作。2. 英语句中的each， either， neither 等词，既可作代词充当主语，又可作形容词修饰主语，这时的谓语动词一律用单数。例句：Neither of us has been abroad. 我们谁都没出过国。3. 由 some, any every, no 构成的复合
12、词（somebody，nobody，everything，anything 等）作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例句：Somebody is waiting for you at the school gate. 有人在学校门口等你。4. many a / more than one + 单数名词，一般接单数谓语动词。例句： Many a man does not understand Einsteins relativity. 许多人不明白爱因斯坦的相对论。5. “one and a half + 复数名词”作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。例：One and a half hours has pass
13、ed. 6. 成双成对出现的复数名词（glasses， scissors， shoes，trousers，pants，gloves，stockings 等）作主语时，通常谓语动词用复数，但如果前面有a /the pair of；a /the suit of 等词语时， 则谓语动词要用单数。例句：A pair of scissors is useful tool for a dressmaker. 剪刀是裁缝的重要工具。7. 以“ -s”结尾的“复数”名词（例如；一些学科名词mathematics， physics， politics 等） ，或以“ -s”结尾的地点名词、人名等词后面的谓语动词
14、通常用单数。例句：Mathematics is my favorite subject. 练习请用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。1. Three years _ (have) passed since they met last time, and for them, three years_ (be) really a long time. 2. _ (be) everybody going to take part in the game this afternoon? 3. My family _ (be) the largest one in our village. Besides,
15、my family _ (be) all party members. 4. The whole class _ (be) now listening to the teacher attentively. 5. The news _ (be) very exciting. 6. To learn one or two foreign languages _ (be) very important nowadays. 7. The last and most difficult lesson _ (be) Lesson 14. 8. I, who _ your friend, will try
16、 my best to help you. 9. The scientist and engineer _ (have) invented a new machine. 10. Alice，together with her friends，_ (be) punished for having broken the school rules. 11. Every girl and every boy _ (have) the right to join the club. 12. _ (be) either she or you to go and attend the meeting? Ne
17、ither she nor I_(be). 13. Ancient and modern history _ (be) the subjects we are studying. 14. Many a scientist _ (have) devoted their lives to science. 15. The old _ (be) respected in our country. 16. We each _ (have) strong points and each of us on the other hand _(have) weak points. 17. A library
18、with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift. (offer) 18. The police _ (be) determined to bring back the missing boy when his family _ (have) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 4 页读书破万卷下笔如有神almost given up all hope. 19. Only one of the students who _ present_ to speak at the
19、meeting. (be) 20. When and where to build the new factory _ yet. (not decide) 21. Reading magazines and novels _ helpful.(be) 22. Its not you but Mr. Anderson who _ to answer for the incident.(be) 23. The number of people invited _fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. (be) 24.
20、I dont think the poor _ always poor. (be) 25. At the meeting each man and each woman _ praised by the manager yesterday.(be) 26. One and a half days _ what I need. (be). 27. Sixty percent of the work_ . (do) 28. _ neither you nor your brother interested in swimming ? (be) 29. Such films as _ shown y
21、esterday _ not worth seeing again.(be) 30. Three fourths of the earths surface _ covered with water. .(be) 31. About 85 percent of the students _ good , and part of them _ interested in biology. (be) 32. Politics _ now taught in all schools. .(be) 33. Our headmaster and secretary _ kind and strict.
22、(be) 34. More than one girl _ late for class this morning. (be) 35. Many a student _ in the exam. (fail) 36. No boy and no girl _ waiting for the bus. (be) 37. Great quantities of fish _ in the river in the past few days (catch) 38. This is the one of the books on the subject that _ ever been writte
23、n in Chinese(have) 39. The worlds supplies of oil _ gradually _ up with the development of industry and the increase of cars (use) ( 现在进行时 ) 40. The population of China _over 12 million and eighty percent of them _ peasants. (be) 41. All but one _ here just now. (be) 42. More than 60 percent of worl
24、ds radio programs _ in English. (be) 43. A large number of students of this school _ fond of playing football (be) 44. Mary as well as her sisters _ Chinese in China now.(study) 45. Ten dollars _a big sum for a small child, and they will go a long way . (be) 46. Apples of this kind _ good. (taste) 4
25、7. The Olympic Games _ held every four years. (be) 48. No one but her parents _ it.(know) 49. The paper for books and newspapers _ made of wood.(be) 50. It is she who _ wrong. (be) 51. Twenty of us are old. The rest _ young. 52. The Smiths _ to move into the new building (be) 53. Bread and butter _
26、a kind of food. (be) 54. The watch and chain _ of gold(make) 55. Half the eggs _ bad. (be) 56. There _ a map of the world and some pictures on the wall. (be) 57. A large quantity of water pipes _ needed. (be) 58. Nobody except Bill and Johnny _entered the second round of the interview.(have) 59. My
27、driving license, rather than my credit cards, _ lost . (be) 60. Every hour and every minute _ important. (be) 答案与解析：1. have; is。表示时间、金钱、距离、重量的复数名词表示单位数量用作主语时，通常看作整体，谓语动词用精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 4 页读书破万卷下笔如有神单数形式（第二空）; 若强调数目，谓语动词用复数形式（第一空）。2. Is。不定代词anyone, anybody, anyth
28、ing, everyone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, something, nobody, nothing 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。3. is; are。集体名词family, class 等作主语时，如果强调整体（第一空），谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调个体（ 第二空），则用复数形式。4. are。5. is。某些名词以 -s 结尾，表面看是复数形式，实际上是单数概念，如physics, news 等，它们作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。6. is。当主语是不定式短语，-ing 形式短语或主语从句时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。7.
29、 is。一个单数名词同时被两个不同的形容词修饰，如果表示的是同一概念，谓语动词一般用单数。该句意为“ 最后一课十四课是最难的一课。” 8. am。9. has。两个名词或代词由and 连接作主语时，当and 不表示并列意义，而连接两个在意义上表示同一人、物或概念或由两个部件配成的物品时，谓语动词用单数。10. was。 主语后面接说明主语的修饰语，如用 with ， along with ， as well as, like, rather than, but, except, besides, including 等与修饰语连接，谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响，仍保持同主语一致的关系。11. h
30、as。两个并列的名词由each，every， no 等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数。12. Is; am。当用作主语的两个名词或代词由or， either . or, neither . nor 或 not only . but also 等连接时，谓语通常与邻近的名词或代词保持一致。13. are。一个单数名词同时被两个不同的形容词修饰，表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词一般用复数。14. has。“ many a + 单数名词 ” 作主语时，表达的是复数意义，但谓语动词要用单数。15. are。“the+ 形容词/ 过去分词 ” 表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数。16. have, has 17is
31、 offered 18are, have 19 are ,is 20 is not decided 21 is 22 is, 23was, were 24 are 25 was 26 is 27 has been done 28 Are 29 were, are 30 is 31 are, are 32 is 33 is 34 was 35 has failed 36 is 37 have been caught 38.has 39.are being; used 40is; are 41were 42 are 43. are 44 studies 45is 46 taste 47 arefour 48 knows 49 has 50 is 51 are 52 are 53 is 54. is made 55 are 56 is 57 are 58 has 59 is 60 is 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 4 页