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1、新译林版高二英语选择性必修四课文及翻译（unit3）-正文内容开始- （2022牛津译林版）选择性必修四课文及翻译 Unit 3Careers and skills Reading Work to live, live to work 工作是为了生活，生活是为了工作 If you were asked the question, “Do you work to live or live to work?”, what would your answer be? Some might say that we work because we have to, not least because w
2、e need the salary that enables us to be financially independent. It is certainly true that most of us do join the labour force once our studies are completed. Indeed, it could be argued that our education is geared towards preparing us for a life of work. However, earning a living is, by no means, t
3、he only reason why we work there are other important reasons that motivate our entry into the world of work. 如果有人问你:“你工作是为了生活还是生活是为了工作?” ，你的答案是什么? 有些人可能会说，我们工作是因为我们必须这样做，尤其是因为我们需要能让我们在经济上独立的薪水。 的确，我们大多数人在学习结束后就加入了劳动大军。 事实上，可以说，我们的教育是为了让我们为一生的工作做好准备。 然而，谋生绝不是我们工作的唯一原因还有其他重要的原因促使我们进入工作的世界。 Through the
4、 work we do, our goals can be attained and our personal dreams achieved. All of us have had dreams about one thing or another and work often enables us to pursue those dreams. Henry David Thoreau said, “ if one advances confidently in the direction of his dreams, and endeavors to live the life which
5、 he has imagined, he will meet with a success unexpected in common hours.” Yang Liwei, for example, driven by his passion for flying, became a pilot and then Chinas first astronaut. Wherever our interests may lie and whatever our career choices might be, work allows us the opportunity to be engaged
6、in something we are fond of and, consequently, can give us a sense of achievement and great satisfaction. 通过我们所做的工作，我们的目标可以实现，我们的个人梦想也可以实现。 我们所有人都有这样或那样的梦想，而工作常常能让我们追求这些梦想。 亨利大卫梭罗说过:“如果一个人自信地朝着梦想的方向前进，努力地过他想象中的生活，他就会在平常的时候获得意想不到的成功。” 例如，杨利伟，由于他对飞行的热情，成为了一名飞行员，然后成为了中国的第一个宇航员。 无论我们的兴趣是什么，无论我们的职业选择是什么，
7、工作让我们有机会从事我们喜欢的事情，因此，可以给我们一种成就感和极大的满足感。 Work can also help develop our skills, thus providing room for personal growth. When we work, we must practise our skills constantly and continuously until we excel in what we do. Our rapidly changing workplace makes it necessary for us to keep up and develop
8、new skills. Twenty years ago, positions in social technologies or energy efficiency did not even exist, and it is difficult to anticipate the new positions which will emerge twenty years from now. However, it is certain that no which one can afford to be satisfied with the status quo. In order to be
9、tter adapt ourselves to new circumstances, we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills and abilities. This can add to our sense of achievement and the knowledge that we are developing as individuals as we move along our chosen career path. 工作还可以帮助我们发展技能，从而为个人成长提供空间。当我们工作时，我们必须不断地练习我们的技能，直到我们在
10、我们所做的事情上出类拔萃。我们快速变化的工作场所使我们有必要跟上和发展新的技能。20年前，社会技术或能源效率方面的职位甚至还不存在，很难预测20年后会出现什么样的新职位。然而，可以肯定的是，没有一个人能够满足于现状。为了使自己更好地适应新的环境，我们必须准备并愿意学习新的技能和能力。 这可以增加我们的成就感，并让我们知道，在我们选择的职业道路上，我们个人正在发展。 Not only does work benefit us personally, it also contributes to the health of society. At the most basic level, the
11、 different types of jobs are like gears in a machine. They work to ensure that the machine we call “society” functions properly. In a successful, stable and productive society, all jobs are equally important and no one is superior to another, so we should not have prejudice against any. Whether we a
