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1、人教版 必修五 unit5 first aid language points 知识点语言点精心整理 Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more. Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more. -author -author -date-dateVerbNounAdjecti
2、ve injury swollen bleed sprain poisonous Complete the table with the correct nouns, verbs or adjectives.1injureinjuredswellswellingblood/bleedingblood/bleedingsprainsprainedpoisonpoisonVerbNounAdjective variety organic choke water infectComplete the table with the correct nouns, verbs or adjectives.
3、1various varyorganizeorganchokechokedwaterwateryinfectioninfected/infectiousComplete the sentences with new words or phrases from the unit.1. When do you need to use your knowledge about_ _? When someone suddenly _or has an accident.2. What is the _? It is an organ which acts as a _ against disease,
4、 poisons and the suns harmful _.3. What are the functions of the skin described as _ ? It keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing too much water and provides you with your _ of touch.2 first aid skincomplex sense falls ill barrier rays5 .What is it _ to do if you have third degree
5、burns? Go to the hospital.6. What are the _ of first degree burns? They are dry, red, and mildly _. symptoms swollen4. What can hurt the _ of the skin? Hot _ from pans on the stove, electric shocks, radiation, fire and the sun. tissue liquid vitalUseful words and expressions There are three types of
6、 burns. Burns 1 _ (call) first，second or third degree burns，depending on 2 _ layers of the skin are burned. First degree burns These affect only 3_ top layer of the skin.These burns are not serious and should feel better 4_ a day or two. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by 5 _ (touch)
7、a hot pan，stove or iron for a moment.are called whichthewithintouchingReview Second degree burns These affect 6_ the top and the second layer of the skin. These burns are serious and take a few weeks 7_ (heal). Examples include severe sunburn and burns caused by hot liquids.bothto heal Third degree
8、burns These affect 8_three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs 9 _ the skin. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks，burning clothes，or severe petrol fires.These burns cause very severe 10_ (injure) and the victim must go to hospital at once.allunderinjuries 1_ n. & vt.帮助；援助；资助帮助；援
9、助；资助2_ adj.暂时的；临时的暂时的；临时的3_ n损伤；伤害损伤；伤害_ v受伤受伤4_ vi. & vt.流血流血_(过去式过去式) _(过去分词过去分词)5choke vi. & vt._6poison n_ adj.有毒的有毒的重点单词aidtemporaryinjuryinjurebleedbledbled(使使)噎住；噎住；(使使)窒息窒息毒药；毒害毒药；毒害 vt.毒害；使中毒毒害；使中毒poisonous7_ n变化；多样变化；多样(化化)；多变；多变(性性)_ adj.各种各样的各种各样的_ v变化变化8_ adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的轻微的；温和的；温柔的_ adv
10、.轻微地；温和地轻微地；温和地9_ vi. & vt.(使使)膨胀；隆起膨胀；隆起_ adj.肿胀的肿胀的10squeeze vt. & vi._11symptom n_varietyvariousvarymildmildlyswellswollen榨；挤；压榨榨；挤；压榨症状；征兆症状；征兆12pour vt. & vi._13_ adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的牢的；紧的；紧密的_ adv.紧地紧地14_ adj.(动作动作)稳定有力的；坚定的稳定有力的；坚定的_ adv.坚固坚固地；稳定地地；稳定地15treat vt. & vi.治疗；对待；款待治疗；对待；款待 n款待；招待款待；招待_ n
