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1、unit1-writing for myself 补充 Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more. individuals above the crowd: a little bit more. -author -author -date-dateUseful Words and Phrases in Overview n
2、ot onlybut also strength(s) & weakness(s) be faced with a dull, routine piece of coursework much to his surprise a school setting not without some tears along the way stand up for cf: stand forComprehension Questions 1. What is the main idea of this overview? 2. What may we discover in growing up ac
3、cording to the passage?Warm-up Activity: Discussion What do you discover in your growing up? What is most important in the process of growing up? Growing up is a never ending task. Do you agree? State your reasons. How do you understand growing up? (suggested for the group presentation of next week)
4、I. Background InformationII. Text Analysis and Language StudyIII. Summary and ExercisesTEXT AWRITING FOR MYSELFTEXT AWRITING FOR MYSELF Russell Baker: American Pulitzer prize-winning writer and journalist.What place have you found on the map?BellevilleBelleville is a Township in Essex County, New Je
5、rsey, United States. As of the United States 2000 Census, the township population was 35,928. Map of USA- New Jerseythe Art of Eating SpaghettiHow to eat it with a fork and spoon?Will you eat in these ways?Is there really an art of eating spaghetti?YES!Spaghetti and the proper way of eating it Spagh
6、etti is the Italian-style thin noodle, cooked by boiling and served with sauce. Usually you would put a fork into a plate of spaghetti, turn the fork several times so that spaghetti will wind around the fork, then place the fork into your mouth. Its impolite to suck. Text Analysis and Language Study
7、Useful Words and Phrases in Lead-in and Paras. 12 牢记牢记 尤其是尤其是 断断续续地断断续续地 确立确立 与与联系起来联系起来 结果是结果是 被分配到被分配到 以以出名出名 完全过时的完全过时的 朴素的眼镜朴素的眼镜 尖下巴尖下巴 滑稽的老古董滑稽的老古董keepin mindin particularoff and on take holdbe associated withturn outbe assigned tohave a reputation forhopelessly out of datesevere eyeglassespoi
8、nted jawcomic antique Questions for This Part1. When did Baker finally decide to become a writer? 2. How did Baker use to feel about English courses?3. What did Baker hear about Mr. Fleagle? 4. What was his own impression of his new teacher?5. What is the main idea of this part? The idea of becoming
9、 a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasnt until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold. Until then Id been bored by everything associated with English courses. I found English grammar dull and difficult. I hated the assignments to turn ou
10、t long,lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write. Chinesenextfrom time to time, now and again, sometimes 断断续续地，有时1. The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Belleville. (L1)It rained off and on yesterday and so we had to put off
11、 our sports meeting. Suppose last night you didnt sleep well and woke up many times, what will you say?I slept last night off and on.GrammarIt was not until .that .not until的三种句型的三种句型2. but it wasnt until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold. (L2) He didnt come back until midn
12、ight. Not until midnight did he come back. It was not until midnight that he came back. not until的倒装与强调结构的倒装与强调结构 1.当Not until位于句首时,句子要倒装。其结构为: Not until+从句/表时间的词+助动词+(主句)主语+谓语+.。 Eg: Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking. Not until next week will the sports meet be held. 2. no
13、t until的强调结构为: It is / was not until+从句/表时间的词+that+.。 Eg: It was not until the teacher came in that the students stopped talking. It is not until next week that the sports meet will be held. back take hold: become established 确立确立3. but it wasnt until my third year in high school that the possibilit
