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1、专题六 形容词与副词【形容词与副词概念】形容词是用来修饰名词的，常被放在名词前作定语，或放在系动词后面作表语。而副词则用来修饰形容词、动词、其他副词或者句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。一. 形容词与副词比较级,最高级: 构成： 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的有规则变化和不规则变化两种1. 规则变化如下表：构成方法原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加-er或-estlongtalllongertallerlongesttallest以字母-e结尾的词，加-r或-stlargenicelargernicerlargestnicest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先变y为i，
2、再加-er或-estbusyheavyfunnyearlybusierheavierfunnierearlierbusiestheaviestfunniestearliest重读闭音节词只有一个辅 音字母结尾时，先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-estbighotfatbiggerhotterfatterbiggesthottestfattest多音节和部分双音节词在原级前加more或mostusefulbeautifulquicklyslowlymoreusefulmorebeautifulmorequicklymoreslowlymostusefulmostbeautifulmostquick
3、lymostslowly2.不规则变化：原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworstlittlelessleastmany/muchmoremostfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest二形容词、副词比较级和最高级的常用句型1. 原级as+形容词/副词原级+as 和.一样 否定：not as/so+形容词/副词原级 和.不一样2.比较级比较级+than the+比较级，the+比较级 比较级+and+比较级 the+比较级+of the two. “两者
4、中较.的”比较级前可用much，even，still，far, a little, a lot, by far, 3. 最高级the + 最高级 + 比较范围 “.之中最.”one of the + 最高级 + 可数复数 + 比较范围 “.中最.之一”序数词 + 最高级 4. 倍数的表达倍数 + as +原级+名词+ as 倍数+比较级+ than 倍数+ the +名词（size，length，height，weight，width等）+ of 倍数+ what 从句=倍数+ that of三、兼有两种形式的副词hardhardlyhard 刻苦地；猛烈地 困难地；坚硬地He studies
5、 very hard.Its very hard for me to solve the math problem.hardly 几乎不；否定副词We hardly have time to eat breakfast.highhighlyhigh 高的；地位高；声音高Its a high building.The plane flies high.highly 非常（常和praise，speak等词连用）They spoke very highly of him.deepdeeplydeep 深的；深深地，表示空间深度He pushed the stick deep into the mud
6、.deeply 时常表示感情上的深度，“深深地；深刻地；深沉地；”+形容词或过去分词与hate，dislike，regret，admire，love，value等动词连用 Even father was deeply moved by the film.I deeply regret his death.I am deeply grateful to you.latelatelylate迟；晚You have come too late.lately最近；近来（同recently）as late as=as lately as“近至；直到”What have you been doing la
7、tely?I saw him as late(lately)as yesterday.nearnearlynear在附近The train came nearer and nearer.nearly几乎；差不多It is nearly ten oclock.closecloselyclose靠近；挨近；接近He is sitting close to me.closely紧密地；仔细地；严密地Watch him closely.We followed closely after him.mostmostlymost最；非常Its a most interesting book i have e
8、ver read.mostly主要地；一般地Its a most interesting book i have ever read.widewidelywide宽的，广阔的He opened the door wide.widely广泛地，普遍地English is widely used in the world.freefreely免费的；自由的You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.无限制地You may speak freely; say what you like.四、以ly结尾的形容词：表示时间hourly，dail
9、y，nightly，weekly，monthly，quarterly，yearly，early，timely表示人manly，womanly，wifely，fatherly，childly表示人的外貌、特征、性格、心理等lovely，friendly，lively，kindly，sickly，poorly，lonely，ugly，elderly，homely表示事物特征、环境、情况、状态likely，orderly，costly，deadly，mannerly，chilly，disorderly，【达标测试】一单句语法填空1It is _(reason) to assume that he k
10、new beforehand that this would happen.2Success doesnt only depend on what you do. What you dont do is _(equal) important.3I _(mere) suggested you should do it again. Theres no need to get annoyed.4Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is_(clean) than ever.5Ive been writing
11、this report _(occasion) for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.6His teacher took a deep drink, smiled_(warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.7He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” _ (high)8We d
12、rank together and talked _ (merry) till far into the night.9Games are often _ (excite) and dramatic, but they generally arent very intellectual.10Seated in a comfortable chair, listening to the peaceful music, youll be brought into a _ (relax) state of mind.11This proverb is saying we have to let th
13、ings go in their _ (nature) course.12“How much is a dish of plain ice cream？”he asked. Some people were now waiting for her service and the waitress grew a bit _ (patience).“Thirtyfive cents”，she said _ (rude)13Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said _ (sharp), Dont be so mean, pointi
14、ng a finger of warning at her. 14Im so_ (gratitude) to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.15Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which _ (gradual) turned into chopsticks. 二、单句改错1I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left
15、. 2A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. 3It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road. 4They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. 5I enjoyed studying different kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the l
16、ate music albums. 6Instead, he hopes that his business will grow steady. 7At one time, I even felt my parents couldnt understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. 8They were also the best and worse years in my life. 9The dishes what I cooked were Moms favoritest. 10Lots of studies have show
17、n that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. 三、语篇填空(用所给单词的适当形式完成下列短文)When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of 1._ (wood) boxes which contained clothing. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was 2._ (extreme) heav
18、y. It 3._ (sudden) occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. He was 4._ (astonish) at what he found. A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of 5._ (wool) goods. He was 6._ surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested, the man admitted hiding
19、 7._(silent) in the box before the plane left London. He had had a long and 8._(comfort) trip, for he had been confined(关在)to the wooden box 9._(secret) for over eighteen hours. The man was ordered to pay3,500 for the cost of the trip, which was 10._ expensive than the normal price, which only cost
20、2,000.会考模拟题：1. Zhaozhou Bridge is one of _ stone bridges in the world.A.old B.older C.oldest D.the oldest 2. This street is much_ than that one.A. the widest B. widest C. wide D. wider3.What a _ boy, He worked out such a difficult math problem.A. strong B. kind C. lazy D. clever4. Because people can
21、 find information on the Internet, knowledge spreads_.A. nearly B. hardly C. loudly D. quickly5. Paul isnt as _ as Sandy. He often makes mistakes in his homework.A. careless B. more careful C. more careless D. careful6. Xian is one of_ capital_ in China.A. older; city B. the older; city C. oldest; c
22、ities D. the oldest; cities7. David doesnt like films. And he _ goes to the cinema.A. often B. usually C. seldom D. recently8. _ children there are in a family, _ their life will be.A. The less; the better B. The fewer; the better C. Fewer: richer D. More; poorer9. The more you listen to English, _
23、youll feel in understanding English.A.the well B. the easier C.the more easily D.easily10. 短文改错：Nowadays, the great number of people, especially young people, likes ordering meals online. Its not surprised. First, as the pace of modern life is becoming fast than before, people have less time to cook
24、 even one meal for himself. Second, the development of technology brings us smart phones and new apps, what may lead to the increase in online service. However, we should pay more attention to food. As we all know it, our health is closely related to what we eat. Although the service provides us with convenience, we must take the food safety consideration. Home-made food is cleaner and healthier, but I prefer to cook food at home rather than ordering meals online.6学科网（北京）股份有限公司