11、治疗；疗法；对待；待遇治疗；疗法；对待；待遇16apply vt._ n申请人申请人_ n申请申请(书书)倒；灌；注；涌倒；灌；注；涌tighttightlyfirmfirmlytreatment涂；敷；搽；应用；运用涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；有效申请；请求；有效applicantapplicationfall illget injuredgive first aidprevent from sense of touchget burneda variety ofdepend on生病生病负伤负伤, , 受伤受伤进行急救进行急救阻止阻止, , 防止防止, , 使使不不触觉触觉被
12、烧伤被烧伤/ /烫着烫着种种种种, , 多种多样多种多样取决于取决于, , 随随 . . 而定而定Translate the phrases into Chinese.9. within a day or two10. for a moment11. take off12. squeeze out13. over and over again14. get infected15. stick to16. in place17. cause infection18. sit up在一两天内在一两天内片刻片刻, , 一会儿一会儿脱掉脱掉, , 去除去除榨出，挤出榨出，挤出反复；多次反复；多次被感染
13、被感染附着于附着于在适当的位置；适当在适当的位置；适当导致传染导致传染坐直坐直, , 坐起来坐起来Language points(1)by/with the aid of sb.with sb.s aid 在某人的帮助下在某人的帮助下in aid of 以以/为了援助为了援助go/come to sb.s aid 去去/来援助某人来援助某人do/give/offer/perform/carry out first aid 进行急救进行急救(2)aid sb.in sth./doing sth. 在某方面帮助某人在某方面帮助某人aid sb.with sth. 以某物帮助某人以某物帮助某人aid
14、 sb.to do sth. 帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事1.aid n.& vt.帮助，援助；资助帮助，援助；资助1) 我们正集资以资助那些在地震中失去家园的人。 We are collecting money in aid of the people who have lost their homes in the earthquake.2) 在英语老师的帮助下，这学期我们已经取得了进步。With the aid of our English teacher, we have made progress this term.3) 我不会说法语，不过一个好心人帮了我的忙，告诉我怎么走。I d
15、idnt speak any French, but a nice man came to my aid and told me where to go.小试身手：动动笔2. temporary adj. 暂时的，临时的暂时的，临时的反义：反义：permanent adj.永久的，持久的永久的，持久的运用：根据汉语意思完成英文句子。运用：根据汉语意思完成英文句子。The boss had to hire some _ (临时工临时工) to do some_ (临时工作临时工作). temporary worktemporary workers3. fall ill是“病倒”的意思，其中fal
16、l是连系动词。Fall相关短语回顾：相关短语回顾：fall asleepfall behind fall apartfall downfall offfall over1. 土崩瓦解；土崩瓦解；(关系关系)崩裂，崩溃崩裂，崩溃2. 2. 睡着，入睡睡着，入睡3. 3. 从从落下；倒下；跌倒；落下；倒下；跌倒；(建筑物建筑物等等)倒塌倒塌4. 减少；下降；跌落；离开；衰退减少；下降；跌落；离开；衰退5. 跌倒，摔倒；绊了一跤跌倒，摔倒；绊了一跤6.6.(竞赛等竞赛等)落在落在(对方对方)后面；输给别人后面；输给别人 用用fall的适当短语完成下面的句子的适当短语完成下面的句子 。1) 那个孩子从
17、墙上掉下来伤着了右腿。那个孩子从墙上掉下来伤着了右腿。 The boy_ _ the wall and hurt his right leg. 2) 他不想在学习上落后于别人。他不想在学习上落后于别人。 He didnt want to _ _ others in his studies. 3) 汤姆没来，因为他生病了。汤姆没来，因为他生病了。 Tom is absent, for he has _ _. 4) 他溜冰的时候跌倒过几次。他溜冰的时候跌倒过几次。When he was skating, he _ _ some times. 小试身手fell offfall behindfalle
18、n illfell over 4. injury n. 损伤；伤害；损伤；伤害； eg: He got serious injuries to the legs while working. 他工作时腿受重伤。他工作时腿受重伤。拓展：拓展：do sb. an injury=do an injury to sb. 伤害某人伤害某人injured adj. 受伤的；委屈的受伤的；委屈的injure v. 使使受伤受伤get+ injured：get过去分词表被动或状态过去分词表被动或状态She got dressed up. 她穿上了衣服。（动作）她穿上了衣服。（动作）She was dresse
19、d up.她穿着衣服。（状态）她穿着衣服。（状态）句意理解：句意理解：Be careful when working, or you will get hurt.The door got broken.The car got damaged in the accident.our car gets cleaned once every week.5.poison n.毒药，毒害毒药，毒害vt.毒害；使中毒毒害；使中毒 adj.有毒的，有害的有毒的，有害的Its time that TV plays should be forbidden to play.He tried to kill him
20、self by taking .Gases from cars are the air of our cities.poisonouspoisonouspoisonpoisoning6. bleed vi. & vt. 流血；流血； eg:1) If you cut your finger, it will bleed. 如果你割破手指，它会流血。如果你割破手指，它会流血。 2) My heart bleeds for the victims of the air crash. 我为飞机失事的受害者感到悲痛。我为飞机失事的受害者感到悲痛。 拓展：拓展：bleed for 为为. .流血流血(伤
