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1、1Unit 2 Exploring English Starting Out & Understanding Ideas2Neither Pine nor Apple in PineappleHave you ever asked yourself (1)why people often have trouble learning English? I hadnt, until one day my five-year-old son asked me (2)whether there was ham in a hamburger.There isnt.This made me realize
2、 (3)that theres no egg in eggplant either.（4）Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.This got me thinking (5)how English can be a crazy language to learn.课文讲解课文讲解3For example, in our free time we can sculpt a sculpture and paint a painting, but we take a photo.And (6)when we are traveling we sa
3、y that we are in the car or the taxi, but on the train or bus! (7)While were doing all this traveling, we can get seasick at sea, airsick in the air and carsick in a car, but we dont get homesick (8)when we get back home.And speaking of home, why arent homework and housework the same thing?(9)If “ha
4、rd” is the opposite of “ soft”， why are “hardly” and softly not an opposing pair? (10)If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions, why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same?4(11)When we look out of the window and see rain or snow, we can say “its raining” or “its snowing”.But (12
5、)when we see sunshine, we cant say “its sunshining”.Even the smallest of words can be confusing.(13)When you see the capitalized “WHO” in a medical report, do you read it as the “who” in “Whos that？” What about “IT” and “US”？You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language (14)in which a
6、house can burn up as it burns down, (15)in which you fill in a form by filling it out, and (16)in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off!5English was invented by people, not computers, and it reflects the creativity of the human race.(17)That is why when the stars are out, they are visible ,
7、but when the lights are out, they are invisible. And that is why when I wind up my watch, it starts, but when I wind up this passage, it ends.6(1)why引导宾语从句，why在从句中作原因状语，意为“为什么”。(2)whether引导宾语从句，在从句中不作成分，意为“是否”。(3)that引导宾语从句，that在从句中不作成分，也不表示任何意义，可以省略。(4)neither.or.既不也不，neither置于句首，句子要部分倒装。(5)how引导宾语
8、从句，在从句中作方式状语，意为“怎么，如何”。(6)(8)(11)(12)(13)when引导时间状语从句。(7)while引导时间状语从句。(9)(10)if引导条件状语从句。7(14)(15)(16)中的in which引导是定语从句。(17)This is why.“这就是为什么，这就是的原因”，why后接表示结果的句子；but连接并列复合句。81.opposite adj.相反的，相对的，对立的，对面的n.对立面，对立物prep.在对面/对过adv.在对面，在对过If “hard” is the opposite of “soft”，why are “hardly” and “soft
9、ly” not an opposing pair？(P15)如果hard(坚硬的)是soft(柔软的)的反义词，为什么hardly(几乎不)和softly(柔软地)不是一对反义词呢？重点重点 难点难点 讲解讲解重点单词重点单词 9 写出下列句中opposite的词性及词义 I watched them leave and then drove off in the opposite direction._Hot and cold are opposites._I sat opposite him during the meal._He sat down in the chair opposit
10、e._adj.相反的n.对立面，对立物prep.在对面/对过adv.在对面10 补全句子The result _ what they had expected.结果和他们所期望的大为相反。Tom is very careless, but his brother is _.汤姆很粗心，可他弟弟却正好相反。was opposite tojust the opposite112.confusing adj.令人困惑的，难以理解的Even the smallest of words can be confusing.(P15)即使是最小的单词也会令人困惑。Confuse defeat with fa
11、ilure, and you are doomed indeed to failure.如果混淆挫折和失败，你就注定会真正失败。The drivers was confused about the road designs.司机搞不清这些路标。At this moment, the child was frightened, crying loudly and shouting in confusion.这时候，小孩害怕了，吓得“哇哇”地乱哭乱叫。12 介词填空You should not confuse your work _ your life. The young woman was s
12、till a bit confused _ what happened. 用confuse的适当形式填空They _ me by asking so many _ questions.I was totally _， standing there in _， not knowing what to do.withaboutconfusedconfusingconfusedconfusion13用法总结用法总结confuse.with/and. 把和混淆be confused about sth 对某事迷惑不解in confusion 困惑地，混乱地143.reflect vt.反映；反射(声、
13、光、热等)；显示；表达；沉思English was invented by people, not computers, and it reflects the creativity of the human race.(P15)英语是人而不是电脑发明的，它反映了人类的创造力。 写出下列句中reflect的含义 The election results do not always reflect back the views of voters._ I often reflect on my schooldays. _People who lead busy lives have no tim
