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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date大一期末考试卷子 教师使用答案大一期末考试卷子 教师使用答案1.英汉互译Text 1If you are in a hurry and you want to have a quick meal, there is no better place than a self-service restaurant（自助餐）. You go into the restaura
2、nt, pick up a tray, knife, fork, and spoon and queue at a counter where the food is on display. You pick out what you want and put it on your tray, which you have to push along a special rack till you reach the cashier. The cashier will give you your bill（收银员会给你账单）. After paying（付完钱后）, you take your
3、 tray to any table you like. You can sit alone or with another customer（你可以单独坐下来）. You can have a good meal in ten minutes. And as there is no waiter, you dont have to give a tip（因为这里没有服务员，所以你不用付小费）.Text 2MR ROSS: May I see a hat, please（请问，我可以看一下帽子吗）?SALESMAN: What size do you take?（您戴多大号的帽子呢？）MR R
4、OSS: Im sorry. I dont know.SALESMAN: Ill measure you（我帮您量一下） you take size 6. What colour hat would you like?MR ROSS: Brown, please.SALESMAN: Here are some nice brown hats. Try this hat on（试一下这顶帽子）. Its a very good one.MR ROSS: Yes, I like this one. It goes very well with my coat（它和我的外套很相配）. How muc
5、h is it?SALESMAN: Its $9.95(nine dollars and ninety-five cents). Do you want me to put it in a box? Text 3Peter and Marry are talking about their plans for the summer. Mary is going to work in the city, but Peter is going to go to camp. Mary thinks that their friend John is going to the mountains wi
6、th his family.PETER: What are you going to do after you return from Washington（回到华盛顿之后你将会做什么呢）?MARY: Im going to stay in the city.PETER: What will you do all day?MARY: Im going to work with my father at the store（我将会在商店里和爸爸一起工作）. In the evening, Ill read books. On weekends, Ill go to the beach with
7、my family（周末我会和家人去海滩）. PETER: Have you ever worked（你以前工作过吗）?MARY: No, but I can learn. What are you going to do this summer?PETER: Im going to camp. Ive gone to camp for four summers.MARY: Ive never gone to camp（我从来没有去野营过）. What do you do there?PETER: We do many things. In the morning, we play baske
8、tball or tennis. We sit around a campfire at night. We sing or tell stories.MARY: That sounds wonderful.PETER: It is wonderful. Whats John going to do this summer?MARY: I think hes going to the mountains with his parents.PETER: Well, so long, Mary. Have fun. MARY: You too, Peter. Give mu regards to
9、John. Ill see you in September.Text 4One night there was a heavy snowstorm（一天晚上下了一场暴风雪）, and in the morning Mr Smiths garden was full of deep snow. Mr Smith wanted to take his car out , so he paid a man to clean the path from his garage to his gate（史密斯先生想把车拿出来，所以他付钱请了一个人帮他清理从车库到大门的过道）. He said to th
10、is man, “Dont throw any snow on that side, because it will damage the bushes in my garden(不要把雪扔到那边，会损坏花园中的灌木); and dont throw any snow into the street, or the police will be angry（不要把雪扔到街上，警察会生气）.” Then Mr Smith went out.When he came back, the path was clean and the snow from it was not on the bushe
11、s, or the fence, or the street. Mr Smith was very pleased（史密斯先生非常满意）-until he opened the garage to get his car out! The garage was full to the top with all the snow from the path, and his car was somewhere under it all!Text 5Robert and Peter are talking about the end of the school term. Robert is go
12、ing to leave school and start work, but Peter is going to stay at school.PETER: Are you going to leave school at the end of the term?ROBERT: Yes, I am.PETER: What are you going to do（你将会做什么工作呢）?ROBERT: Im going to be a clerk.PETER: What are you going to do?ROBERT: Im going to be a clerk.PETER: What
13、does a clerk do（职员是做什么的呢）?ROBERT: He works in an office. He writes letters and reports, and he types.（他在办公室工作，写信件和报告，而且他还打字）PETER: I want to be a vet.ROBERT: Awhat?PETER: A veta veterinary surgeon.（一个兽医，一个兽医外科医生）ROBERT: Good gracious！Whats that?PETER: A vets a man who takes care of sick animals（兽医就是
14、照看生病动物的人）. Hes an animal doctor.ROBERT: I once read a story about a person who talked to animals. It was very interesting.Text 6Rose left school when she was seventeen and went to a college for a year to learn to type. She passed her examinations quite well and then went to look for work. She was st
15、ill living with her parents.（她仍然和父母住在一起）A lot of people were looking for typists at that time, so it was not difficult to find interesting work（在那时许多人都在招打字员的工作，所以找到一个有趣的工作并不难）. Rose went to several offices, and then chose one of them. It was near her parents house. She thought, “Ill walk there every
16、 morning. I wont need to go by bus.（我每天早晨会步行上班，我不需要乘坐公交车）”She went to the office again and said to the manager, “I want to work here, but what will you pay me（我想在这里工作，你会付我多少工资呢）?”“Well pay you 27 pounds now,” the manager answered（经理回答）, “and 30 pounds after three months.”Rose thought for a few secon
17、ds before she answered. Then she said, “All right, then Ill start in three months time.”2.问答题Question 1：How far do you intend to go with this organization?Question 2：How do you cope with disappointment?阅读：20Now let us look at how we read. When we read a printed text, our eyes move across a page in s
18、hort, jerky movement. We recognize words usually when our eyes are still when they fixate. Each time they fixate, we see a group of words. This is known as the recognition span or the visual span. The length of time ofr which the eyes stop -the duration of the fixation -varies considerably from pers
19、on to person. It also vaies within any one person according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text. Furthermore, it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tiredness.Unfortunately, in the past, many reading improvement courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes m
20、ove across the printed page. As a result of this misleading emphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading, numerous exercises have been devised to train the eyes to see more words at one fixation. For instance, in some exercises, words are flashed on to a screen for, say, a tenth or a twentieth o