21、心伤心),对对. .表示同情表示同情bleed to death 流血而死流血而死blood n. 血；血液；血；血液；bloody adj.血污的，流血的；残忍的血污的，流血的；残忍的Blood is thicker than water.血浓于水。血浓于水。bleed-bled-bled/blood/bloody Jack came home with a nose.She a lot soon after the baby was born.The government calls on the youth (献血献血)voluntarily.bloodybledto donate th
22、eir blood 1. She did _ (急救急救) to the child when he was cut by a knife .2. He has a _ (暂时的暂时的) house ,for he cant afford a flat.3. You should not _ (生病生病) if you do exercise. 4. She has a serious _ (损伤损伤) because she has an accident.5. They decided to _ (毒杀毒杀) the tiger but failed. first aidtemporary
23、fall illinjurypoison巩固练习巩固练习7. Swell (swelled，swollen) v.(使使)膨胀；膨胀；(数量数量)增多；充满增多；充满swell up 膨胀，肿胀膨胀，肿胀 Her eyes began to swell up.swell out 鼓出鼓出/突出突出 The sails(帆船帆船) swelled out in the wind.swell with 充满充满 My heart swelled with regret.运用：用英语解释下面的划线部分：运用：用英语解释下面的划线部分： Iron often swells when heated. W
24、ith the development of the economy，the number of foreigners to China is swelling. Her eyes swelled with sadness. are filled withbecomes largerincreasing8. stick1) stick sth. on sth. 贴在贴在上上 Stick a label（标签）（标签） on your suitcase.2) stick sth. to sth. 粘住粘住 Stick the glue（胶）（胶） to my fingers.3) stick s
25、th. in sth. 陷在陷在里里 Stick the key in the mud（泥）（泥）.4) Stick to sth. 坚持（做某事，不怕困难）坚持（做某事，不怕困难）;固守固守;维持维持You should stick to baseball.I hate listening to him; he never sticks to his point.我不喜欢听他说，他从不坚持自己的观点。我不喜欢听他说，他从不坚持自己的观点。squeeze in 挤进去挤进去squeeze out 榨出，挤出榨出，挤出squeeze through 挤过，勉强通过挤过，勉强通过squeeze s
26、th. into sth. 将将挤进挤进squeeze sth. from/out of sth. 从从榨取出榨取出9. squeeze vt.& vi.榨；挤；压榨榨；挤；压榨运用：用适当的介词或副词填空。运用：用适当的介词或副词填空。 She squeezed some juice_ the lemon. He squeezed_ the crowd and then went up to the stage. from through The elevator was full，but I managed to squeeze _. He squeezed everything_ the
27、 suitcase. Those outdated products were squeezed _ the market. inintoout of10. Hold the bandage in place with tape（胶带）（胶带）. in place 在适当的位置；适宜的 I like to have everything in place. Before you leave the office, put everything in place. 对比：对比： It is best to place burns under gently running water for ab
28、out 10 minutes. place v. 放置He placed cups and saucers（茶托）（茶托） on the table.You place me in a very difficult position. 补充：补充：place n. 地方，职位，获奖的名次lay, place, put, set这些动词均有这些动词均有“放放”之意。之意。lay: 指小心地把人或物平放或横放，侧重动作安稳。指小心地把人或物平放或横放，侧重动作安稳。place: 较正式用词，指把某物放在一个正确的位置较正式用词，指把某物放在一个正确的位置上，侧重动作的正确。上，侧重动作的正确。pu
29、t: 普通用词，含义较广泛。指把人或物置于某处，普通用词，含义较广泛。指把人或物置于某处，并将其留在该处。并将其留在该处。set: 普通用词，指为了某种目的而将人或物放在一定普通用词，指为了某种目的而将人或物放在一定位置上。指物时多指立着放。位置上。指物时多指立着放。out of place 不在适当的位置；不恰当不在适当的位置；不恰当in the first place 首先，第一首先，第一in the next place 其次，第二点其次，第二点in place of. 代替代替take the place of. 代替，取代代替，取代take ones place 代替某人；就座；就位
30、代替某人；就座；就位take place 发生，举行发生，举行give place to 让位于，为让位于，为取代取代知识拓展(1)She likes everything to be _ before she starts work.她喜欢东西都摆好再开始工作她喜欢东西都摆好再开始工作。(2)Her dress was quite _ at the ceremony.在那个典礼上她的服装非常得体在那个典礼上她的服装非常得体。(3)I felt completely _ among all those smart rich people.在那些衣冠楚楚的富人中间在那些衣冠楚楚的富人中间，我觉得