14、y took hold. (L2) The idea of one child only has taken hold in many Chinese families.associate with: join or connect together 使使联系，使联想联系，使联想4. Until then Id been bored by everything associated with English courses. (L3)We associate China with the Great Wall.What will you associate Lanzhou with?turn
15、out: produce 生产，制造生产，制造5. I hated the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write. (L4)Walt Disney has turned out hundreds of films. Finding Nemo. Little Mermaid, Tarzan, Snow White , Lion King, Peter Pan , Mulan, AladdinPeking Universit
16、y has turned out some first-rate students. Paraphrase S1. Up to then, Baker had had no interest in things related to English courses. S2. I found it painful to write long, boring essays as required by teachers; neither did teachers enjoy what I wrote. back When our class was assigned to Mr.Fleagle f
17、or third-year English I anticipated another cheerless year in that most tedious of subjects. Mr. Fleagle had a reputation among students for dullness and inability to inspire. He was said to be very formal, rigid and hopelessly out of date. To me he looked to be sixty or seventy and excessively prim
18、. He wore primly severe eyeglasses, his wavy hair was primly cut and primly combed. He wore prim suits with neckties set primly against the collar buttons of his white shirts. He had a primly pointed jaw, a primly straight nose, and a prim manner of speaking that was so correct, so gentlemanly, that
19、 he seemed a comic antique. Chinese Writing strategynextMr. FleagleReputation:Dullness & inabilityFormal, rigid, out of dateage:Sixty or seventy, excessively primeyeglasses:Primly severehair:Wavy, primly cut & primly combedclothes:jaw:nose:manner of speaking:Prim suit, prim necktiesPrimly pointedPri
20、mly straightPrim, correct, gentlemanlyBy selecting details, the author creates an unfavorable image of Mr. Fleagle,his formal English teacher.Para 2How many “prim / primly” are used in Para. 2 ? There are 9 prims primlys in 3 sentences! Thus by repetition, the writer give readers a vivid picture of
21、what Mr. Fleagle looked like.Para 2Repetition not only makes it easy for readers to follow what the writer is saying but also impresses them more deeply.assign: give as a share or duty 分配，分派分配，分派6. When our class was assigned to Mr. Fleagle for third-year English, I (L7)He was assigned to a new post
22、assign homework留家庭作业assignment分配, 任务,作业anticipate: 期望，预料期望，预料7. I anticipated another cheerless year in that most tedious of subjects. We anticipate that demand is likely to increase. anticipate与 expect 区别（一） back在结构上，除两个动词都可以用名词及that从句为宾语外，anticipate后面可接动名词， 不可接不定式，expect则可接不定式，不可接动名词。 anticipate与
23、expect 区别 （二）back在意思上，anticipate表示“期待”的意思时，经常含有怀着激动或喜悦的心情。另外anticipate还有“领先做，抢先於”，“预支，提前还款”等意思。expect则没有。We eagerly anticipated the day we would leave school.When Scott reached the South Pole he found Amundsen had anticipated him. Dont anticipate your income.Notes1. When it was decided that Mr. Flea
24、gle would teach us English during my third year in high, I expected the English course to be as boring as before.2. was said to be (See P16)结构sb is said / believed /expected / thought / reported to do sth. = It is 过去分词 （saidbelievedexpected thoughtreported） that从句 eg: He is said to be a corruption o
25、fficial. =It is said (that) he is a corruption official.It is believed that health is above wealth. 一般人都相信健康重于财富。It is reported that the car accident took place yesterday. 据报导，那场车祸是在昨天某个时候发生的。It is estimated that the damage was over one million dollars. 据估计，损失超过了一百万元。It is expected that John will be