21、f a second. One of the exercises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point, taking in the words on either side. Such word patterns are often constructed in the shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive fixation. All these exercis
22、es are very clever, but its one thing to improve a persons ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently. Reading requires the ability to understand the relationship between words. Consequently, for these reasons, many experts have now begun to questi
23、on the usefulness of eye training, especially since any approach whichtrains a person to read isolated words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him in reading a continuous text.Q:1. The time of the recognition span can be affected by the following facts except _ .A. ones familiarity with the te
24、xtB. ones purpose in readingC. the length of a group of wordsD. lighting and tiredness2. The author may believe that reading _.A. requires a reader to take in more words at each fixationB. requires a reader to see words more quicklyC. demands an deeply-participating mindD. demands more mind than eye
25、s3 What does the author mean by saying “but its one thing to improve a persons ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently.” in the second parapraph?A. The ability to see words is not needed when an efficient reading is conducted.B. The reading exer
26、cises mentioned cant help to improve both the ability to see and to comprehend words.C. The reading exercises mentioned cant help to improve an efficient reading.D. The reading exercises mentioned has done a great job to improve ones ability to see words.4. Which of the following is NOT true?A. The
27、visual span is a word or a group of words we see each time.B. Many experts began to question the efficiency of eye training.C. The emphasis on the purely visual aspects is misleading.D.The eye training will help readers in reading a continuous text.5. The tune of the author in writing this article i
28、s _A criticalB neutralC pessimisticD optimistic【答案及详解】答案：CCCDAGlobal warming is causing more than 300,000 deaths and about $125 billion in economic losses each year, according to a report by the Global Humanitarian Forum, an organization led by Annan, the former United Nations secretary general.The
29、report, to be released Friday, analyzed data and existing studies of health, disaster, population and economic trends. It found that human-influenced climate change was raising the global death rates from illnesses including malnutrition (营养不良) and heat-related health problems.But even before its re
30、lease, the report drew criticism from some experts on climate and risk, who questioned its methods and conclusions.Along with the deaths, the report said that the lives of 325 million people, primarily in poor countries, were being seriously affected by climate change. It projected that the number w
31、ould double by 2030.Roger Pielke Jr., a political scientist at the University of Colorado, Boulder, who studies disaster trends, said the Forums report was a methodological embarrassment because there was no way to distinguish deaths or economic losses related to human-driven global warming amid the
32、 much larger losses resulting from the growth in populations and economic development in vulnerable (易受伤害的) regions. Dr. Pielke said that “climate change is an important problem requiring our utmost attention.” But the report, he said, will harm the cause for action on both climate change and disast
33、ers because it is so deeply flawed (有瑕疵的).However, Soren Andreasen, a social scientist at Dalberg Global Development Partners who supervised the writing of the report, defended it, saying that it was clear that the numbers were rough estimates. He said the report was aimed at world leaders, who will
34、 meet in Copenhagen in December to negotiate a new international climate treaty.In a press release describing the report, Mr. Annan stressed the need for the negotiations to focus on increasing the flow of money from rich to poor regions to help reduce their vulnerability to climate hazards while st
35、ill curbing the emissions of the heat-trapping gases. More than 90% of the human and economic losses from climate change are occurring in poor countries, according to the report.6.What is the finding of the Global Humanitarian Forum?A)Global temperatures affect the rate of economic development.B)Rat
36、es of death from illnesses have risen due to global warming.C)Malnutrition has caused serious health problems in poor countries.D)Economic trends have to do with population and natural disasters.7.What do we learn about the Forums report from the passage?A)It was challenged by some climate and risk
37、experts.B)It aroused a lot of interest in the scientific circles.C)It was warmly received by environmentalists.D)It caused a big stir in developing countries.8.What does Dr. Pielke say about the Forums report?A)Its statistics look embarrassing.C) It deserves our closest attention.B)It is invalid in
38、terms of methodology. D) Its conclusion is purposely exaggerated.9.What is Soren Andreasens view of the report?A)Its conclusions are based on carefully collected data.B)It is vulnerable to criticism if the statistics are closely examined.C)It will give rise to heated discussions at the Copenhagen co
39、nference.D)Its rough estimates are meant to draw the attention of world leaders.10.What does Kofi Annan say should be the focus of the Copenhagen conference?A)How rich and poor regions can share responsibility in curbing global warming.B)How human and economic losses from climate change can be reduced.C)How emissions of heat-trapping gases can be reduced on a global scale.D)How rich countries can better help poor regions reduce climate hazards.答案:BABDD-