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1、2019年高考英语全国III卷真题解析试卷导航语篇话题体裁词数难度阅读理解A人与社会：演出介绍应用文186+68=254易阅读理解B人与社会：中国文化及中国美学对国际时尚的影响议论文 283+118=401中阅读理解C人与社会：大众报纸的产生说明文297+99=396中阅读理解D人与自然：一项科学研究猴子会算数说明文314+114=428难阅读七选五人与社会：在线课堂沟通方法 说明文201+ 62 =263中完形填空人与自然：挪威山谷小镇Rjukan迎来冬日第一束阳光记叙文256中语法填空人与社会：游玩经历记叙文182中短文改错人与自我：开咖啡馆的梦想记叙文108中书面表达人与社会：邀请英国朋
2、友参加音乐节应用文100 (左右)中试题解读第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AOPENINGS AND PREVIEWSAnimals out of paperYolo! Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami (折纸术) artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her st
3、udio. Merri Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb. 12. (West Park Presbyterian Church, 165 W. 86th St. 212-868-4444.)The AudienceHelen Mirren stars in the play by peter Morgan, about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Steph
4、en Daldry directs. Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb. 14. (Schoenfeld, 236 W. 45th St. 212-239-6200.)HamiltonLin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton, in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews.
5、 Opens Feb. 17. (Public, 425 Lafayette St. 212-967-7555.)On the Twentieth CenturyKristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green, about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie stars love during a cross-country train journey. Scott Ellis directs,
6、 for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb. 12. (American Airlines Theatre, 227 W. 42nd St. 212-719-1300.)21. What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about?A. A type of art.B. A teenagers studio.C. A great teacher. D. A group of animals.22. Who is the director of The Audience?A. Helen Mir
7、ren.B. Peter Morgan.C. Dylan Baker.D. Stephen Daldry.23. Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history?A. Animals Out of Paper.B. The Audience.C. Hamilton.D. On the Twentieth Century.语篇解读关键词opening, preview主旨概要本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四场演出的主要内容，导演，时间和地点。百科知识The Audience：女王召见是史蒂芬戴德利执导，海伦米伦主演
8、的戏剧电影。皇室与政府之间一直保持着被称作“相约星期二”的密谈，但谈话内容始终秘而不宣，影片对女王与12位首相之间的密谈进行了想象性的呈现。Hamilton：美国知名音乐剧汉密尔顿严格遵照历史，讲述汉密尔顿政治生涯中的几件大事。亚历山大汉密尔顿（Alexander Hamilton，1757年1月11日 - 1804年7月12日）是美国的开国元勋之一，也是美国的第一任财政部长。Broadway：百老汇是纽约曼哈顿区一条大街的名称，现已成为美国戏剧活动的代名词。原文出处Hamilton 部分的出处：https:/ v上演 (熟词生义：基本义 “呈上”，把影片呈现在大众面前，即为“上演”) ；st
9、udio n工作室；preview v预演，预告片； direct v导演； immigrant n移民; musical n音乐剧；producer n制片人；cross-country adj 跨国的重难点词块star in 主演; private meetings 私人会晤；musical comedy 音乐喜剧；in the course of 在期间； be presented as 以呈现长难句分析Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton, in which the birth of America
10、 is presented as an immigrant story. 句意为：林曼努尔米兰达写了这部关于亚历山大汉密尔顿的音乐剧，该剧通过一个移民故事展现了美国的诞生。in which 是非限制性定语从句，修饰this musical。答案与解析21. A 事实细节题 根据Animals out of paper及其中的第二句Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami artist invites a teenage talent and his teache
11、r into her studio. 和小标题 Animals out of paper可知，这个戏剧的内容是一种折纸艺术。22. D 事实细节题 根据The Audience中第二句Stephen Daldry directs.可知答案。23. C 事实细节题 根据Hamilton中第一句Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton, in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story. 可知，音乐剧Hamilton通过一个美国移民故事
12、展示了美国的诞生。BFor Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.“Its no secret that China has always been a source (来源) of inspiration for designers,” says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of t
