《M4U3被动语态.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《M4U3被动语态.ppt（66页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、The man _ (call) “Good husband”.is calledPlease fill in the blanks according to the words in the bracket.The pet dog _ (treat) by a vet. is being treatedA frog _ (catch) by a big bird just now.was caughtAn argument _ already _ (put forward). has been put forward何时使用被动语态何时使用被动语态 ？ 1. 不知道或没有必要指明动作的发出者
2、不知道或没有必要指明动作的发出者 Many buildings are built in our town. 2. 出于表达的习惯出于表达的习惯 Yaoming was born in China. 3. 强调动作的承受或被执行强调动作的承受或被执行 He was taken to hospital immediately. 4. 动作的执行者有较长的修饰语动作的执行者有较长的修饰语 4. He was brought up by a man who was kind and has great expectation 主动语态变成被动语态的方法：主动语态变成被动语态的方法： 原主动语态的宾语
3、变成被动语态的主语，原主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语，谓语部分主动变被动，原主动语态的主语谓语部分主动变被动，原主动语态的主语变成介词变成介词by后的宾语后的宾语 （主语）（主语）He teaches English(宾语宾语) in this school. English(主语主语) is taught by him （宾语）（宾语）in this school. A动词的被动结构及用法动词的被动结构及用法He writes novels every day.Novels are written (by him) every day.He wrote novels when he was
4、 young.Novels were written (by him) when he was young.He is writing a novel now.A novel is being written (by him) now.He was writing a novel when I came in.A novel was being written (by him) when I came in.He will write many novels when he grows up.Many novels will be written when he grows up.He has
5、 written many novels since then.Many novels have been written by him since then.He had written many novels before he went to university.Many novels had been written by him before he went to university.He promised that he would write more novels. More novels would be written by him as he promised. Th
6、e villagers gave the foreign guests a warm welcome.The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the villagers.A warm welcome was given to the foreign guests by the villagers.2. 双宾语结构。双宾语结构。We offered people in the flooded areas some food and clothes.People in the flooded areas were offered some f
7、ood and clothes.Some food and clothes were offered to the people in the flooded areas.B 情态动词的被动结构情态动词的被动结构 情态动词的主动结构情态动词的主动结构 一般式一般式must /can/ could/may/might/ ought to/ used to/ need do 完成式完成式 must /can/ could/may/might/ ought to/ used to/ need have done 情态动词的被动结构情态动词的被动结构 一般式一般式must /can/ could/ma
8、y/might/ ought to/ used to/ need be done 完成式完成式must /can/ could/may/might/ ought to/ used to/ need have been done We must take measures to protect our environment. Measures must be taken to protect our environment. You ought to water the flowers twice a day. The flowers ought to be watered twice a d
9、ay C. 不定式的被动语态不定式的被动语态 be going to be to be sure to be certain to + be +过去分词过去分词 be due to be about to The flowers are to be watered twice a day.The thief is sure to be caught.The book is due to be published next month.The meeting is going to be held this weekend. 在主动语态中，有些使役动词在主动语态中，有些使役动词have,make
10、,get和感官动词和感官动词see, watch,notice,hear, feel,observe后接不带后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足的不定式作宾语补足语。语。 但在被动语态中，要改为带但在被动语态中，要改为带to的不定式的不定式作主语补足语。作主语补足语。如如: see/hear/make sb. do sth.= sb. be seen/heard/made to do sth.They saw the boy fall from the tree.The boy was seen to fall from the tree. 相当于及物动词的短语动词也可以有相当于及物动词的短语动词也
11、可以有被动语态。被动语态。 如如: look after, give up, take care of, pay attention to, make use of, put off, wake up, put out 等。等。The children are taken good care of.The big fire has been put out.孩子们得到了很好的照顾。孩子们得到了很好的照顾。大火已经扑灭了。大火已经扑灭了。特别注意特别注意 只有及物动词和及物动词短语才可以有只有及物动词和及物动词短语才可以有 被动语态。不及物动词，不及物动词短语或系被动语态。不及物动词，不及物动词
