2022年中考词组总结 2.pdf

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1、读书破万卷下笔如有神中考词组总结(一)1. a bit (of) 有一点儿a bit 后面跟形容词,意思与a little 一样都是 “ 一点儿 ” 修饰不可数名词;a bit of 后面跟着名词,如: a nice bit of craft 精美的手工艺品辨析 :not a little Vs not a bit 前者翻译成 不是一点 ,后者翻译成一点也不。2. a couple of 两个;几个不一定是确切的两个,所以也可以泛指几个,如:We have met for a couple of times. 我们确实见过几面。3.a group of 一群,如: A group of stu

2、dents came out when I walked in. 注意: a group of 作句子的主语时,谓语动词应该用复数 ,因为它修饰可数名词。4. a kind of 一种 ; 一类,如 : This is a new kind of fruit.这是一种新的水果。注意: a kind of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数 ,因为中心词是kind. 5. a lot of (lots of) a number of 许多a lot of = lots of 两者都既可以修饰可数名词,又可以修饰不可数名词。a number of 只修饰可数名词,所以它充当主语的时候,谓语动词一定是复数 的

3、。6. a pair of 一双 ; 一副a pair of 肯定是两个,它有固定搭配的一些名词:a pair of trousers; a pair of glasses; a pair of chopsticks; etc. 7. a piece of 一(块,张,片,件) 它的翻译比较随意,按照上下文推断,没有固定的方法,a piece of paper 一张纸, a piece of cake 一块蛋糕(小菜一碟)。8. according to 按照 ;根据,如:According to my experience, he must be a cheat. 根据我的经验,他一定是个骗

4、子。According to 在句子里充当的不是谓语动词,而是状语,所以一般放在句首。9. after all 终究 , 毕竟 ,如: Don t push him. After all, he is a kid. 别逼他了。毕竟他还是个孩子。辨析: after all Vs. above all Vs. first of all Above all 是“ 首要的事情的意思”= the most important thingFirst of all 是 “ 第一,首先 ” 的意思。10. after school 放学后;类似的词组还有after class 下课后精选学习资料 - - -

5、- - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 8 页读书破万卷下笔如有神11. agree with sb. 同意某人的意见agree to do. 同意做某事要注意, with 后面需要跟 “ 人” ,agree to 后面跟动词原型,如:I didn t agree with him, as a result, I didnt agree to support him either.我不同意他的意见,所以,我也没有同意支持他。12. all day (long) 整天 , 如: He has slept all day. 他都睡了一整天了。13. all

6、over 到处,如: He is known all over the world as a scientist.他作为科学家世界闻名。14. all right 行了 ;好吧 ;(病)好了如: Are you all right? 你还好么?辨析: Thats all right. Vs All right. Vs That is right.Thats all right. 是回答 thank you 的常用答语。All right 表示好吧,行吧,一般表示同意别人的建议。Thats right. 表示 “ 那是对的。 ” 一般表示同意别人的看法。15. all the same 还是 ,

7、 仍然 有“ 还是老样子” 的意思。注意:不要忘了中间的the。16. all the time 一直 = always = from beginning to the end = all along 17. all the way 一路上 = from beginning to the end. He kept telling me his fantasy experiences all the way to school. 18. and so on 等等 , 这是一个词组,and 不能省略。19. apologize to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉,如:I apolog

8、ized to my teacher for being late for school this morning. 今天早上,我因为迟到向老师道歉。名词: apology 20. arrive at / in a place 到达某地arrive in + 大地方arrive at + 小地方We will arrive in Beijing at 10:00, and then arrive at our hotel at 12:00. 辨析: reach Vs arrive Vs get 到达以上的三个动词都可以表示“ 到达 ” 的意思,只不过在用法上有些不同:Reach 作 “ 到达

9、” 用,后面不跟随介词,如:I will reach school in an hour. 我会在一小时之后到达学校。Arrive 作“ 到达 ” 用,后面跟随介词“at, in”。Get 作“ 到达 ” 用,后面跟随to,如:How would you get to school? 你想怎么去学校?精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 8 页读书破万卷下笔如有神21. as well 也 ;又,如: Tom will go to the cinema, and Jane will go as well. 意思上基本和“too

10、”一样,唯一的不同是,too 前面可以有逗号,as well 不可以。辨析: as well Vs as well as 前者是 “ 也” 的意思,一般用于句尾,后者有两个意思:字面意思是 “ 像 一样好 ” ,如: He plays football as well as his father. 他足球踢得像他爸爸一样好。常用的另一个意思还有“ 和,与 ” 。Tom as well as other students is fond of sports. Tom 和其他孩子一样喜欢足球。注意: as well as 后面的内容不是主语,所以谓语动词与as well as 前面的名词一致。22