13、he biggest fashion (时尚) shows.Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics (美学) on Western fashion and how China ha
14、s fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.“China is impossible to overlook,” says Hill. “Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world
15、, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion they are central to its movement.” Of course, not only are todays top Western designers being influenced by China some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese. “Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking o
16、n Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs and beating them hands down in design and sales,” adds Hill.For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. “The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers,” she says. “China is no lo
17、nger just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.”24. What can we learn about the exh
18、ibition in New York? A. It promoted the sales of artworks. B. It attracted a large number of visitors.C. It showed ancient Chinese clothes. D. It aimed to introduce Chinese models.25. What does Hill say about Chinese women? A. They are setting the fashion. B. They start many fashion campaigns.C. The
19、y admire super models. D. They do business all over the world.26. What do the underlined words “taking on” in paragraph 4 mean?A. learning from B. looking down onC. working withD. competing against27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Young Models Selling Dreams to the WorldB. A Chinese A
20、rt Exhibition Held in New YorkC. Differences Between Eastern and Western AestheticsD. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends语篇解读关键词Chinese Culture, fuel the fashion主旨概要本文是一篇议论文，论述了中国文化及中国美学对国际时尚的影响，展现了中国对国际时尚和设计发展的引领作用。百科知识A+E Networks：美国A+E电视网公司，由赫斯特集团 (Hearst) 和迪士尼美国广播公司 (Disney) 于19
21、84年在纽约合资成立。Amanda Hill：美国A+E电视网公司的首席创意官 (chief creative officer) 。Vera Wang：王薇薇，著名华裔设计师，Vera Wang婚纱有限公司创始人，号称“婚纱女王”。Alexander Wang：王大仁，纽约最红最年轻的华裔设计师，多次获得时装界大奖，拥有自己的时装品牌Alexander Wang。Jason Wu：吴季刚，著名纽约华裔设计师，创立了自己的服装品牌Jason Wu。Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs均为时尚品牌。原文出处选自美国杂志福布斯ForbesCustom网站，2015年12月14日名
22、为Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends的文章。https:/ n 灵感; creative n创意；home n 发源地; alongside prep 与一起；explore vt 探索; fuel vt 熟词生义 刺激，加强; attendance n出席人数 (attend + -ance构成名词)；mean vt 意味着；breathtaking adj 令人惊叹的；acknowledge vt 较正式 承认；promote vt 促进；trend n 潮流重难点词块its no secret (that) 不算什么秘
23、密；with the aim of 旨在 / 目的是；record attendance 创纪录的出席人数；take on 与较量；beat sb hands down 不费力打败某人；no longer 不再；in many senses 从很多意义上来讲；in many ways 在很多方面；aim to do sth 旨在做某事；set the fashion 开创 / 引领时尚；compete against 与竞争长难句分析 the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of
24、 China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. 句意为：在纽约举办的China Through A Looking Glass展览展出了140件以中国为灵感的时尚服装和中国艺术品，这个展览旨在探索中国美学对西方时
25、尚的影响，以及几个世纪以来中国是如何刺激时尚想象力的。Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion they are central to its movement. 句意为：中国模特是美丽和时尚运动的代表，她们向全世界的女性推销梦想，这意味着中国女性不仅仅是时尚的消费者，她们也是时尚运动的核心。which引导
26、非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的句子。 not only are todays top Western designers being influenced by China some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese. 不仅是西方顶级的设计师正被中国影响着 一些当代最好的设计师自己就是中国人。not only置于句首，连接两个并列分句时，not only所在的句子要用部分倒装语序。写作句型Its no secret that China has always been a source of