12、短语或系动词没有被动语态。如动词没有被动语态。如：happen, last, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out, go on, take place, belong to等。等。Correct mistakes:This room is belonged to me.This music is sounded sweet. belongs tosounds2. 2. 有些动词可用主动语态形式来表示有些动词可用主动语态形式来表示 被动意义，如：被动意义，如：open, write, re
13、ad, open, write, read, sell, wash, measure, break, clean, lock sell, wash, measure, break, clean, lock等。等。主要用来描述主语主要用来描述主语 ( (某一事物某一事物) )的特征，主语的特征，主语常是物常是物Your article reads well.This type of car sells well in China.This hall measures 100 metres long and 60 metres wide. 值得注意的是，主动语态表被动强调的是值得注意的是，主动语态
14、表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。造成的影响。 The door wont lock. 门本身有毛病。门本身有毛病。 The door wont be locked. 指不会有人来锁门，指门没有锁是人的原指不会有人来锁门，指门没有锁是人的原因因 3.连系动词没有被动形式，但有些表示感受、感连系动词没有被动形式，但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词，如官的连系动词，如feel, appear, ring, smell, sound, become , come等，常以主动形式表示等，常以主动形式表示被动意义。被动意义。 I cant se
15、e your face, but you sound young. How old are you?It is said that It is reported that It is hoped that It is well known that It is believed that It was once thought that It must be pointed out that 4. 在一些固定句型中常用被动语态。在一些固定句型中常用被动语态。 如：如：D.系表结构与被动结构的区别系表结构与被动结构的区别 动语态表示动作的被执行或承受；而系表动语态表示动作的被执行或承受；而系表结
16、构表示主语的特点，性质或状态结构表示主语的特点，性质或状态 过去分词由过去分词由too，very，so， much等修饰等修饰 She was so shocked that she couldnt say a word. 过去分词为表示心理，感情，处所等过去分词为表示心理，感情，处所等 He is lost in thoughts. The school is located in the center of the city. 过去分词为表示过去分词为表示 “必然性，趋势性，意向必然性，趋势性，意向决心等决心等 The boy is determined to get the book.
17、remain ,feel , like, stand, grow, become等等+过去分词过去分词 The door remained closed all day. D. 被动语态与系表结构被动语态与系表结构被动语态表示动作，句子主语是该动作的承被动语态表示动作，句子主语是该动作的承受者，过去分词表示动作；而系表结构表示受者，过去分词表示动作；而系表结构表示状态，说明主语的特点或所处的状态。状态，说明主语的特点或所处的状态。The long novel was written by Lu Xun in the 1920s.The long novel is well written, i
18、snt it?The glass was broken by his little son yesterday.Look, the glass is broken! Who broke it?被动语态被动语态被动语态被动语态系表结构系表结构系表结构系表结构E. 被动语态的注意点被动语态的注意点 不定式符号不定式符号to在被动语态中不可省略在被动语态中不可省略 She was seen to pass by the window. 表示状态的动词不能用于被动语态，往往意为表示状态的动词不能用于被动语态，往往意为“容纳，拥有，适合，缺少容纳，拥有，适合，缺少”如如:lack, fit, mean,
19、 hold, cost, contain, become, look like, consist of - The book costs 10 yuan. The whole group consists of ten members. She looks like her mother. The area once lacked water. 及物动词做不及物用及物动词做不及物用+副词（副词（e.g. easily, badly, well , smoothly）,多用主动表被动多用主动表被动,主语往往是人主语往往是人 The pen writes well. The book sells
20、badly. The cloth wears long. 某些形容词某些形容词+不定式结构中，不定式与句子不定式结构中，不定式与句子主语有动宾关系时，用不定式的主动形式主语有动宾关系时，用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义表示被动含义 The picture is pleasant to look at. The sentence is easy to understand. 连系动词不用于被动语态（连系动词不用于被动语态（feel, appear, ring, smell, sound, become , come, etc.） He soon fell asleep. The table fee
21、ls smooth. burn, devote, dress, hurt, hide, love, seat, station, wear, tire + oneself + 介词介词 =be + 过去分词过去分词+介词介词 I hurt myself in a car accident. = I was hurt in a car accident. He seated himself in the bench. = He was seated in the bench.1. Town Hall is the tallest building in the city. _ from here
22、? A. Can it see B. Can it be seen C. Can be seen it D. Can see 答案答案 B。Town Hall (市政厅市政厅) 应当是应当是 被看见，所以应在被看见，所以应在B和和C中选择。又因中选择。又因 这是一个问句，故选这是一个问句，故选B。 Exercise2. The ceremony has already started. Look! The flag is _ now. A. being raised B. risen C. being rose D. raising 答案答案 A。 rise vi.升起，不能有被动升起，不能有
23、被动 形式，故形式，故B, C不能选用。不能选用。 raise vt.举举 起，升起。后要接宾语，起，升起。后要接宾语，故故D不适不适 用。用。 being raised正在被升起，正符正在被升起，正符 合题意。合题意。3. The assassination attempt _ millions, because the speech was on television. A. was seen by B. was saw by C. seen by D. was seen for 答案答案 A。assassination暗杀。根据题意：暗杀。根据题意：暗杀行为被数百万人所看见，故选暗杀行为
