高三英语培优外刊阅读学案:日本老店话题.docx

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1、高三英语培优外刊阅读班级:_学号:_姓名:_外刊精选千年不衰的日本老店,有什么秘诀?【背景介绍】近日,纽约时报记者探访了一家特别的日本点心店:经由世代传承,它已经营业了一千多年。这家小店的成功秘诀是什么?这类依靠家族传承的日本小企业具有什么特点?This Japanese Shop Is 1,020 Years Old. It Knows a Bit About Surviving Crises.By Ben Dooley and Hisako UenoNaomi Hasegawas family sells toasted mochi out of a small, cedar-timber

2、ed shop next to a rambling old shrine in Kyoto. The family started the business to provide refreshments to weary travelers coming from across Japan to pray for pandemic relief - in the year 1000.Like many businesses in Japan, her familys shop, Ichiwa, takes the long view - albeit longer than most. B

3、y putting tradition and stability over profit and growth, Ichiwa has weathered wars, plagues, natural disasters, and the rise and fall of empires.Japan is an old-business superpower. The country is home to more than 33,000 with at least 100 years of history. Most of these old businesses are, like Ic

4、hiwa, small, family-run enterprises that deal in traditional goods and services. But some are among Japans most famous companies, including Nintendo, which got its start making playing cards 131 years ago. If you look at the economics textbooks, enterprises are supposed to be maximizing profits, sca

5、ling up their size, market share and growth rate. But these companies operating principles are completely different, said Kenji Matsuoka, a professor emeritus of business at Ryukoku University in Kyoto.Their No. 1 priority is carrying on, he added. Each generation is like a runner in a relay race. W

6、hats important is passing the baton.To survive for a millennium, Ms. Hasegawa said, a business cannot just chase profits. It has to have a higher purpose. Those kinds of core values, known as kakun, or family precepts, have guided many companies business decisions through the generations. They look

7、after their employees, support the community and strive to make a product that inspires pride.For Ichiwa, that means doing one thing and doing it well - a very Japanese approach to business.But Ms. Hasegawa admits she sometimes feels the pressure of the shops history. One reason we keep going, she a

8、dded, is because we all hate the idea of being the one to let it go.【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。1.mochi mti n. _2.timbered tmbd adj. _3.rambling rmbl adj. _4.shrine ran n._5.refreshment rfremnt n. _6.weary wri adj. _7.pandemic pndemk n._8.albeit lbit conj. _9.weather we vt. _10.plague ple n. _11.priorit

9、y prarti n. _12.baton btn n. _13.kakun n. _14.precept prisept n. _15.approach prt n._16.emeritus n. _ adj. _【词块学习】请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。1.挺过危机,活下来_2.表出处_3.看远一点;从长计议_4.把 A 放在 B 的上面_5.王朝兴衰_6.的所在地/家园;某地盛产_7.本应该_8.追求利润最大化_9.扩大_10.市场占有率_11.增长率_12.核心价值观_13.不想_14.放手_15.持续下去,延续下去_拓展练习阅读理解My husband is reading

10、The Secret Garden aloud to our kids. They are at the part where Mary has told Colin that shes found the garden her mother loved. Its an exciting moment. But the passage Im waiting for is a few chapters on, after Colin has tasted his first breaths of fresh air and Mary has grown strong running in the

11、 garden. Its just a detail, but my kids will notice it: a delicious description of toasted potatoes and eggs.We have a tradition of trying foods from the books we read aloud. It started when we read Elizabeth Enrights The Saturdays, and one of the boys asked, “What are petite fours (花色小蛋糕)?” An answ

12、er, my husband and I felt, wouldnt be as good as a sample. So one Saturday we all sat down having tea and little cakes, covered with pink, green, and yellow. It was exciting for the kids to try a dessert they had learned about in a book. The petite fours they tried didnt tell them what it was like t

13、o live in New York City 60 years ago, but tasting them made the books words alive. Later, when we read C.S. Lewiss The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, we had Turkish delight. We read The Penderwicks, written by Jeanne Birdsall, and had gingerbread (姜饼). We read Paddington Bear and tried marmalade