31、自己完全格格不入我觉得自己完全格格不入。 (4)_ for the next dance.各就各位各就各位，准备跳下一个舞准备跳下一个舞。in placein placeout of placeTake your places小试身手pour vi. pour down (雨雨)倾盆而下倾盆而下;倾注；倾泻倾注；倾泻 & vt. 倒出；吐露倒出；吐露 pour out.(to sb.) (向某人向某人)吐露；倾诉吐露；倾诉Pour sb. sth= pour sth. for sb. 给某人倒给某人倒pour cold water on sb. 给某人泼冷水给某人泼冷水pour oil on
32、the fire 火上浇油；煽动火上浇油；煽动 有些学生常常向我们的心理老师吐露他们的烦恼。有些学生常常向我们的心理老师吐露他们的烦恼。Some students often pour_ their trouble _ our psychology teachers. 有些人总是爱给别人的计划泼冷水。有些人总是爱给别人的计划泼冷水。Some people are always_ others plan. pouring cold water on outto 语境理解：语境理解： Sit down and I will pour you a drink. 坐下来，我给你倒杯饮料。坐下来，我给你
33、倒杯饮料。 It never rains but it pours. 不下雨则已，一下雨就是倾盆大雨。不下雨则已，一下雨就是倾盆大雨。 Tears were pouring down her face. 眼泪顺着她的面颊簌簌地落下。眼泪顺着她的面颊簌簌地落下。 She poured out her feelings of loneliness to me when I went to visit her. 我去看望她的时候她向我倾吐了她的孤独感。我去看望她的时候她向我倾吐了她的孤独感。 The fans poured out of the stadium cheering wildly. 球迷
34、们欣喜若狂地从体育场中蜂拥而出。球迷们欣喜若狂地从体育场中蜂拥而出。12. treat v.治疗；对待；款待治疗；对待；款待; n.款待；招待款待；招待派生：派生：treatment n.治疗；处理；对待治疗；处理；对待treat . as/like. 把把待作待作/如如treat/entertain sb. to sth.请某人吃请某人吃It is my treat.我请客我请客Give a warm treat to sb. 热情招待某人热情招待某人 我要请你们每人吃个苹果。我要请你们每人吃个苹果。I will _ each of you_ an apple. 他们热情招待了这些农民。他们
35、热情招待了这些农民。They gave_to these farmers. treat toa warm treat 我妈妈总把我们当孩子看待。我妈妈总把我们当孩子看待。My mother always _ children. 这个男孩正在接受心脏病治疗。这个男孩正在接受心脏病治疗。This boy _ for a heart condition. is being treatedtreats us like/asmake no difference (to sb./sth.) 对某人对某人/物物 “没影响没影响/不重要不重要/不要紧不要紧”make some/a difference (to
36、 sb./sth.) 对某人对某人/物有些作用或影响物有些作用或影响tell the difference 分辨，区分，区别分辨，区分，区别13.make a difference区别对待；有影响；起区别对待；有影响；起(重要重要)作用作用海上的空气让她的健康状况大为改观。海上的空气让她的健康状况大为改观。The sea air has .这房间有没有花没什么区别。这房间有没有花没什么区别。Flowers this room.他走哪条路会有很大不同。他走哪条路会有很大不同。It which way he goes.这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分出谁是谁。这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分出谁是谁。Th
37、e twins are so alike；its difficult to .made a difference to her healthmake no difference tomakes a great differencetell the difference14. apply vt. 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用；有效申请；请求；使用；有效apply A to B 将将A应用到应用到Bapply to 适用于适用于apply to sb. /sth. for sth. 向某人向某人/某机构申请某物某机构申请某物make an applicati
38、on to sb.for sth.向某人申请某物向某人申请某物apply oneself to (doing) sth 专注于专注于 派生：派生：application n.应用程序，申请，申请书应用程序，申请，申请书练习：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。练习：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。 我们应当把理论运用到实践中去，要不然，这我们应当把理论运用到实践中去，要不然，这条理论是无用的。条理论是无用的。We should_，otherwise，it is no use.apply theory to practice 这项规则不是所有情况都使用。这项规则不是所有情况都使用。This rule doesn
39、t _ every case. 不要向经理申请这份工作，那工作太无聊了。不要向经理申请这份工作，那工作太无聊了。Dont_ the manager _ the job，because it is boring. apply to/make an application toapply tofor写一写：完成下列句子。写一写：完成下列句子。I (申请了申请了4所大学所大学) and was accepted by all of them.The questions on this part of the form (只适用于已婚男士只适用于已婚男士).He would do very well
40、.(只要他专心致志只要他专心致志).This new technology (已运用于农业已运用于农业).applied to four universitiesonly apply to married menif only he applied himself to ithas been applied to agriculture15. put ones hands on 找到；把某人的手放找到；把某人的手放在在上上运用：说出句中划线部分的意思。运用：说出句中划线部分的意思。 Keep everything right where one could put ones hands on