24、被数百万人所看见，故选A。 4. The things talked about in this report _ over a year ago. A. had taken place B. took place C. have taken place D. were taken place 答案答案 B。发生。发生(take place, occur, happen)均为不及物动词均为不及物动词(词组词组)，没有，没有 被动语态。被动语态。 5. The Anti-Japanese War _ in 1937 and it _ eight years. A. was broken out;
25、 lasted B. broke out; lasted C. break out; lasts D. broke out; was lasted 答案答案 B。 break out, last 均为不及物均为不及物动词（短语），没有被动语态。动词（短语），没有被动语态。6. Come and sit down by the fire. Your hand _. A. feels so cold B. is felt so coldly C. feels so coldly D. feel so cold 答案答案 A。 feel（摸起来有（摸起来有的感觉）的感觉）seem, sound, l
26、ook等作为系动词使用，等作为系动词使用，系表结构没有被动语态。系表结构没有被动语态。7. I need one more stamp before my collection _. A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed 答案答案 D。before引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句中用现在时表示将来，而中用现在时表示将来，而collection与与complete之间为被动关系。之间为被动关系。 我所集的邮票还差一张才能成整套。我所集的邮票还差一张才能成整套。8. In some parts o
27、f the world, tea _ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served 答案答案 B。本题叙述的是一般的情况，。本题叙述的是一般的情况，常用一般现在时，答案可在常用一般现在时，答案可在B和和C中中选择。选择。serve意思是意思是“供给供给”或或“送送上上”，此处应用被动语态。，此处应用被动语态。 在世界上一些地区，人们饮茶时都加在世界上一些地区，人们饮茶时都加牛奶和蔗糖。牛奶和蔗糖。9. If city noises _ from increasing, people _ shout to
28、be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now. A. are not kept; will have to B. are not kept; have to C. do not keep; will have to D. do not keep; have to 答案答案 A。If从句中，从句中，“噪声被加以控制噪声被加以控制”需需 用被动语态，答案为用被动语态，答案为A或或B。主句中时间。主句中时间 状语为状语为“从现在起二十年后从现在起二十年后”，要用将，要用将来来 时表示，所以答案为时表示，所以答案为A。如果对城市的噪声不加以控制
29、，二十如果对城市的噪声不加以控制，二十年后即使是在餐桌上人们也得大声叫年后即使是在餐桌上人们也得大声叫嚷才能让对方听见。嚷才能让对方听见。10. The water will be further polluted unless some measures _. A. will be taken B. are taken C. were taken D. had been taken 答案答案 B。主句中为一般将来时，。主句中为一般将来时，unless 引导条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将引导条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来，而来，而“措施措施”应该是应该是“被采取被采取”，用，用被动语态。被动
30、语态。 如果不采取措施，河水将会进一步受到如果不采取措施，河水将会进一步受到污染。污染。Individual activityQuiz I: Multiple choice 1. No decision _ about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed. (2008北京北京) A. will be made B. is made C. is being made D. has been made2. In recent years many football clubs _ as busi
31、ness to make a profit. (2008上海上海) A. have run B. have been run C. had been run D. will run3. Though we dont know what was discussed, yet we can feel the topic _. (2008陕西陕西) A. had changed B. will change C. was changed D. has been changed4. I like these English songs and they _ many times on the radi
32、o. (2008安徽安徽) A. taught B. have taught C. are taught D. have been taught5. Whats that noise? Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine _. (2008浙江浙江) A. was tested B. will be tested C. is being tested D. has been tested6. The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front _ to arrive. (2008全国全国
33、I) A. is expected B. is expecting C. expects D. will be expected 7. Officials say that few patients _ with the virus owing to the effective prevention. (2008上海春上海春) A. infected B. are infected C. have infected D. be infected8. He _ as a national hero for winning the first gold medal for his country
34、in the Olympics. (2008重庆重庆) A. regarded B. was regarded C. has regarded D. had been regarded9. Do you have any problems if you _ this job? Well, Im thinking about the salary. (2008湖南湖南) A. offer B. will offer C. are offered D. will be offered10. Why does the Lake smell terrible? Because large quanti
35、ties of water _. (2009福建福建) A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. have been polluted11. _ many times, he finally understood it. (2009四川四川) A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told12. Would you please keep silent? The weather report _ and I want to listen. (2009湖南