14、(橘子果酱).Soon we will reach the part of The Secret Garden where Mary, Colin, and Dickon roast potatoes and eggs in a small oven (炉) in the earth. My kids will go out into the woods to find the perfect place for an oven of our own. Yes, weve eaten potatoes and eggs, but never in the open air.The world

15、that a good book creates is whole and real, but it lies flat on the page until a reader gives life to it.21.The author believes tasting foods from the books may help children _.A.understand the books better.B.enjoy more healthy food.C.be friendlier to each other.D.know more about history.22.The unde

16、rlined words “Turkish delight” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to _.A.a great timeB.something deliciousC.a trip to TurkeyD.more stories23.From the fourth paragraph, we can learn that the authors family _.A.will look for a secret garden in the woods.B.will read The Secret Garden in the open air.C.will

17、eat roasted potatoes and eggs at home.D.will cook potatoes and eggs in the woods.24.Which of the following could be the best title of the passage?A.The taste of a good bookB.The best way to make kids learnC.Eating means more than readingD.Our toasted potatoes and eggs外刊精选答案【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。1.

18、mochi mti n. 麻薯,糯米团子2.timbered tmbd adj. 木制的,木结构的3.rambling rmbl adj. 布局凌乱的4.shrine ran n. 神社5.refreshment rfremnt n. 点心6.weary wri adj. 疲惫的7.pandemic pndemk n. 流行病;瘟疫8.albeit lbit conj. 尽管;虽然9.weather we vt. 经受住(打击)10.plague ple n. 瘟疫11.priority prarti n. 优先考虑的事12.baton btn n. 接力棒13.kakun n. 家训 14.

19、precept prisept n. 戒律,格言15.approach prt n. 方式16.emeritus n. 名誉退休者 adj. 退休后保留头衔的,名誉退休的【词块学习】请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。1.survive crisis挺过危机,活下来2.out of表出处3.take the long view看远一点;从长计议4.put A over B把 A 放在 B 的上面5.the rise and fall of empires王朝兴衰6.be home to sth.的所在地/家园;某地盛产7.be supposed to本应该8.maximize profits

20、追求利润最大化9.scale up扩大10.market share市场占有率11.growth rate增长率12.core values核心价值观13.hate the idea of不想14.let it go放手15.carry on持续下去,延续下去【全文翻译】如何渡过危机?这家经营了1020年的日本老店有心得二三在京都一座格局凌乱的古神社旁,有一间由雪松木搭成的小店。长谷川直美一家在这里卖烤麻薯。自公元1000年起,长谷川家便开始营业,为的是给疲惫的游客们提供茶点:他们从日本各地赶到这里,祈祷疫情的消散。许多日本企业一样,她家这间名为“一和”的小店看得很长远,起码比大多数企业都长远

21、。比起利润和增长,一和更看重传统和稳定。因此,它在战争、瘟疫、自然灾害和王朝更迭之后,依然还在。日本是老牌企业的超级大国。这里,有三万三千多家历史逾百年的企业。同一和一样,这些历史悠久的公司大部分是小型家族企业,经营的是传统商品和服务。不过,其中也有日本最富盛名的企业,例如131年前,靠制作游戏卡牌起家的任天堂。松冈健次是京都龙谷大学的商学荣誉教授。他评价说:“根据经济学教科书的说法,企业该做的是利润最大化、扩大规模、提升市场份额、提高增长率。但这些公司的经营理念完全不同。”他补充到:“他们的首要任务是延续。每一代人都像是一场接力赛的选手,关键是要把接力棒传递下去。”长谷川女士说,一家企业如果想历经千年而不倒,就不能只追求利润。它必须有更高远的目标。一代又一代,这些被称为“kakun”或者“家训”的核心价值一直指导着很多企业的商业决策。他们照料员工,支持社区,并致力于制作令自己引以为傲的产品。对于一和而言,这意味着做一件事,并把它做好。这是一种非常有日本特色的经营模式。然而,长谷川女士承认,她有时也会因店铺的历史而感到压力。她说“我们坚持做下去”的原因之一,是“因为我们都不愿意做那个放弃的人。”拓展练习阅读理解参考答案21.A 22.B 23.D 24.A 学科网(北京)股份有限公司

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