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1、【精品文档】如有侵权,请联系网站删除,仅供学习与交流英语中what 和 how 引导的感叹句用法及练习题.精品文档.英语中what 和 how 引导的感叹句用法及练习题感叹句的定义:一般用来表示说话人说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感,是表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子。感叹句(exclamation 或Exclamatory sentences)有多种表现形式,有时一个单词、短语或一个词组也可成为感叹句。尽管感叹句的表现形式多种多样,但主要的表现形式只有两种,即what和how引导的感叹句。一、 what引导的感叹句:what意为多么用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,
2、复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。句子的结构形式为: what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语如(it is). 如: What a handsome boy he is! 多么帅气的小伙呀! What an interesting story it is! 多么有趣的故事呀! What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子呀! What beautiful girls they are! 多么漂亮的姑娘呀! What delicious food it is! 多么有味的食物呀! What heavy snow it is! 多么大的雪呀! what
3、 感叹句结构有三种: 1 What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语+谓语! 2 What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 + 主语+谓语! 3 What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主语+谓语! 例如: (1) What a great pity you missed the bus again!你又一次错过了公共汽车,真是太遗憾了! (2) What interesting books you bought us! 你给我们买的书真有趣! (3) What fine weather it is! 多么晴朗的天气呀!二、how引导的感叹句:how意为多么,用作状语,修饰
4、形容词或副词(被强调部分)。如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,句子的结构形式是: How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语如(it is). 如: How hot it is today! 今天多么热呀! How kind the boys are! 多么善良的小伙子呀! How happy they look! 他们显得多么高兴呀! How well she sings! 她唱得多好呀! How hard they are working now! 他们干得多么起劲呀! how 感叹句结构:1. How + 形容词 /副词+ 主语 +
5、谓语!2. How+形容词+a+名词+主语+谓语!例如: (1) How beautiful the flowers are! 这些花是多么美丽呀!(2) How heavily it is raining! 雨下得是多么大呀!(3) How beautiful a rose it is! 多么美丽的一朵玫瑰花呀!三、how 和 what 引导感叹句的区别how 在这里是一个副词,用来修饰形容词和副词;而 what 是用来修饰名词的, 所以即使是同样的句子, how 和 what 引导的句子结构是不一样的。请看下列例句: (1) 多美丽的一朵玫瑰花呀! How beautiful a rose
6、 it is! What a beautiful rose it is! (2) 多晴朗的天气呀! How sunny the weather is! What sunny weather it is! (3)这些学生是多么聪明呀! How clever the students are! What clever students they are!四、表示同一意义时,英语感叹既可用what引导,也可用how引导,即它们可以互相转换。如: What a hot day it is! How hot the day is ! 多么热的天气呀! What tall buildings they a
7、re! How tall the buildings are! 多么高的楼房呀! What bad weather it is! How bad the weather is! 多么糟糕的天气呀! What bright sunshine it is! How bright the sunshine is! 多么明亮的阳光呀! 五、表示激动强烈的感情时,口语中常采用省略句,感叹句其后面的主语和谓语常省略不讲。 如: What a fine day! 多么晴朗的天呀! What an honest boy! 多么诚实的孩子呀! What red apples! 多么红的苹果呀! How cool
8、! 好凉快呀! How wonderful! 精彩极了!Whatashame!多可耻啊!六、要修饰名词的形容词不能是表数量的many,much,little(少),few,此情况要用how,即使它们后面跟有名词,即:How+ many,much,few,little+ 名词+主语谓语!How few books she has!他有的书多么少啊! Howmanybookshehas!他的书真多!Howmuchmoneyhegaveher!他给了她好多钱呀HowlittlemoneyIhave!我的钱多么少呀!Howfewfriendshehas!他的朋友真少!比较:How little foo
9、d they have!他们的食物多么少啊!Whatalittleboxitis!多小巧的盒子呀!(该little不表示数量)七、其他形式的感叹句感叹句除用what和how引导外,还有其他许多形式,如可用陈述句、疑问句、祈使句等,甚至一个单词或一个短语也可用作感叹句:Stoptalking!不要讲话了!Isntitalovelyday!天气真好!Thegardenlookssolovelytoday!这花园今天真美!Fire!失火了!Verygood!很好!Hessuchaniceboy!TheGreatWallisamagnificentbuilding!Isntitsnowingheavi
10、ly!Wonderful!Nonsense!HappyNewYeartoyou!Cheer!No talking !八、这里介绍一种把陈述句变为感叹句的方法:“断加换”三步法,把一个陈述句变为感叹句:“一断”:在谓语动词后将此句断开。1)Thisisabeautifulgirl2)Thisgirlisbeautiful“二加”:在第二部分前加引导感叹句的“What或How”;注意这时中心词为名词则加“What”;是形容词、副词加“How”。如:1)Whatabeautifulflower2)Howbeautiful“三换位”:将第一部分与第二部分对换位置。1)Whatabeautifulflo
11、werthisis!2)Howbeautifulthisfloweris!一将下列句子变成感叹句1.Itisquiteanicepresent._nicepresent!2.Wehavefineweathertoday._weatherwehavetoday!3.Itssunnytoday._sunnydayitistoday!4.Thechildrenareworkinghard._thechildrenareworking!5.Sheplayedbasketballwonderfully._sheplayedbasketball!6.Tomcoughsbadly._coughTomhas!
12、7.Thefishisverylovely._thefishis!8.Theyliveahappylifetoday._lifetheylive!二选择合适选项1._anicewatchitis!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Howa2._brightgirlstheyare!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.howa3._interestingthefilmis!A.WhatB.WhatanC.How4._sunnyday!Letsgooutforawalk.A.HowaB.HowC.WhataD.What5._hardworkitis!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD
13、.Whatan6._dayitis!Itsrainyagain.A.HowbadB.WhatabadC.HowfineD.Whatafine7._greatdayJuly1,1997willbe!A.HowaB.WhataC.HowD.What8._expensivetrousers!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Whatan9._girlsheis!A.WhatbrightaB.HowabrightC.HowbrightaD.Whatbright10._weatherwehavetoday!A.AfineB.WhatafineC.HowafineD.Whatfine11._care
14、lessheis!A.WhatB.HowC.SomuchD.Howmuch12._fromBeijingtoLondon!A.HowlongwayitisB.WhatalongwayisitC.Howlongwayisit D.Whatalongwayitis13.Oh,John,_yougaveus!A.HowapleasantsurpriseB.HowpleasantsurpriseC.WhatapleasantsurpriseD.Whatpleasantsurprise14._usefulworktheyhavedone!A.WhatB.HowC.WhataD.Whatan15._nic
15、epictureyougaveme!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan三 填空题l. _hottheweatheris!2._hardheworks!3._niceteaitis!4. _bighorsestheyare!5. _agoodboyheis!四按要求改写下列句子。1 Lucy is a very clever girl. (用 what 改写为感叹句)2. Lily is a very beautiful girl. (用 how 改写为感叹句) 3 The books are very new. (用 what 改写为感叹句)4 The story is very interesting. (用 what 改写成感叹句)5 The book is very interesting. (用 how 改写成感叹句)第四题参考答案:1. What a clever girl Lucy is! 2. How beautiful a girl Lily is!同位语 3. What new books they are! 4. What an interesting story it is! 5. How interesting a book it is! (How interesting the book is!)