14、e to stop and reflect._反映回顾沉思15The manager needed more time to reflect on/upon what to do.经理需要更多的时间来思考做什么。On reflection, we decided to change our plan.经考虑后，我们决定改变计划。 单句语法填空/补全句子His face _ (reflect) in the big mirror when he passed by.Your clothes are often a _ (reflect) of your personality.On dark n
15、ights children should wear _ (reflect) clothing.At first I thought it was a bad idea, but _ I realized she was right.最初我认为那是个坏主意，但经再三思考，我认识到她是对的。was reflectedreflectionreflectiveon reflection16 用法总结用法总结reflect on/upon sth 认真思考on/upon reflection 经再三思考 171.have trouble (in) doing sth做某事有困难Have you eve
16、r asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English?(P14)你有没有问过自己为什么人们在学习英语时经常遇到困难？ 单句语法填空/完成句子I have no trouble in _ (find) the way back home.We had trouble _ our neighbors over the noise that they were making. I _ foreigners.我与外国人交流有困难。findingwithhave trouble/difficulty/problems in com
17、municating with重点短语重点短语18短语记牢(1)have trouble/difficulty/problems (in) doing sth做某事有困难/麻烦(2)have trouble/difficulty/problems with sth在某方面有麻烦或有困难192.look out of从往外看When we look out of the window and see rain or snow, we can say “its raining” or “its snowing”.(P15)当我们看到窗外下雨或下雪时，我们可以说its raining(正在下雨)或i
18、ts snowing(正在下雪)。 用look相关短语的适当形式填空She _ the window and saw the postman coming up the path.They run after me.I dont _ them and keep on running.looked out oflooked back at20But I know, no matter what I say, they will still _ us.A working party has been set up to _ the problem.He asked me to _ the arti
19、cle for any spelling mistakes.look down upon/onlook intolook through21短语荟萃短语荟萃look into 调查look out当心(不及物动词短语)look down on/upon 看不起，轻视look out for 当心，注意(及物动词短语)look back at/on 回忆，回顾look through 翻阅，查找look up to 尊敬223.burn down烧毁，烧掉(多指建筑物被烧塌)You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language i
20、n which a house can burn up as it burns down.(P15)你也不得不对一种语言的独特疯狂感到惊奇。在这种语言中，房子可以在burns down(被烧毁)时burn up(烧毁) 补全句子They threatened to _ our house.他们威胁要烧毁我们的房子。Youd better put more wood on the fire to make it _. 你最好往火上添着柴，让它烧旺。 burn downburn up23The fire _ before the fire engines arrived.在消防车到达之前，火已经熄
21、灭了。His house _ due to the big fire, which made him homeless. 由于大火，他的房子被烧毁了，这使他无家可归。had burnt outwas burned to the ground24短语荟萃短语荟萃burn up烧光，烧尽(多指东西被烧掉)；(通过锻炼)消耗(热能)burn out 烧坏；燃尽；耗尽体力burn sth to the ground 将烧成平地 251.Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple. (P14) 菠萝中既没有松树也没有苹果。【分析】 neither.nor.意
22、为“既不也不”，其表达的是否定含义。这个结构可连接任意两个并列的成分。【总结】 neither.nor.的用法：(1)neither.nor.连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数应和临近的主语一致，遵循“就近原则”。(2) neither也可以单独作主语，表示“两者中没有一个”。经典句式经典句式26(3)表示“一个人没有做某事，另一个人也没做同一类事”时，可用neither或nor引起的部分倒装句进行简略回答，其结构为：Neither/Nor助动词/情态动词/be动词主语。Neither grandpa nor grandma likes watching TV at home all day l
23、ong.爷爷奶奶都不喜欢一天到晚地宅在家里看电视。Neither of them likes cartoons.他们俩都不喜欢漫画。They wont go to the cinema tomorrow. Neither/Nor will we.明天他们不去看电影，我们也不去。27单句语法填空Neither Cindy nor her parents _ (like) raising pets at home.补全句子I have never been to Tokyo yet._(我也没去过).句型转换Mikes friends were not willing to travel to Q
24、inghai by air and Mike wasnt either._ _ _ _ _ _ willing to travel to Qinghai by air.likeNeither/Nor have INeitherMikesfriendsnorMikewas282.That is why when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible. (P15)这就是为什么星星出来时是看得见的，灯灭了是看不见的。【分析】 本句中That is why.意为“这就是的
25、原因”；why引导表语从句，表示结果；That指代上文提到的事实。【拓展】 其他相关句型：(1) This/That is/was why.这/那就是的原因(why引导表语从句，表示结果)(2)That/It is/was because.这/那是因为(because引导表语从句，表示原因)(3)The reason why.is/was that.的原因是(why引导定语从句并在从句中做状语；that引导表语从句，表示原因)29Peter fell off his bike.That was why he hurt his arm.Peter hurt his arm.That was be
26、cause he fell off his bike.The reason why Peter hurt his leg was that he fell off his bike.彼得从自行车上摔了下来。那就是他弄伤胳膊的原因。30单句语法填空Lucy spent all her time chatting on the WeChat. This is _ she failed in her final test.Jess decides to go to the countryside.This is _ she is tired of life in the big city.句型转换M
27、r Smith came late for the meeting because he was caught in a heavy traffic. Mr Smith was was caught in a heavy traffic._ _ _ he came late for the meeting.Tom came late for the meeting. _ _ _ he was caught in a heavy traffic._ _ _ Tom came late for the meeting _ _ he was caught in a heavy traffic. whybecauseThatwaswhyThatwasbecauseThereasonwhywasthat