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1、阅读下列句子，品味句式结构特别是黑体部分阅读下列句子，品味句式结构特别是黑体部分的变化的变化“I dont like computers, ” Sarah said to her friends. Sarah said to her friends that she didnt like computers. He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. 直接引语和间接引语变换口诀如下：直接引语和间接引语变换口诀如下：去掉引号加去掉引号加that，人称变化
2、要灵活；，人称变化要灵活；主从时态要一致，状语变化要明确；主从时态要一致，状语变化要明确；客观规律不用变，动词变化有一个。客观规律不用变，动词变化有一个。“I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary. ” Said Anne. Anne said that she didnt want to set down a series of facts in a diary. The teacher asked Mary she could tell him the general idea of the poem. A. thatB. w
3、hetherC. whatD. how【解析】【解析】选选B。直接引语若为一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，。直接引语若为一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，常用常用if或或whether来引导，且从句中用陈述句语序。来引导，且从句中用陈述句语序。These coats look very good. I wonder . A. how much cost they are B. how much do they cost C. how much they cost D. how much are they cost 【解析】【解析】选选C。直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语，常。直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为
4、间接引语，常用特殊疑问词加陈述句语序。结合用特殊疑问词加陈述句语序。结合sth. cost(s) sb. some money用法来确定选用法来确定选C。直接引语变间接引语的规律直接引语变间接引语的规律阅读下列句子，注意领会人称的变化阅读下列句子，注意领会人称的变化She said,“I have lost a pen. ”She said she had lost a pen. She said,“My brother wants to go with me. ” She said her brother wanted to go with her. He said to Kate, “Ho
5、w is your sister now? ”He asked Kate how her sister was then. I asked him, “Will you take a bus or take a train? ” I asked him whether he would take a bus or take a train. Mr. Smith said, “Jack is a good worker. ”Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker. 一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新1.“1.“一随主一随主”是指直接引
6、语变间接引语时，如果从句主语是是指直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰第一人称或被第一人称所修饰, , 从句人称要按照主句主语的从句人称要按照主句主语的人称变化。人称变化。 2.“2.“二随宾二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句主语及宾是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句主语及宾语是第二人称，或被第二人称所修饰，从句人称要跟引号外语是第二人称，或被第二人称所修饰，从句人称要跟引号外主句的宾语一致。主句的宾语一致。3.“3.“第三人称不更新第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句的是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰，主语及宾
7、语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰， 从句中的人称从句中的人称一般不需要变化。一般不需要变化。 直接引语变为间接引语，时态的变化。直接引语变为间接引语，时态的变化。把下列直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词把下列直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词“I never eat meat. ”he said. He said that he never ate meat. “Ive found my wallet. ”he said to me. He told me that he had found his wallet. “I took it home with me. ”she said. She said
8、 that she had took it home with her. He said，“You are sure to get a warm welcome there.”He said that we sure to get a warm welcome there.A.amB.wasC.wereD.are 【解析】【解析】选选C C。直接引语是一般现在时，变为间接引语时要变。直接引语是一般现在时，变为间接引语时要变为一般过去时。为一般过去时。She said that she her work the next day. A. will finishB. would finishC.