36、湖南) A. is broadcast B. is being broadcast C. has been broadcast D. had been broadcast 13. Why dont we choose that road to save time? The bridge to it _. (2009四川四川) A. has repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. will be repaired 14. Hi, Terry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoo
37、n? Sorry. _. (2009江苏江苏) A. Its repaired B. It has been repaired C. Its being repaired D. It had been repaired 15. During the period of recent terrorist activities, people _ not to touch any unattended bag. (2009上海上海) A. had always been warned B. were always being warned C. are always warning D. alwa
38、ys warned16. The way the guests _ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service. (2009北京北京) A. treated B. were treated C. would treatD. would be treated17. His sister left home in 1998, and _ since. (2009全国全国I ) A. had not been heard of B. has not been heard of C. had not heard of D. has n
39、ot heard of18. Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting _ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. (2010天津天津) A. are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. are being exhibited D. is being exhibited19. Linda, make sure the tables _ before the guests arrive. (2010全国全国II) A. be set B. se
40、t C. are set D. are setting20. This coastal area _ a national wildlife reserve last year. (2010湖南湖南) A. was named B. named C. is named D. names21. In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the “r” sounds at the end of the words _. (2010北京北京) A. are dropped B. drop C. are being dropped D. have d
41、ropped 22. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _. (2010全国全国I) A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made23. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they _ before leaving their hometowns. (2010福建福建) A. promised B. w
42、ere promised C. have promised D. have been promisedQuiz II: Fill in the blanks with the right form of the words given. I _ (give) a new book by my father on my birthday. English _ (find) very useful.3. The work _ (finish) tomorrow.4. The flowers _ (water) by them now.was given is foundwill be finish
43、ed are being watered5. The railway _ (build) this time last year.6. The railway _ already _ (build).7. The new railway _ (build) by the end of last year.8. He told me the sports meeting _ (hold) the next month.9. Rice _ (grow) in the south of the States.was being builthas been builthad been builtwou
44、ld be held is grownQuiz III: Complete this radio news report using the Passive form of the verbs in brackets.Good afternoon. The lunch-time news today (1) _ (report) by John Howard. The Prime Minister has visited a primary school in Ipswich where he(2) _ (welcome) by the children and their teachers.
45、 He opened a new sports centre that (3) _is reported was welcomedis being built (build) with money raised by the parents and teachers. Half of the money (4) _ _ (spend) on building the playground. Another 20,000 (5) _ (need) to finish the swimming pool so more money raising activities (6) _ (organiz
46、e) in the following months. is needed will be organized been spenthas 禁止吸烟。禁止吸烟。2. The house _ (正在上油正在上油 漆漆).3. The flames _ (能看到能看到) several miles away.Smoking is not permitted.is being paintedQuiz IV: Translation.could be seen4. 乔治被选为班长而代替了亨利。乔治被选为班长而代替了亨利。 John _ president of the class instead of Harry. 5. 核能已被我们用来发电。核能已被我们用来发电。 Nuclear energy _ _ by us. 6. 到去年年底他们已建造了三艘船。到去年年底他们已建造了三艘船。 By last December three ships _. was electedhas been used to produceelectricityhad beenbuilt by them