12、re scientists, lawyers, doctors, public servants, consultants, clerks receptionists or butchers, we all make our respective contributions. Moreover, there are people who choose to step out of their comfort zone and commit themselves to working for the benefit of others. For example, teachers in remo
13、te rural areas are devoted to changing the lives of people with less access to the advantages enjoyed by many others. In this way, we work to advance our communities and bring success to our nation. 工作不仅有利于我们个人，它也有助于社会的健康。在最基本的层面上，不同类型的工作就像机器上的齿轮。他们的工作是确保我们称之为“社会”的机器正常运转。在一个成功、稳定和有生产力的社会里，所有的工作都是同等重
14、要的，没有人比别人优越，所以我们不应该对任何工作有偏见。无论我们是科学家、律师、医生、公务员、顾问、书记员、接待员还是屠夫，我们都做出了自己的贡献。此外，有些人选择走出自己的舒适区，致力于为他人的利益而工作。例如，偏远农村地区的教师致力于改变人们的生活，他们很少有机会享受其他许多人所享有的优势。通过这种方式，我们努力推动我们的社区发展，为我们的国家带来成功。 Wherever life takes us and whatever choices are laid out before us, something worth remembering is that our work, when
15、done well, will not only help us make a living but also help make a life for ourselves and for others. We can take pride in the knowledge that hard work is essential for our individual well-being as well as for the benefit of our society as a whole. 无论生活将我们带到哪里，无论摆在我们面前的是什么选择，值得记住的是，我们的工作，如果做得好，不仅会帮
16、助我们谋生，还会帮助我们自己和他人创造生活。 我们可以自豪地认识到，努力工作对于我们个人的福祉以及整个社会的利益都是必不可少的。 Extended reading Tips for job interviews 面试的技巧 Good morning, everyone. Today Ill be talking about what to do if youre asked to go for a job interview. The odds are that youve never been a candidate for a job before, but my advice will
17、help you gain the upper hand as you set off and step into the world of employment. 大家早上好。今天我要谈论的是，如果你被要求去参加工作面试，应该怎么做。很有可能你以前从来没有做过一份工作的候选人，但我的建议会帮助你在开始并步入职场时占上风。 Before we go any further, its important to understand the purpose of an interview. An interview is a conversation between an employer and
18、 a potential employee, which allows the interviewer to assess the job applicant to see if he or she is suitable for the position. Meanwhile, it also provides an opportunity for the applicant to learn more about the job and the company, and to discover whether this job is right for him or her. 在我们继续之
19、前，了解面试的目的是很重要的。 面试是雇主和潜在雇员之间的对话，面试官可以评估应聘者是否适合这个职位。 同时，它也为求职者提供了一个了解工作和公司的机会，并发现这个工作是否适合他或她。 Prior to the interview, ensure you make good preparations. Find out about the company and the role you are interviewing for through the companys profile and website. This information will give you a good bas
20、is of what criteria they use to select candidates. List your strengths and skill set that will help the company achieve their goals. Its equally important to analyse your weaknesses and have a plan in mind to show how you intend to strengthen them. 面试前，一定要做好充分的准备。 通过该公司的简介和网站了解该公司和你正在应聘的职位。 这些信息将为你提
21、供一个很好的基础，让你知道他们选择候选人的标准。 列出你能帮助公司实现目标的强项和技能。 同样重要的是，分析你的弱点，并在头脑中制定计划，表明你打算如何加强它们。 Once youve done your homework about the company and the position, make a list of questions that could be asked during the interview and think about how to best answer them. Better yet, do practice interviews with a fri
22、end. You can film the interviews to review your performance. Pay attention to your voice and body language. Practice makes perfect. Keep at it until you can concisely and confidently present your best self. 一旦你对公司和职位做了充分的了解，就把在面试过程中可能被问到的问题列出来，然后思考如何最好地回答这些问题。 更好的方法是和朋友一起练习面试。 你可以把面试过程录下来，回顾一下自己的表现。
