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1、Unit 5 Lesson 2Using languageAttributive clauses IIAttributive clauses IILook at the sentences from the reading passage and anser the questions.a. Eventually, it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter.b. The solution to the mystery of the monarchs amazing ability comes at a time
2、when it is in serious trouble. c. Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling. d.In many of the places where the butterfly can be found, people are destroying the natural environment. Question 1：What do“where”,”when”and “why”refer to in each sentence?a.
3、where refers to the placesb. when refers to a timec. why refers to the main reasond. where refers to the places d Eventually, it manages to reach those places.It will spend the winter there.e It is in serious trouble.The es at this time.f Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of mo
4、narch butterflies is falling.Question 2:Whats the difference between the two groups of sentences?Sentences (a), (b) and (c) contain a clause defining a noun or pronoun in the sentence. Sentences (d), (e) and (f) are constructed with a pair of simple sentences, with one defining a noun or pronoun in
5、the other sentence in each pair. Question 3:Why does the author choose to use sentence (a), (b) and (c) in the reading passage?Because there is a closer link and connection between the item and the clause defining it in sentences (a), (b) and (c). It will also make the passage clearer, and create an
6、 emphatic effect on the location, time and reason being defined. PracticeRead the passage and underline the words that where, when and why refer to. In April 2017, two giant pandas from China arrived at a zoo in the Netherlands. There, they were welcomed to the Chinese-style compound where they were
7、 to live. On 30 May, after the preparations were complete, the day finally came when the pandas met their fans for the first time. People were excited - the zoo is the only place in the country where it is possible to see pandas. In fact, the last time there were pandas in the Netherlands was in 198
8、7. And of course, the main reason why they were so excited is that pandas are just so cute!Attributive clausesAttributive clauses定语从句 II II4.As引导定语从句用法(1)As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定句中充当主语，宾语，表语等。 常用于以下句型当中：Such/so. as. 像.一样 the same . as 和.同样的A computer is so useful a machine as we can use everyday.He
9、 is not the same man as he was.(2)引导非限制性定语从句，此时译为“正如，像”等。可以放在句首，句中或句末。As I remember, there were a net bar here.Taiwan is an inseparable part of China, as is known to all.the same as.和the same that.引导定语从句的区别This is the same bike that I lost yesterday. (同一事物)This is the same bike as I lost yesterday.
10、（同类事物）5.关系副词的运用(1)When 在定语从句中做时间状语，先行词为表示时间的time, day等I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. (when=on which)(2)Where 在定语从句中做地点状语，先行词为表地点的place, spot等Can you tell me the office where he works? (where = in which)(3)Why 在定语从句中做原因状语，先行词只有reason.I dont want to listen to any reason why you
11、 were absent. (why = for which) 关系副词 = 相应的介词 + 关系代词 Where引导的定语从句还可以修饰抽象空间的名词如case(情形)，situation, position(位置),stage (阶段)，point（地步）等What are the situations where body language is the only form of communication?在哪些情况下身体语言是唯一的沟通方式。(此时where = in which)6.几个特殊的先行词(1)way在定语从句中做状语时的三种引导方式 that / in which /
12、不填The way in which / that / 不填 he explains the sentence to us is quite simple.比较：The way which /that/不填 he told to us was quite simple.way在定语中作tell的宾语(2)先行词timetime表示“次数”时，用关系代词that引导定语从句This is the first time that the president has visited the country.time作“一段时间” 讲时，应用关系副词whenThis was the time when
13、 there were no radios, no telephones or no TV sets此时when = during which 在.期间(3)先行词reason当在定语从句中作状语时，定语从句的4种引导方式 why/for which/that/不填This is the reason why/for which/that/不填 he can not come here.比较：Is this the reason that/which/不填he explained to us for his absence from the conference.reason 在定语从句中做e
14、xplain的宾语7.介词+关系代词该结构的关系代词只有两种即 介词+which（指物） 介词+whom（指人）该结构介词的选用原则：(1)根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配This is the book on which I spent $ 8.This is the book for which I paid $ 8.(2)根据先行词的搭配习惯I remember the days during which I lived there.I remember the day on which I graduated from university.(3)根据整个句子所表达的意思来决定The
15、colorless gas without which we cant live is called oxygen.(4)英语中为了强调某一名词，不定式前面也可以加上关系代词。Here is the money with which to buy the piano.She is the right person on whom to depend注意：如果介词后移，关系代词可以省略The person (whom/who/that) you will write to is Todd.有些含有介词的动词短语介词不能提前如look for/after; take care of; send f
16、or; hear from/of/about deal with等This is the baby that you will look after.定语从句的主谓一致(1)当先行词是 one of + 复数名词，定语从句的位于动词要用复数形式The Great Wall is one of the world-famous buildings that draw lots of visitor every year.(2)当先行词是 the only + one of +复数名词，从句谓语用单数形式The Great Wall is the only one of the buildings
17、 on the earth that is seen from the moon.(3)先行词如果是整个句子，定语从句的谓语动词用单数Great changes have taken place in China, as is known to all.He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us.9.定语从句的转化定语从句可以转换为 ing或-ed形式The girl (who is) dancing now just returned from Taiwan.I love the stories (which were)
18、 written by Hemingway.The man (who stands) standing there is my friend. 10.定语从句的解题方法(1)判断从句是否为定语从句 （先行词，关系词，定语从句）(2)准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、宾、表、定、状)从而正确选定使用关系代词或关系副词注意：关系代词whose的用法。Whose在定语从句中做定语。当先行词是人： whose = the + 名词 + of whom 当先行词是物：whose = the + 名词 + of whichDo you know the boy whose parents / the
19、parents of whom are on holiday?Id like a room whose window / the window of which faces the sea.That引导定语从句，名词性从句 和 强调句型的区别:定语从句中的that: 关系代词，在后面的定语从句中做句子成分。名词性从句中的that：从属连词，只起连接主从句的作用，在从句中不做句子成分。强调句中的that, 运用于it is/wasthat.结构；判断标准：去掉强调句型结构，成分仍然完整。比较：This is the book that I am looking for. (that 引导定语从句
20、)It is at Bashu middle school that I have studied for three years. (that和前面的it is构成强调句型)The fact that he stole the money surprised all of us.(that 引导名词性从句-同位语从句)That he will come to the conference has excited all of us.(that引导名词性从句-主语从句)We all expect that they win, for members of their team are stro
21、nger.(that引导名词性从句-宾语从句)The reason for your failure is that you lack confidence in yourself.(that 引导名词性从句-表语从句)PracticeKey:where when why where SummarySummarySummarize what we have learnt today.Homework用适当的代词和副词完成电子邮件，必要时可加介词。Hi, Anne. I arrived in Sri Lanka last week and Im staying with the people (
22、1) _ I met in London. Sri Lanka is a wonderful place. We visited a national park (2) _ is home to elephants and other animals (3) _ are in danger of extinction. We say a female elephant (4)_ baby was only two hours old; but you have to be careful not to go too close (5)_ there is a baby, or the moth
23、er may attack you.I saw so much wildlife (6)_ Id read in books. My favorite were the giant butterflies (7)_ wings were green and blue. The only time I felt worried was (8)_ we went into a forest (9)_ snakes live. Then I understood (10) _ we had been told to wear strong shoes.Key: 1.whom 2. which 3. that 4. whose 5. where 6. about which 7.whose 8.when 9. in which 10. why