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1、学习必备欢迎下载主动语态变被动语态的方法班级_ 学号 _ 姓名 _ 一、主动语态和被动语态概说英语的语态分主动语态和被动语态，主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态由“助动词 be+过去分词” 构成：Everybody likes him. 大家都喜欢他。 ( 主动语态 ) He is liked by everybody. 他受到大家的喜欢。(被动语态 ) 二、主动语态变被动语态的方法1. 主动语态变被动语态的基本方法将主动语态的 宾语 变为被动语态的主语 ，将主动谓语变为被动谓语( be+过去分词 ) ，将主动语态的主语变为by 短语 ( 在被动句中用
2、作状语) ：He broke the cup. The cup was broken by him. 【注意】若不强调动词执行者，被动语态中的by 短语通常可以省略：He was born in 1986. 他生于 1986 年。What is this flower called? 这种花叫什么花？2. 双宾动词的被动语态双宾动词即指带双宾语的动词，它们在变为被动语态时，通常是把间接宾语( 指人 ) 变为被动语态的主语，而把直接宾语( 指事物 ) 保留下来 ( 称为保留宾语) ：He answered me that question. I was answered that questio
3、n by him.有的动词则通常把直接宾语( 指事物 ) 变为被动语态的主语，而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语 ( 到底用 to 还是 for ，与所搭配的动词有关) ：He wrote her a letter. A letter was written to her. (与动词write搭配用介词to) She made him a new coat. A new coat was made for him. (与动词make搭配用介词for) 有时以上两种方式均可用：He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。 She was given some mone
4、y. / Some money was given to him.He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一块表。 A watch was bought for her. / She was bought a watch.3. 被动语态的时态被动语态的时态由被动结构“be+过去分词 ”中的动词be 来体现，其基本结构和用法如下： (1) 一般现在时的被动语态：am is, are+过去分词English is taught in our school. 我们学校学英语。We are taken good care of at school. 我们在学校受到很好的照顾。 (2)
5、一般过去时的被动语态：was were+过去分词He was taken to the police station. 他被带到了警察局。The house was built ten years ago. 这座房子是10 年前建的。 (3) 一般将来时的被动语态：will be+过去分词A new building will be built here soon. 不久这里将建一栋新楼。The meeting will be held at two this afternoon. 会议将于今天下午2 点举行。(4) 现在完成时的被动语态：have hasbeen+过去分词精选学习资料 - -
6、 - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 4 页学习必备欢迎下载All the work has been done now. 所有的工作现在都做好了。Have the letters been posted? 信都寄了吗？(5) 过去完成时的被动语态：had been+ 过去分词He said the work had been finished. 他说工作已完成了。(6) 现在进行时的被动语态：am is, are being+过去分词My watch is being repaired by him. 我的表正在由他修理。The plan is
7、 now being discussed. 计划现在正在讨论。(7) 过去进行时的被动语态：was were being+过去分词He said that the man was being operated on. 他说那个人正在动手术。He told me that a new station was being built. 他说正在修建一个新车站。(8) 过去将来时的被动语态：would be+ 过去分词He said that the meeting would be held next week. 他说会议将于下周举于。 4. 含有情态动词的被动形式若主动语态中谓语含有情态动词，在
8、相应的被动语态中通常应保留该情态动词，其结构为“情态动词 +be+过去分词 ”：Everyone must know this. This must be known by everyone.请看以下带情态动词被动句实例：This can t be done in a short time. 这不是短期内可以完成的。Can this be done by machine? 这可以由机器来做吗? The work must be done at once. 这工作必须马上做了。被动语态专练一、区分下列句子哪句是被动语态的句子：1. English is spoken in many countr
9、ies. ( ) 2. The students are doing their homework in the classroom. ( ) 3. The students are divided into six groups. ( ) 4. My brother was chosen for the basketball team. ( ) 5. We can finish the work in two hours . ( ) 6. The sick child must be sent to the hospital at once. ( ) 二、写出下列动词的过去分词：1. cle
10、an _ 2. love _ 3. speak _ 4. break _ 5. finish_ 6. know _ 7. sell _ 8. teach _ 9. find _ 10. build _ 11. blow _ 12. give _ 三、把下列句子改为被动语态：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 4 页学习必备欢迎下载1. We teach English in our school. English _ _ in our school. 2. Someone broke the glass this morni
11、ng . The glass _ _ this mrning . 3. They can finish the work in two hours . The work _ _ _ in two hours . 4. The wind blew the clouds away . _ _ _ _away . 5. They sell fresh fish in that market every day . _ _ _ _ in that market every day . 四、单项选择：( ) 1 The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1,
12、1949. A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found ( ) 2 English _ in Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken ( )3 This English song_ by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung ( ) 4 This kind of car _ in Japan. A, makes B. made
13、 C. is making D. is made ( ) 5 New computers _ all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used ( ) 6 Our room must _ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep ( ) 7 Doctors _ in every part of the world. A. need B . are needing C. are needed D. will need ( ) 8 Japanese _
14、 in every country. A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 4 页学习必备欢迎下载( ) 9 The flowers_often. A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water ( ) 10 The books may_ for two weeks. A . be kept B. be borrow
15、ed C. keep D. borrow ( ) 11 The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith. A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended ( ) 12 The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty things into it. A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing ( ) 13 The teapot _
16、 water. A. is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled ( ) 14 Old people must be looked after well and _ politely. A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to ( ) 15 Old people must _. A. look after well B. be looked well after C. looked well after D. be looked after well( )16 Our house _ in
17、 1969. A. is built B. built C. was built D. build ( )17 The bridge _ stones. A. is made of B. made of C. is made into D. is made from ( )18 Mrs Fang s book _ last week. A. was published B. published C. were published D. was publish ( )19 The students _ into two groups. A. divided B. are divided C. divide D. divides ( )20 Children _ to go into the garden. A. not allowed B. don t allow C. don t allowed D. are not allowed 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 4 页