11、. ask for 请求 ; 寻求,如: He always asks for my advice. 他总是寻求我的建议。也可以是 “ask sb. for sth.”Pepsi的广告词 “Ask for more ”渴望无限!23.at breakfast /lunch /supper 早/午/晚餐时这是固定搭配,注意中间没有冠词。24. at first / last 起先 ;开始的时候 / 最后;终于辨析: at first Vs first of all At first / Then / At last基本上是一件事情顺序的描述“ 起先,然后,最后”如: I remembered t

12、he first time we met. At first, we were both nervous; then you begin to tell jokes; and at last we became good friends. First of all / Then / Finally 基本上是一个程序的顺序或者议论观点顺序描述翻译成 “ 首先,然后,最后”, 如:If you want to type something into the computer, first of all you need to switch it on. And then, open a new f

13、ile and type your things into it. Finally, save it. 25. at home 在家 (里) 固定搭配这里的 home 是一个副词。26. at least / most 至少 / 至多这是固定搭配,没有冠词the If you want to pass the exam, you have to get at least 60. Sorry, I cant give you any more pocket money. 30 yuan a week at most. 27. at once 立刻 ;马上 , 这是一个一般将来时的时间状语,如:Y

14、ou leave first, and I will go at once. 28. at present 现在 , 目前 这是一个现在进行时的时间状语。At present, in different parts of the world, people are doing different things. 29. at school 在学校 ;在上课这里主要指 “ 在上课 ” ,如果只是在学校,应该是“at the school”。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 8 页读书破万卷下笔如有神30. at the mo

15、ment 此刻 ,目前 ; 那时 ,当时这是一个现在进行时的时间状语What are you doing at the (this) moment. At that moment 是过去进行时的时间状语。At that moment, I was watching TV. 31. at the same time 同时 , 可以与过去进行时连用,如:When he raised the question, I was wondering at the same time. 当他提出这问题的时候,我也在考虑。32. at work 在工作,如同at school 是在上学一样同样的用法还有“in

16、 hospital”在住院。33. at/on weekends 在周末这两个介词都可以搭配weekends,但是只有on 可以搭配weekdays。词组总结(二)1. be able to do 能够 ;可以 , 如:After three months of hard training, he was able to skate quite well. 辨析: Can Vs Be able to ”1 be able to 和 can 表有 能, 能够 之意 ,一般可以互换.注:be able to 中含有 be动词 ,在句中运用时 ,be动词有明显的人称或数以及时态的变化,考虑用 is,

17、am,are,were 或 was,而 can为情态动词 ,无人称及数的变化,can 的过去式为 could.can 无将来时 . 2 be able to 用在将来时句中时可以与will 一起连用 ,但 can 不能与 will 一起用 ,can与be able to 不能混用成 can be able to 或can able to 等形式 . 另 :can 无过去式分词,但 be able to 有,为been able to 这也就限定can 不能用在完成时句中,但be able to 可以 . 应填 was able to 2. be afraid to do sth 害怕去做某事,

18、 如:He is afraid to face the truth. 他害怕面对事实。Be afraid of: 害怕某事物,如:I am afraid of snakes. 我怕蛇。3be against 反对这里面的against 是一个介词,后面直接跟名词的,如:I am against his ideas. 我反对他的想法。Be against 的反义词是be for 4. be angry with 生 的气;对 不满意,如:He is angry with what you said. 他对你的话很生气。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - -

19、 - - -第 4 页,共 8 页读书破万卷下笔如有神类似的用法还有be mad with ,对 -不满意的意思,但是语气要更重一些5be ashamed of 因 而感到惭愧,如:You should be ashamed of what you did. 你应该对你所做的感到羞愧。6be bad for 对 有害,反义词是be good for 对 - 有益,如:Sports are good for your health, while smoking is bad for it. 7. be born 出生 , 这个词组永远都是过去式的,如:I was born on the 1st

20、of October. Born 是过去分词, bear 是原形,是孕育的意思,但是很少用于主动语态。8be careful with 对 - 小心;当心,如:Be careful with the kids. 当心小孩。9be different from 与 不同,如:His words are different from yours. 10. be friendly to sb 对某人友好 , 如:The foreign friends are friendly to us. 外国朋友对我们很友好。11be from = come from 来自 ;从 来,如: “ 我从美国来 ” 可

21、以说成:I am from America. 或者I come from America 但是不能说:I am come from America. 12be good at=do well in 擅长;在 方面做得好,如:I am good at sports. = I do well in sports. 但是不能说:I am do well in sports. 13be in agreement 意见一致agreement 是动词 agree 的名词形式,翻译成“ 一致 ” 如Both sides are in agreements on some vital issues. 双方在很

22、多重要问题上达成共识。14be in good health 身体健康,如Although, my parents are old, they are in good health. 注意: be in good / poor health ,介词 in 后面跟名词health,而不是形容词healthy 15be interested in 对 感兴趣,这是中考中的一个常考词组,如:He is so interested in music that he needs to play the piano every day. 16be late for 迟到 , 如:He was late f

