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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date初中英语语法一般过去时现在完成时讲解与练习专题经典练习7aU2一般现在时:动词原形,动词三单形式7a U7一般过去时时间标志，翻译成英文：昨天- 前天- 上星期- 上个月- 刚刚- 三天前- 在三岁时-注：1. 由yesterday构成2. 由 last 构成3. 由 时间段+ago构成1.动词原形变动词过去式：is,am- stop- say- are- try-
2、take- has/have- play- make-do/does- stay- listen-see- fix- watch-go- mend- open- 总结：一般情况下在动词原形后直接加_. 如: watch_. 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，_.如hope_, live_. 重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母，即“辅元辅” （w和y除外），_. 如stop_, drag_, drop_, plan_chat_, kid_, beg_, control_, admit_, prefer_, refer_, permit_, equip_等. 以“辅音字母y”结尾的动词变y为i, 再加
3、ed.如study_, worry_“直、去、双、改” 2.be(was were)动词的适当形式填空1. I _ an English teacher now.2. She _ happy yesterday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends.5. The little dog _ two years old this year.6. Look, there _ lots of grapes here.7. There _ a sign on the chair on M
4、onday.8. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. 3、用所给动词的适当形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday
5、? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning?She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.9. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday10. 10. We all _ (have) a good time last night.4. 句型转换。
6、1. Johnwentintotheclassroomjustnow.(改为否定句)John_intotheclassroomjustnow.2. Lucywashedherclothesyesterday.(改为一般疑问句)_Lucy_herclothesyesterday?3. Thechildrenwentbackhomeafterspendingafewhoursatcamps.(就划线部分提问)_thechildrengoback?4. Hefoundsomemeatinthefridge（冰箱）.（变一般疑问句)_he_meatinthefridge?5. Therewassome
7、orangeinthecup.（变一般疑问句)_there_orangeinthecup?6.Frankreadaninterestingbookabouthistory.（一般疑问句）_Frank_aninterestingbookabouthistory?7.Myfamilywenttothebeachlastweek.（划线提问）_family_lastweek?8. IthinksheisLilyssister.（否定句。注意否定转移）_10.Heisatall,thinboy.（划线提问）_he_?8a5 8a6现在完成时（have/has done ）1. 用法（1）现在完成时表示
8、过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义：郭子君现在在这儿) My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)（2） 现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived
9、 here since 1998.2. 标志词： * 以already, just和yet为标He hasnt come back yet.他还没有回来。* 以ever和never为标志He has never been to Beijing.他从没有到过北京。* 以动作发生的次数为标志He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。* 以so far（到目前为止）为标+beforeShe has passed the exam so far.到目前为止她已经通过了考试* for+时段 since+过去一个时间点（过去 从句）为
10、标志练习：for+时段since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从以来）since+时段+agosince+从句（过去时）1. 用since和for填空 1._two years 2._two years ago 3._last month 4._ 1999 5._yesterday 6._ 4 oclock 7 4 hours 8._an hour ago 9. _we were children 10._ lunch time 11._ she left here 12. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last. 13. Ive known
11、him _ we were children. 14. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years. 15. She has been away from the city _ about ten years. 16. Its about ten years _ she left the city.写出下列单词的过去分词形式 work _ finish _ arrive_ change_ see_ have_ marry_ visit_ miss_ prefer_ do_ hear_ live_ clean_ study_ meet_ be _
12、 climb_ plan_ take_ stop_ keep_ buy_ spend_ learn_ forget_ bring_ 2. 单项选择。( )1. We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . know . had known . have known . knew( )2. Harry Potter is a very nice film. I _ twice. will see . have seen . saw .see( )3. Zhou Lang _already _in this school for two years . wa
13、s ; studying . will ; study . has ; studied . are; studying( )4. His father _ the Party since 1998 .joined . has joined . was in . has been in( )5. Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . were . have been . have become . have made( )6. These farmers have been to the United St
14、ates .Really? When _ there ?. will they go .did they go . do they go . have they gone ( )7. Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . has begun . had begun . has been on . began( )8. Miss Green isnt in the office. She_ to the library.has gone . went .will go . has been( )9. My parents _ Shandong for te
15、n years. have been in . have been to. have gone to . have been( )10. _ you _ your homework yet ? Yes. I _ it a moment ago.Did; do; finished .Have; done; finished.Have; done; have finished . will; do; finish3. 用never, ever, already, yet, for, since填空1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea abou