9、finishesD. finished 【解析】【解析】选选B。句意：她说她将在第二天完成工作。句意：她说她将在第二天完成工作。would为为will的过去式，表过去的将来。的过去式，表过去的将来。The teacher told us that light faster than sound. A. traveledB. had traveledC. is travelingD. travels【解析】【解析】选选D。句意：老师告诉我们光速比声速要快。句意：老师告诉我们光速比声速要快。that引引导宾语从句，从句内容为客观真理故谓语用一般现在时。导宾语从句，从句内容为客观真理故谓语用一般现在
10、时。My mother often says that she happy with us. A. isB. wasC. had beenD. would be【解析】【解析】选选A。当主句的谓语是一般现在时态时，从句中的。当主句的谓语是一般现在时态时，从句中的时态不变。故用时态不变。故用is。直接引语变为间接引语，时态变化如下直接引语变为间接引语，时态变化如下（1）上表用于主句谓语是过去时态时。）上表用于主句谓语是过去时态时。（2）当直接引语是客观事实、含具体的过去的时间状语、含）当直接引语是客观事实、含具体的过去的时间状语、含ought to, had better, used to, c
11、ould, should, would, might等等或主句谓语是现在或将来时态时，变间接引语不变时态。或主句谓语是现在或将来时态时，变间接引语不变时态。请指出间接引语句子中的错误并改正请指出间接引语句子中的错误并改正She said, “This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. ”She said that this was the house in which Lu Xun had once lived. 答案：答案：this that“I bought these flowers for you, ” Jane said. Jane s
12、aid that she had bought these flowers for me. 答案：答案：these thoseHe said, “I spoke to them yesterday. ” He said that he had spoken to them the day ago. 答案：答案：ago before“Come here, please, ” he said. He asked me to come there. 答案：答案：come goI asked him, “Will you stay at home tonight？”I asked whether he
13、 would stay at home this night. 答案：答案：this that. 请把间接引语中的句子补充完整请把间接引语中的句子补充完整1. Henry said，“I dont want to stay here.” Henry said that he didnt want to stay there2. My teacher asked me, “Do you like American country music? ” My teacher asked me if /whether I liked American country music. 3. “When di
14、d you go to bed last night? ”Father said to Peter. Father asked Peter when he had gone to bed the night before . 4. My father said，“I worked here twenty years ago” My father said that he had worked there twenty years before 5. The geography teacher said to us，“The earth turns around the sun” The geo
15、graphy teacher told us that the earth turns around the sun . 单项填空单项填空1. Tom told his teacher that he born in 1980. A. wasB. had beenC. isD. has been【解析】【解析】选选A。出生是客观事实，变为间接引语时时态不变。出生是客观事实，变为间接引语时时态不变。故选故选A。2. The child asked his mothergo out to play tennis. 2011潍坊高一检测潍坊高一检测A. that he couldB. if he c
16、ouldC. if could heD. that could be【解析】【解析】选选B。直接引语若为一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，。直接引语若为一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，常用常用if或或whether来引导，且从句中用陈述句语序。来引导，且从句中用陈述句语序。3. The teacher said the earth around the sun. A. is movingB. had moved C. moved D. moves 【解析】【解析】选选D。间接引语。间接引语the earth moves around the sun是一是一个客观事实，变为宾语从句时时态不变。个客观事实，
17、变为宾语从句时时态不变。4. Mike said he would come back to China. A. tomorrowB. next dayC. the next dayD. the day before【解析】【解析】选选C。直接引语变间接引语时。直接引语变间接引语时tomorrow 要改为要改为 the next day, yesterday要变成要变成the day before; 由由would可判断答可判断答案为案为C。5. My cousin told me that she for the United States the week . 2011临沂高一检测临沂高一
18、检测A. has left; ago B. had left; ago C. left; agoD. had left; before【解析】【解析】选选D。间接引语中应用。间接引语中应用before而不用而不用ago，由此可排，由此可排除除A、B、C三项。由于三项。由于“leave”发生在发生在“told”之前故应用过之前故应用过去完成时。去完成时。6. He said that he had there 10 minutes beforeAgoneBcomeCwentDgoing【解析】【解析】选选A。直接引语变间接引语时，从句中的谓语动词。直接引语变间接引语时，从句中的谓语动词come(
19、here)要改为要改为go(there)。7. I asked him he would stay at home or go out for hiking. A. thatB. whetherC. ifD. /【解析】【解析】选选B。直接引语如果是选择疑问句，变间接引语时。直接引语如果是选择疑问句，变间接引语时选择疑问句变为由选择疑问句变为由whether. . . or. . . 引导的宾语从句，而不用引导的宾语从句，而不用if. . . or. . . 引导宾语从句。该句直接引语为：引导宾语从句。该句直接引语为：I asked him, “Will you stay at home or
20、 go out for hiking? ” 8. She said was the best present she had ever received. A. thatB. thisC. oneD. whether【解析】【解析】选选A。直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词。直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词this要改为要改为that。9. The old man asked me with my bike. A. what the matter is B. what the matter was C. whats the matter D. what was the matter【解析】【解析】选选D。Whats the matter with sb. ? 某人怎么了？本某人怎么了？本身就是陈述句语序。主句时态为过去时，故从句也应用过去身就是陈述句语序。主句时态为过去时，故从句也应用过去时。时。10. She said,“English is my favorite subject.”She said that English was favorite subjectA.myB.aC.hisD.her【解析】【解析】选选D。考查直接引语变为间接引语后人称的变化。考查直接引语变为间接引语后人称的变化。本题应把本题应把my变为变为her，与主语，与主语she保持一致。保持一致。