23、 注意你的声音和肢体语言。 熟能生巧。 坚持下去，直到你能够简洁、自信地展示你最好的自己。 Prepare to make a good first impression. Dress appropriately for your interview and gentlemen, be sure to have a good shave. Get a good nights rest so that you feel and look refreshed. Check the address of the interview, decide what mode of transport to
24、use and allow extra time for traffic delays. Remember, be an early bird and arrive at least half an hour before your confirmed interview time. 准备好留下良好的第一印象。面试时穿着得体，先生们，一定要刮胡子。晚上好好休息，这样你会感觉精神焕发。检查面试地点，决定使用何种交通方式，为交通延误留出额外的时间。记住，要做一个早起的人，至少在确定面试时间前半小时到达。 For the duration of the interview, listen caref
25、ully to the question, and if you need clarification, it is not rude to say so. When answering, try to find the right conversational balance by giving all the information an interviewer needs to get a complete picture of you without talking too much. Justify yourself with relevant examples from your
26、personal experience and be specific about your achievements. However, youll also need to pay attention to the interviewers responses to determine whether to provide more details or not. 在面试的过程中，仔细听问题，如果你需要澄清，那么说出来并不是不礼貌的。 在回答问题的时候，试着在对话中找到恰当的平衡，把所有面试官需要的信息都告诉他，让他不费太多口舌就能对你有一个全面的了解。用你个人经历中的相关例子来证明你自己
27、，并具体说明你的成就。然而，你也需要注意面试官的回答，以决定是否提供更多的细节。 The interviewer can infer a lot from your body language. Positive body language conveys the impression that you are confident and relaxed. So start with a firm handshake and a genuine smile when greeting the interviewer. While speaking, make constant eye cont
28、act but do not stare fixedly at the interviewer. Keep your back straight throughout the interview. Negative body language such as yawning, looking around and crossing your arms, is to be avoided because it implies that you are bored, anxious or defensive. 面试官可以从你的肢体语言中推断出很多信息。积极的肢体语言给人一种自信和放松的印象。所以当
29、你和面试官打招呼的时候，首先要握手坚定，并报以真诚的微笑。说话的时候，要保持眼神交流，但不要盯着面试官看。在整个面试过程中保持背部挺直。 要避免消极的肢体语言，比如打哈欠、环顾四周、交叉双臂，因为这暗示着你感到无聊、焦虑或有戒心。 Towards the end of the interview, dont forget to seize the moment and ask questions. An interview is a two-way street. Ask questions that give you a better picture of the company while
30、 allowing you to address any strengths you werent able to bring up naturally. For example, “Japanese was a minor subject I took and I know that expanding into Japan is part of your corporate plan. Will this position provide opportunities to work in emerging markets there?” 面试快结束的时候，不要忘记抓住机会提问。面试是双向的
31、。问一些能让你对公司有一个更好的了解的问题，同时也能让你说出你不能很自然地提到的优点。例如，“日语是我辅修的课程，我知道向日本扩张是你们公司计划的一部分。这个职位能否提供在新兴市场工作的机会?” After the interview, you should follow up by writing to thank the interviewer for giving you the opportunity and again express your interest in working for the company. This is not only a polite thing t
32、o do, but also a final chance to recommend yourself. Its also vital to look back on the process to see what you did well and where improvements are still needed. 面试结束后，你应该写信感谢面试官给你这个机会，并再次表达你为这家公司工作的兴趣。这不仅是一件礼貌的事情，也是最后一次自我推荐的机会。回顾这个过程，看看你在哪些方面做得不错，哪些地方还需要改进，这也是非常重要的。 If you follow these steps and pu
33、t your best foot forward in your interview, you will be one step closer to reaching the end of the rainbow and obtaining your dream job. I wish you the best of luck! 如果你按照下面的步骤去做，在面试中展现出最好的一面，你就会离彩虹的尽头和获得梦想工作又近了一步。祝你好运! 第12页 共12页第 12 页 共 12 页第 12 页 共 12 页第 12 页 共 12 页第 12 页 共 12 页第 12 页 共 12 页第 12 页 共 12 页第 12 页 共 12 页第 12 页 共 12 页第 12 页 共 12 页第 12 页 共 12 页