23、or school again this morning. 他今天早上又迟到了。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 8 页读书破万卷下笔如有神17be like 像 这是一个容易出错的词组,有如下几点需要注意:1这个词提问的时候用what 提问,回答的时候用形容词来回答。,如:What is the weather like today? 今天的天气怎么样?It is a snowy day. 是雪天。What is he like? 他人怎么样?He is nice and friendly. 他人很好,很友善2Be li

24、ke Vs. Look like 前者比较强调问人品,后者比较强调问长相,如:What is he like? He is nice. What does he look like? He is tall with short hair. 18辨析 be made of Vs be made from 由 制成;由 构成二者都是 “ 由 - 制成 ” 的意思, 前者是能看得出来原材料的,后者是看不出来原材料的,如:The table is made of wood. (看得出原材料)The paper is made from wood too. (看不出原材料) 19be made up o

25、f 由 组成;由 构成这个词组长的和上两个词组很像,但是意思有很大的不同,它是“ 组成,构成 ” 的意思,如:Japan is made up of four islands. 日本是由四个岛屿组成的。20be off 离开;走开,这个词组比较口语,如:We are off now. 我们走了。21be proud of 为 而感到自豪,如:We are proud of our country. 我们为祖国感到自豪。辨析: be proud of Vs be the pride of 前者是 “ 为 骄傲 ” 后者是 “ 是 的骄傲 ” ,如:We are proud of Liuxiang

26、, so he is the pride of us. 我们为刘翔骄傲,所以刘翔是我们的骄傲。22be strict in sth. / with sb 对某事某人严格要求,如:My parents are strict with me in my study. 23be supposed to 被期望或被要求 ,也可以翻译成“ 应该做 ” ,如:He was supposed to come, but he didnt. 他本该来的(我们都希望他来),但是他还是没来。24be sure to do / of sth. 确定;确保1. 可以用于口语:Are you sure? Yes I am

27、. 2. be sure of something: 对 - 很肯定,如:I am sure of his coming. 我肯定他会来的。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 8 页读书破万卷下笔如有神3be sure to do, 如: You are sure to win. 不是指你肯定,而是说话人肯定你会赢25be tired of 疲劳;疲倦 ;烦He was tired of the boring daily life. 他烦透了无聊的日常生活。26be used for 被用来做 be used by 被谁使用

28、be used as 被当作什么使用如: My towel is used by my brother as a mob for the cleaning. 我的毛巾被我哥哥当抹布用来打扫卫生了。27be willing to 乐意(做某事)如:We are willing to go to the amusement park. 我们愿意去游乐园。28be/get used to doing Vs be used to do 习惯于 be used to do 是一个明显的被动语态,被用来做,如: This eraser is used to clean the blackboard. 这个

29、板擦是用来擦黑板的。Be / get used to doing 是习惯于地意思,to 是一个介词,后面跟名词,如:As he lives far from school, he has got used to getting up late. 由于他家住的离学校远,它已经习惯于早起了。29because of 因为;由于of 是介词,后面跟名词,如:He didn t like the shirt because of the color. 他是因为颜色才不喜欢那衬衫的。Because 后面跟从句,如:I trust him because he loves me. 我相信他是因为他爱我。在

30、一句话种,because 和 so 是不连用的30bed time 就寝时间, 西方家庭在孩子睡觉以前都要给孩子讲个故事,叫做 bed time story 临睡前的故事31begin with 以 开始,如All th e fairly tales begin with the same sentence “Long long ago ”.所有的童话故事都是一个开头“ 很久很久以前”32believe in 信任;信赖如果后面跟一种宗教或者理念,有“ 信仰 ” 的意思。如:I believe in Buddhism. 我信仰佛教。如果后面跟人,表示信任,如:I believe in you.

31、 = I trust you 我相信你。33belong to 属于,这个词组不用于被动语态Success belongs to every body. 成功属于每一个人。34betweenand. 在 之间(只表示二者)精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 8 页读书破万卷下笔如有神There is no gap between you and me. 我们之间没有距离。35break down 抛锚;损坏;坏掉;出故障,注意主语是出故障的东西如: My car broke down on my way home yeste

32、rday. 我的车在我昨天回家路上抛锚了。36break the rules 不遵守制度37bring sb sth 给某人带来 = bring something to somebodyHe brought me the good news. = He brought the good news to me. 38by accident 意外地;偶然(在句子中做状语)I came to work here quite by accident. 我是偶然才到这里工作的。39by + 交通工具以 - 出行注意:中间没有冠词,后面也没有复数by bus 坐公交车by bike 骑自行车by boat 乘船by car 乘小汽车by plane 乘飞机by ship 乘轮船40by mistake 错误地,在句子中充当状语,如:I recognized him as my old friend by mistake. 我把他误认成我的老朋友了。41by the way 顺便说;附带,一般用作口语中转换话题。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 8 页

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