16、t him.2. Jack has _ finished his homework _ an hour ago.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school _ ten years.4. “Have you _ seen the film?” “No, I have _ seen it.”5. “Has the bus left _?” “Yes, it has _ left.”5. have been to/ have gone to/ have been in 三种结构的区别 （1）have been to 去过某地(现已离开)，可以与ever, never,
17、 once, twice等连用。 （2）has gone to 去某地了，说话时某人已离开此地，在去某地的路上或已在某地，总之现在还未回来。此句型一般用于第三人称。 （3） have been in 表示已在某地呆了多久，若该地为小地方则用at。 翻译： 你以前去过北京吗？_ 吉姆已经去了伦敦。_ 格林一家在中国已经两年了。_ 单项选择 ( )1. I have _ Beijing three times. A. been to B. gone to C. been in D. been at ( )2.-Where is Mike? -He has _ London . A. been to
18、 B. gone to C. been in D. been at ( )3. Tony has never _ China. He looks forward to coming to China A. been to B. gone to C. been in D. been at ( )4.Lucy has _ China for 5 years. A. been to B. gone to C. been in D. been at ( )5.The teacher has _ the village to teach the poor students for 10 years. A
19、. been to B. gone to C. been in D. been at 4、用have/has been to/in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。1) Where is Jack? He _ his country. 2) David _ the park just now.3) John _ England since he came back. 4) How long _ have _ this village?5) The Smiths _ Beijing for years. 6) _ you ever _ America? - Yes, I _ th
20、ere many times.7) I _ this school since three years ago. 8) Where is Jim? He _ the farm.9) When_ he _? He _ an hour ago.10) Would you like to _ the zoo with me? -Yes, but I _ there before.11) Where _ you _ now? - I _ the zoo. 12) He often _ swimming.13) _ you _ there last year? 14) _ they often _ sk
21、ating in winter?5、用have/has been to/in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。1) Where is Jack? He _ his country. 2) David _ the park just now.3) John _ England since he came back. 4) How long _ have _ this village?5) The Smiths _ Beijing for years. 6) _ you ever _ America? - Yes, I _ there many times.7) I _ this
22、school since three years ago. 8) Where is Jim? He _ the farm.9) When_ he _? He _ an hour ago.10) Would you like to _ the zoo with me? -Yes, but I _ there before.11) Where _ you _ now? - I _ the zoo. 12) He often _ swimming.13) _ you _ there last year? 14) _ they often _ skating in winter?延续性动词与非延续性动
23、词之间的转换 The old man died 4 years ago.- The old man has been dead for 4 years. He joined the Party 2 years ago.- He has been in the Party for 2 years. I bought the book 5 days ago.- I have had the book for 5 days. leave - be away borrow - keep buy - have die - be dead begin/start - be on finish - be o
24、ver fall ill -be ill get up-be up catch a cold - have a cold put on wear come/become/go - be here fall asleep - be asleep get to/ arrive/reach - be (in) get to know - know join-be a member of . (成为的一员) open -be open close -be closed 6延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化1. Hedied10yearsago.He_for10years/since10yearsago.
25、2.Heborrowedthebook2weeksago.He_thebookfor2weeks.3. Heboughtthemotorbikeamonthago.He_themotorbikeforamonth.4. Hearrivedherethreedaysago.He_heresincethreedaysago.5. Theyturnedoffthelight2hoursago.Thelight_for2hours.6.Helefthere2yearsago.He_fromherefor2years.7. Thefilmbegan30minutesago.Thefilm_for30mi
26、nutes.8.Theyopenedthedooranhourago.Thedoor_foranhour.9.Theyclosedthedooranhourago.Thedoor_foranhour.10. Hejoinedthearmylastyear.He_a_forayear.He_thearmyforayear.It_ayear_hejoinedthearmy.5 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 现在完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去完成的动作。但现在完成时强调的是这一动作与现在的关系。如对现在产生的结果或影响等，而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生，不表示和现在的关系。试比较： I h
27、ave lost my new book. 我把新书丢了。（现在还未找到） I lost my new book yesterday. 我昨天把新书丢了。（现在找到与否没说明）7.用过去时或现在完成时填空：1. -“_ you _ (have) lunch ?” -“Yes.”-“When _ you _ (have) it?” -“I _ (have) it at 12:00.”2. -“_ you _ (write) a letter to your aunt yet?”-“Yes, I _. I _ (write) one last week.”3. - “_ he _ (finish)
28、 his homework?”-“Not yet.”4. “_ they ever _ (be) abroad?” -“Yes, just once.”5. Your father _ just _ (finish) his work.6. Your father _ (finish) his work just now.7. Last term I _ (learn) many English words.8. They _ (not read) the interesting books yet.9. He _ never _ (go) to the science museum.10. _ you ever _ (drink) coke?11.-Have you _ (buy) a dictionary? “- “Yes, I _ .”-“Where_ you _(buy) it?” -“ I _(buy) it in a bookstore.”-“When _ you _ (buy) it?” “ Yesterday.”-