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1、虚拟语气,概念：虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种愿望、假设、或推测。,一、虚拟语气在if非真实条件句中,过去式be-were,should/would/could/might+do,haddone,should/would/could/might+havedone,过去式（be-were）shoulddoweretodo,should/would/could/might+do,Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.（过去虚拟）,1.如果我是你，我会接受他的建议（现在虚拟）,2.如果明天下雨，我会待在家里。（将来虚拟）
2、,3.如果你以前好好学习，你会通过考试的。,IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisadvice.,Ifitrained（shouldrain/weretorain）tomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.,Youdidntletmedrive.Ifwe_inturn,you_sotired.drove;didntgetdrove;wouldntgetweredriving;wouldntgethaddriven;wouldnthavegot,1.if从句中，省略if，were，had，should可以放在句首，（用于倒装结构），否定词not不能放在前面。,1.IfIw
3、ereyou,Iwouldaccepthisadvice.,2.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.,3.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.,Hadyoustudiedhardbefore,WereIyou,Shoulditraintomorrow,.,_itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangPuBridge.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will,Ifitshouldraintomorrow(省略if，用
4、部分倒装）,2.错综时间虚拟语气当从句与主句时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。Ifyou_(follow)myadvicejustnow,you_(be)betternow.Ifyou_(study)hardbefore,you_(be)acollegestudentnow.,hadfollowed,wouldbe,hadstudied,wouldbe,Ifyou_withGeorgeearlier,you_soangrynow.talked;wouldnotbehadtalked;wouldnotbewouldtalk;wouldnotbehadtalked;wou
5、ldnothavebeen,Ifwehadtakensucheffectivemeasuresmuchearlier,theriver_soseriouslynow.isnotpollutedwouldnotbepollutedhadnotbeenpollutedwouldnothavebeenpolluted,3、含蓄虚拟语气在虚拟语气中，并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其它手段来代替条件句。常用的有otherwise，or，without，butfor（倘没有，要不是）等。,1.Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesport
6、smeeting.=IfIhadntbeenillthatday,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.,2.Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.,3.Without/Butforyourhelp,wecouldnthavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.=Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,Withoutelectricity,humanbeinglife_quitedifferenttoday.iswillbewo
7、uldhavebeenwouldbe,Butforhishelp,I_.shouldnothavesucceededhavenotsucceededdidnotsucceedhadnotsucceeded,Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe_agoal.hadscoredscoredwouldscorewouldhavescored,Itisstrangethat_.他居然会这样说，真是奇怪。Itisnecessarythat_.有必要派他去北京。,二、虚拟语气在主语从句中的使用1，Itsnecessary/strange
8、/natural/important/impossiblethat主语+(should)+动词原形,he(should)sayso,hebesenttoBeijing,2.Itisapity/ashame/asurprise/nowonderthat主语+(should)+V原形,Itisagreatpitythat_.他居然会这样想，真是一件憾事。,he(should)thinkso,3.Itis/wassuggested/ordered/demanded/proposed/（1234）+that+主语+(should)+V原形Itssuggestedthattheplanshouldbec
9、arriedout.Itissuggestedthat_.有人建议，晚会周六举行。,theparty（should）be,heldonSaturday,一个坚持insisted,两道命令ordered,commanded,三条建议advised,suggested,proposed,四点要求demanded,required,requested,desired,Itisrequiredthatyou_atsix.willarriveB.arriveC.arrivedD.wouldarrive2.Itisstrangethatthelazyboy_passtheexam.A.hasB.shoul
10、dC.wouldD.might,3.Itisnecessarythatourdrinkingwater_cleaner.A.shouldbemadeB.ismadeC.wouldbemadeD.wasmade,三.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用1.在wish引导的宾语从句中,过去时（were）,过去完成时、had+donecouldhavedone,Should/would/could/might+动词原形,Iwish(that)he_(visit)ustomorrow.Iwish(that)he_(visit)ustoday.Iwishhe_(visit)usyesterday.,wouldvi
11、sit,visited,hadvisited,IwishI_themeetinglastweek.A.couldattendB.attendedC.haveattendedD.hadattended,2.在表示坚持，要求,命令,建议的宾语从句中,一个坚持_两个命令_三个建议_四个要求_,+that主语+（should）+V原形Thedoctorsuggestedthathe(should)try（try）tolosehisweight.Heinsistedthatwe(should)tell（tell）himthenews.,insist,order,command,advise,sugges
12、t,propose,demand,require,request,desire,注意：suggest:表明，暗示陈述语气建议虚拟语气Herpalefacesuggestedthatshe_（be)ill.Herfriendssuggestedthatshe_(send)tohospitalimmediately.Insist：坚持说，陈述语气坚持要求虚拟语气Heinsistedthathe_(notsteal)themoney.Heinsistedthathe_(set)free.,was,(should)besent,hadntstolen,(should)beset,3.在wouldrat
13、her宁愿wouldpreferwouldsooner+宾语从句中hadratherwouldassoon与现在或将来事实相反过去时动词过去式/were与过去事实相反过去完成时haddoneIwouldratheryou_(come)herenow.Iwouldratheryou_(come)heretomorrow.Iwouldratheryou_(nottell)methetruthyesterday.,came,hadnttold,came,四、虚拟语气的其他用法1.asif/asthough（好像）+从句(与wish一样)ifonly(要是就好了）,IfonlyI_(be)abirdI
14、fonlyyou_（listen)toouradvice!IfonlyI_（be）asuperstarsomeday.Helooksasifhe_anartist.Hetalkedabouttheaccidentasifhe_it.,were,hadlistened,wouldbe,were,hadseen,2.Itis(high/about)time+(that)从句动词过去式should（不可省略）+do该是某人做某事的时候了。Itishightimethatyougotup/shouldgetup.,Imgettingtired;itstimewe_home.A.goB.aregoing
15、C.wentD.shouldbegoing,3、在forfearthat,incase,lest引导的从句中，若用虚拟语气时，从句谓语为：（should）+do。并且should能省略（forfearthat，lest），incase不能省略Sheexaminedthedooragainforfearthatathief_(come)in.她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入。Hestartedoutearlierlesthe_(be)late.他早早的就出发了以防迟到。,(should)come,(should)be,4、在sothat/inorderthat所引导的目的状语从句中，从句中的谓
16、语为：may(might)can(could)+doshouldHegoesclosertothespeakersothathe_himclearer.(hear)他走近说话的人以便能听得更清楚。Hereadthelettercarefullyinorderthathe_aword.(miss)他把信读得很仔细以便不漏掉一个字。,canhear,shouldnotmiss,5.用于“May+主语+动词原形+其他”Mayyouhavealongandhappylife！祝您快乐长寿！Mayyoumakegreaterprogress!祝你取得更大进步！6.supposing/providing假如，如果evenif/eventhrough即使的虚拟与if相同,7.情态动词+havedone(1)could/mighthavedone表示过去本来可以(能够)做某事，但实际上没有做到。,(2)should(oughtto)havedone“本应该”，表示过去应该做而没做(3)neednthavedone必要做某事，但实际做了,8.(1234)名词后定语从句-陈述语气同位、表语从句虚拟语气,结束啦！,