26、 back by ten. 约翰在十点以前回来是预料中的事。It is said that the boy grew up to be a noted scientist. 据说那男孩长大后成了一位知名的科学家。It is generally thought that traveling abroad can enrich ones knowledge/broad ones horizon.一般认为出国旅游可增广见闻。 1) be done to do 表示当时或将要发生的事 The wanted man is believed to be living in New York. 据悉这个被通
27、缉的人目前住在纽约。 Many people are said to be homeless after the floods. 据说，水灾后的人们现在无家可归。 2) be done to have done 表示已经发生过的事 She is known to have lied. 人们知道她撒谎了。 Columbus is supposed to have discovered America. 人们认为，是哥伦布发现了新大陆。 常用的此类 有： “It is said that（据说）”，“It is believed that（一般相信）”，“It is expected that（一
28、般预料）”， “It is thought that（一般认为）”，“It is reported that（据报导）”，“It is estimated that（据估计）”，“It is known that（一般皆知）”。3) “Be Done(vi.)” Structure Here not “passive voice”, because vi. no passive voice, for example: Spring is come.春满人间。春满人间。 表示运动和变化的少数自动词如，表示运动和变化的少数自动词如，come, go, arrive, fall, rise, set
29、, grow等，保留等，保留be done的的形式，强调自动词动作完成的状态形式，强调自动词动作完成的状态(state)，而，而have done表示完成的动作表示完成的动作(action) When I finished it the night was half goneFurther examples:他已经走了。He has gone.(强调动作的完成)He is gone.(强调动作的结果)The leaves are fallenThe weeds are grownThe night was half gone.back3. 1) Absolute Construction Le
30、d by “with”with + n./pron.+ parti./adj./inf./prep. phr./ad.a. He fell asleep with the lamp burning.b. Many families have sliding doors, with steel bars built. c. The boy entered the room with his nose red.d. Here are the first two volumes, with the third one to come out next month.e. She entered the
31、 room with a book in her hand.f. They returned from the ride with the lady inside.back3. 2) set against使）靠着;把与相比;（使）与抗衡;（使）在映衬下; Setagainstthisaretwobigweaknesses. Butsteelmakersandotherheavyindustriesaredead setagainstintervention. 1. Setagainstthegrimmoodofayearago,allthisis generallyencouraging.b
32、ack4. severe: 1) completely plain非常平常的，朴素的 The widow wore a severe black dress to her husbands funeral. Earnest Hemingway is known for his severe writing style.2) stern, strict严格的，严厉的 The father was so severe with boy Beethoven that the mother would cry.3) causing very great pain, difficulty, worry,
33、 etc. 剧烈的，剧痛的，难忍的 severe pain /attack /criticism /damage /injury /competition /storm / In parts of Africa there is a severe food/water shortage.The president made a _ speech at the opening ceremony of the sports meeting, which encouraged the sportsmen greatly.rigidseveretediousboredExercisesHollywoo
34、d _ thousands of movies each year to the world.turns onturns offturns inturns outThe company has an excellent _ for best software.possibilityhumordisciplinereputationThe young man was greatly _ to work harder than before since his boss had increased his salary.associatedinspiredanticipatedpreparedUs
35、eful Words and Phrases and Paras. 3-5 一无所获的一年一无所获的一年 备选的备选的 敢于面对敢于面对 一连串一连串 如潮水般涌来如潮水般涌来 围坐在围坐在旁边旁边 所知甚少的所知甚少的 愉快心情愉快心情 重现在脑海中重现在脑海中 合乎礼仪的合乎礼仪的 写下来写下来 违反规定违反规定 不及格分不及格分an unfruitful yeara choice offace up to a sequence of come flooding backbe seated around little knowngood humorreawake in the mindso
36、cially respectableput downviolate the rulesa failing gradeQuestions for This Part1. What did the teacher ask students to do late in the year? 2. Why did he put it off till the last minute? 3. What is the title the writer chose? 4. Why did the writer want to write the essay? 5. How would Mr. Fleagle
37、treat his essay in his thinking? Why?6. What is the main idea of this part? 3 I prepared for an unfruitful year with Mr. Fleagle and for a long time was not disappointed. Late in the year we tackled the informal essay. Mr. Fleagle distributed a homework sheet offering us a choice of topics. None was
38、 quite so simple-minded as “ What I Did on My Summer Vacation”, but most seemed to be almost as dull. I took the list home and did nothing until the night before the essay was due. Lying on the sofa, I finally faced up to the unwelcome task,took the list out of my notebook, and scanned it. The topic
