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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流计算机专业英语key-term chapter 7.精品文档.Key Terms - Chapter 7access speedMeasures the amount of time required by the storage device to retrieve data and programs.Blu-ray disc (BD)A type of high-definition disc with a capacity of 25 to 50 gigabytes.capacityCapacity is how much data a
2、 particular storage medium can hold and another characteristic of secondary storage.CD (compact disc)Widely used optical disc format. It holds 650 MB (megabytes) to 1 GB (gigabyte) of data on one side of the CD.CD-R (CD-recordable)Stands for CD-recordable. This optical disc can be written to only on
3、ce. After that it can be read many times without deterioration but cannot be written on or erased. Used to create custom music CDs and to archive data.CD-ROM (compact discread-only memory)Optical disc that allows data to be read but not recorded. Used to distribute large databases, references, and s
4、oftware application packages.CD-RW (compact discrewriteable)A reusable, optical disc that is not permanently altered when data is recorded. Used to create and edit large multimedia presentations.cloud computingData stored at a server on the Internet and available anywhere the Internet can be accesse
5、d.cylinderHard disks store and organize files using tracks, sectors, and cylinders. A cylinder runs through each track of a stack of platters. Cylinders differentiate files stored on the same track and sector of different platters.densityRefers to how tightly the bits (electromagnetic charges) can b
6、e packed next to one another on a floppy disk.disk cachingMethod of improving hard-disk performance by anticipating data needs. Frequently used data is read from the hard disk into memory (cache). When needed, data is then accessed directly from memory, which has a much faster transfer rate than fro
7、m the hard disk. Increases performance by as much as 30 percent.DVD (digital versatile disc or digital video disc)Similar to CD-ROMs except that more data can be packed into the same amount of space. DVDdrives can store 4.7 GB to 17 GB on a single DVD disc or 17 times the capacity of CDs.DVD playerA
8、lso known as DVD-ROM drives.SeeDVD.DVDR (DVD recordable)A DVD with a write-once format that differs slightly from the format of DVD+R. Typically used to create permanent archives for large amounts of data and to record videos.DVD+R (DVD recordable)A DVD with a write-once format that differs slightly
9、 from the format of DVD R. Typically used to create permanent archives for large amounts of data and to record videos.DVD-RAM (DVD random-access memory)A high capacity, maximum-performance disc that allows the user to read the information, write over it, and erase the data if necessary. Used like a
10、floppy disk to copy, delete files, and run programs. It has up to 8 times the storage capacity of a CD and also can be used to read CD and DVD formats.DVD-ROM (DVDread-only memory)Used to distribute full-length feature films with theater-quality video and sound. Also known asDVD players. Are read-on
11、ly.DVD+RW / DVD-RW (DVD rewriteable)Another DVD format to record and erase repeatedly. Able to create and read CD discs along with creating and editing large-scale multimedia presentations.enterprise storage systemUsing mass storage devices, a strategy is designed for organizations to promote effici
12、ent and safe use of data across the networks within their organizations.erasable optical discOptical disc on which the disk drive can write information and also erase and rewrite information. Also known as CD-RW or compact disc rewriteable.external hard driveUses the same technology as an internal h
13、ard disk but is used primarily to complement an internal hard disk by providing additional storage. They are typically connected to a USB or FireWire port on the system unit and are easily removed.file compressionProcess of reducing the storage requirements for a file.file decompressionProcess of ex
14、panding a compressed file.file serverDedicated computer with large storage capacity providing users access to shared folders or fast storage and retrieval of information used in that business.flash driveSeeUSB drive.flash memory cardA solid-state storage device widely used in notebook computers. Fla
15、sh memory also is used in a variety of specialized input devices to capture and transfer data to desktop computers.hard diskEnclosed disk drive containing one or more metallic disks. Hard disks use magnetic charges to record data and have large storage capacities and fast retrieval times.head crashW
16、hen a read-write head makes contact with the hard disks surface or particles on its surface, the disk surface becomes scratched and some or all data is destroyed.hi def (high definition)The next generation of optical disc, which offers increased storage capacities.internal hard diskStorage device co
17、nsisting of one or more metallic platters sealed inside a container. Internal hard disks are installed inside the system cabinet of a microcomputer. It stores the operating system and major applications like Word.landSeelands and pits.lands and pitsFlat and bumpy areas, respectively, that represent
18、1s and 0s on the optical disc surface to be read by a laser.mass storageRefers to the tremendous amount of secondary storage required by large organizations.mass storage devicesDevices such as file servers, RAID systems, tape libraries, optical jukeboxes, and more.mediaMedia are the actual physical
19、material that holds the data, such as a floppy disk, which is one of the important characteristics of secondary storage. Singular of media is work attached storage (NAS)Similar to a file server except simpler and less expensive. Widely used for home and small business storage needs.online storagePro
20、vide users with storage space that can be accessed from a Web site.optical discStorage device that can hold over 17 gigabytes of data, which is an equivalent of several million typewritten pages. Lasers are used to record and read data on the disc. The two basic types of optical discs are compact di
21、scs (CDs) and digital versatile or video discs (DVDs).organizational cloud storageHigh-speed Internet connection to a dedicated remote organizational Internet drive site.pitSeelands and pits.platterRigid metallic disk; multiple platters are stacked one on top of another within a hard disk drive.prim
22、ary storageHolds data and program instructions for processing data. It also holds processed information before it is output.Seememory.RAID systemSeveral inexpensive hard-disk drives connected to improve performance and provide reliable storage.redundant arrays of inexpensive disks (RAIDs)Groups of i
23、nexpensive hard-disk drives related or grouped together using networks and special software. They improve performance by expanding external storage.secondary storagePermanent storage used to preserve programs and data that can be retained after the computer is turned off. These devices include flopp
24、y disks, hard disks, magnetic tape, CDs, DVDs, and more.secondary storage deviceThese devices are used to save, backup, and transport files from one location or computer to another.Seesecondary storage.sectorSection shaped like a pie wedge that divides the tracks on a disk.solid-state drive (SSD)Des
25、igned to be connected inside a microcomputer system the same way an internal hard disk would be, but contains solid-state memory instead of magnetic disks to store data.solid-state storageA secondary storage device that has no moving parts. Data is stored and retrieved electronically directly from t
26、hese devices, much as they would be from conventional computer memory.storage area network (SAN)An architecture that links remote computer storage devices such as enterprise storage systems to computers so that the devices are available as locally attached drives.storage deviceHardware that reads da
27、ta and programs from storage media. Most also write to storage media.tape libraryDevice that provides automatic access to data archived on a large collection or library of tapes.trackClosed, concentric ring on a disk on which data is recorded. Each track is divided into sections called sectors.USB driveThe size of a key chain, these hard drives connect to a computers USB port enabling a transfer of files; has a capacity of up to 64GB.