41、it. Once again the doctor put his hands on the mans eyes. 把手放在了这个人的眼睛上把手放在了这个人的眼睛上别人容易找到的地方别人容易找到的地方16. It keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing too much water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain; and it gives you your sense of touch. sense of touch 触觉 sense of sight 视觉 sens
42、e of hearing 听觉 sense of taste 味觉 sense of smell 嗅觉 sense of humour 幽默感 sense of beauty 美感 sense of direction 方向感 sense of urgency 紧迫感put pressure on sb.(to do sth.)对某人施加压力对某人施加压力 (迫使其做某事迫使其做某事)under pressure 在压力之下在压力之下 (液体或气体液体或气体)受压力受压力under the pressure of 在在的压力下的压力下high/low pressure 高高/低压低压17.pr
43、essure n.压力；压，按；压迫压力；压，按；压迫运用：完成下列句子。运用：完成下列句子。他目前是不是遭受到了工作的压力？他目前是不是遭受到了工作的压力？Is he suffering from ？这件事是在迫切需要的情况下做的。这件事是在迫切需要的情况下做的。It was done the necessity.他们生了双胞胎，不得不寻找一套较大的住房。他们生了双胞胎，不得不寻找一套较大的住房。The birth of twins_ to find a bigger flat.pressure of workunder the pressure ofput pressure on them
44、18. Examples include mild sunburns and burns caused by touching a hot pan, mild adj. 轻微的；温和的，柔和的The patient has a mild fever.病人发低烧了。病人发低烧了。He was given a mild punishment. 他被从轻发落。他被从轻发落。He has a mild nature. 他性格温和。他性格温和。19. unbearable adj. 难以忍受的；不能容忍的；难以忍受的；不能容忍的；eg: He doesnt want to learn English,
45、which is very unbearable. 他不想学英语，这一点不能容忍他不想学英语，这一点不能容忍.拓展：拓展： bearable adj. 可以忍受的；可以容忍的；可以忍受的；可以容忍的； bear v. 负担；容忍；忍受；生育；负担；容忍；忍受；生育；n. 熊；熊； bearin mind=keep in mind=learn by heart 记住；背会；记住；背会；20. a knowledge of 知道，了解，具有知道，了解，具有知识知识have no knowledge of 对对一无所知一无所知Within (ones) knowledge 在在所能了解的范围内所能了
46、解的范围内bring to sb.s knowledge 告诉某人告诉某人come to sb.s knowledge 被某人知道，为某人所熟悉被某人知道，为某人所熟悉to the best of my knowledge 就我所知就我所知运用：完成下列句子。运用：完成下列句子。(我听说我听说)that you have been spreading gossip(流言流言)about me. (据我所知据我所知)，he is honest and reliable.She married _ (父母都不知道父母都不知道).He has(英语很好英语很好).It has come to my
47、knowledgeTo the best of my knowledgewithout the knowledge of her parentsa good knowledge of English 21. A great/large/wide variety of . +复数复数/UN=various= varieties of “种种，各种各样的种种，各种各样的” Varieties of fishes are sold in the market.观察：观察：There was a considerable variety of opinion.有各种各样的看法。有各种各样的看法。A g
48、reat variety of books are provided to customers.给顾客提供了各种各样的书籍。给顾客提供了各种各样的书籍。The variety of goods in this shop is rich.这家商店的货物品种十分丰富这家商店的货物品种十分丰富A variety of 接名词，接名词，V与名词单复数一致与名词单复数一致The variety of 接名词，接名词，V始终用单数始终用单数 拓展：拓展： variety un.变化，多样化变化，多样化 cn. 品种品种 various adj. 各种各样的各种各样的 vary v. 不同，改变不同，改变
49、vary in 在某方面不同在某方面不同 vary fromto 从从到到不同不同 vary with/according to 随随变化而变化变化而变化These sweaters vary in size.Teaching methods vary greatly from school to school.The menu varies with season.His mood seems to vary according to the weather.22. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning cloth
50、es or severe petrol fires. electric adj. 电的，带电的，电动的，刺激的 The child likes electric toys. He bought an electric hair dryer for Mary. I got an electric shock from the wire电线电线. His speech had an electric effect on the audience. 拓展：拓展： electric shock 触电；电休克；触电；电休克； electrify vt. 通电；电气化；通电；电气化； electricit