39、 on which my eye stopped was “ The Art of Eating Spaghetti.”nextChineseNotesS1. I expected that things wouldnt improve with Mr. Fleagle as ourEnglish teacher, and for a long time I was right in my expectation. ( Notethat here is a touch of irony 反语; 讽刺)S2. Late in the year we learned how to write in
40、formal essays andpracticed writing them.backdistribute: divide and give out among people分分发，分配，分送发，分配，分送Mr. Fleagle distributed a homework sheet offering us a choice of topics. (L18)The teacher distributed the examination papers to the class. contribute 捐献，贡献attribute 归结于Detailed Understanding-IITra
41、nslationNone was quite so simple-minded as “What I Did on My Summer Vacation”, but most seemed to be almost as dull.(L19)像像“暑假二三事暑假二三事”那样傻乎乎的题目倒是那样傻乎乎的题目倒是一个也没有，但绝大多数还是一样乏味。一个也没有，但绝大多数还是一样乏味。face up to: be brave enough to accept or deal with勇敢的接受或面对勇敢的接受或面对I took the list home and did nothing until
42、the night before the essay was due. Lying on the sofa, I finally faced up to the unwelcome task (L21)You are too old for the job. You have to face up to the fact. Detailed Understanding-IISusan不知道如何面对自己再也不能行走的事实不知道如何面对自己再也不能行走的事实。Susan didnt know how to face up to the fact that she couldnt walk. 4 T
43、his title produced an extraordinary sequence of mental images. Vivid memories came flooding back of a night in Belleville when all of us were seated around the supper table Uncle Allen, my mother, Uncle Charlie, Doris, Uncle Hal and Aunt Pat served spaghetti for supper. Spaghetti was still a little
44、known foreign dish in those days. Neither Doris nor I had ever eaten spaghetti,and none of the adults had enough experience to be good at it. All the good hummor of Uncle Allens house reawoke in my mind as I recalled the laughing arguments we had that night about the socially respectable method for
45、moving spaghetti from plate to mouth.ChinesenextTranslationThis title produced an extraordinary sequence of mental images. Vivid memories came flooding back of a night in Belleville when all of us were seated around the supper table-Uncle Allen, my mother, Uncle Charlie, Doris, Uncle Hal-and Aunt Pa
46、t served spaghetti for supper. (L24)这个题目在我脑海里唤起了一连串不同寻常的图象。这个题目在我脑海里唤起了一连串不同寻常的图象。贝尔维尔之夜的清晰的回忆如潮水一般涌来，当时，贝尔维尔之夜的清晰的回忆如潮水一般涌来，当时，我们大家一起围坐在晚餐桌旁我们大家一起围坐在晚餐桌旁-艾伦舅舅，我母亲，查艾伦舅舅，我母亲，查理舅舅，多丽丝，哈尔舅舅理舅舅，多丽丝，哈尔舅舅-帕特舅妈晚饭做的是意大帕特舅妈晚饭做的是意大利细面条。利细面条。NotesVivid memories of a night in ., flooding back.“flooding back” i
47、s a subjectivecomplement.backTranslationAll the good humor of Uncle Allens house reawoke in my mind as I recalled the laughing arguments (we had) that night about the socially respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth. (L30)艾伦舅舅家诙谐有趣的场景全都重现在我的脑艾伦舅舅家诙谐有趣的场景全都重现在我的脑海中，我回想起来，当晚我们笑作一团，
48、争论海中，我回想起来，当晚我们笑作一团，争论着如何把面条从盘子里送到嘴里才算合乎礼仪。着如何把面条从盘子里送到嘴里才算合乎礼仪。C.f. cant remember his name; 记不起他的姓名；记不起他的姓名；bethought herself of her responsibilities; 想起自己的想起自己的责任；责任；recalling her kindness; 回想起她的友善；回想起她的友善；recollect how the accident happened.回忆事故是如何回忆事故是如何发生的发生的NCE-B1Unit 1: Part IIremember bethin
49、k recall recollectThe central meaning shared by these verbs is “to bring an image or a thought back to the mind”.breakoverindexnextpreviousbacke.g. The bride and her mother got into an argument about whether to wear white or red on her wedding day.双方的争论被新闻界夸大了。双方的争论被新闻界夸大了。was blown up The argument
50、among the two parties was blown up by the press.NCE-B1argumentdisagreement,quarrelUnit 1: Part IInextargument dispute controversyThese nouns denote discussion involving conflicting points of view. Argument stresses the advancement by each side of facts and reasons buttressing its contention and inte