27、inspiration for designers it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion.答案与解析24. B 推理判断题 根据The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.可知，这次展览参观人数创造了纪录。故选B项，展览吸引了大量参观者。25. A 推理判断题 根据第四段第二句 Chinese women are
28、not just consumers of fashion they are central to its movement可知，Hill认为中国女性不仅仅是时尚的消费者，她们也是时尚运动中的核心。故选A项，她们正在开创时尚。26. D 词义猜测题 根据第四段最后一句 beating them hands down in design and sales可知，Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu这些人在设计和销售方面毫不费劲地打败了传统时尚大牌。故选D项。27. D 主旨大意题 本文通过Amanda Hill的评论，论述了中国文化、中国艺术、中国设计师等等在国
29、际时尚中发挥着非常重要的作用。因此，“中国文化刺激着国际时尚的发展和潮流”最能概括文章大意。CBefore the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were r
30、ead almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.The trend, then, was toward the “penny p
31、aper” a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible (but not easy) to buy single
32、copies of newspapers before 1830, but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printers office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies was seld
33、om a penny usually two or three cents was charged and some of the older well-known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase “penny paper” caught the publics fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.This new trend of newspapers for “the man on the street” di
34、d not begin well. Some of the early ventures (企业) were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.28. Which of the following best des
35、cribes newspapers in America before the 1830s?A. Academic. B. Unattractive. C. Inexpensive. D. Confidential.29. What did street sales mean to newspapers?A. They would be priced higher.B. They would disappear from cities.C. They could have more readers.D. They could regain public trust.30. Who were t
36、he newspapers of the new trend targeted at?A. Local politicians. B. Common people.C. Young publishers. D. Rich businessmen.31. What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?A. It was a difficult process.B. It was a temporary success.C. It was a robbery of the poor.D. It was a disaster for print
37、ers.语篇解读关键词new trend of newspapers, penny paper, street sales主旨概要本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了随着人类社会的发展，报纸从最初的小众消费品发展成为人人都能“读得起”的大众读物的发展过程。百科知识便士报又称美分报，19世纪30年代由纽约太阳报带头兴起于美国，它以货币的最小单位为报纸的售价，每份报纸只卖一便士，而此前纽约所有报纸的单份售价都在6美分左右。19世纪30年代，随着美国“杰克逊时代”的到来，美国的新闻业发生了天翻地覆的变化，其中最为突出的就是新兴报刊 便士报的出现，掀起了平等主义时代美国新闻业的革命。便士报作为与传统精英报纸截
38、然不同的新颖报纸，其自身特点使其迅速融入民众生活。便士报的兴起给美国社会带来深远影响，推动了技术的运用革新，使媒体深入到日常生活中，更重要的是，便士报确立了报纸“第四权力”的地位，使其成为具有广泛影响力的一只独立力量。原文出处本文节选自图书The Golden Age of The Newspaper的部分内容。语言知识重难点词forbidding adj 令人生畏的；accordingly adv 相应地，因此；term n 词语，术语；overnight adv 突然，一夜之间；purchase 正式用语 v 购买；copy n (书、报纸等的) 一本，一册，一份；commonplace
39、adj 普遍的；daring adj 勇敢的，大胆的；price v 给定价重难点词块annual subscriptions 年度订阅；appeal to 对有吸引力；a mass audience 大众；refer to 指的是；available to sb 某人可得到的；catch sbs fancy 引起某人的兴趣；get the ball rolling 开始某事长难句分析In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. 句意为：此外，大多数报纸中很少有能吸引大
40、众的内容。that引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词little。The trend, then, was toward the “penny paper” a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. 句意为：当时的趋势是“便士报” 一个术语，指广泛向公众提供的报纸。破折号后的部分对“penny paper”进行解释说明。referring to 作后置定语修饰a term，其中made widely 作papers的后置定语。写作句型It took a few youthful and daring busines
41、smen to get the ball rolling.答案与解析28. B 事实细节题 根据第一段第四句和第五句In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding.可知，当时的报纸并不吸引人。unattractive可同义异构为文中的dull and visually forbidding。29. C 推理判断题 根据第二段和第三段可知，penny paper的出现，使得普通大众也可以买得起报纸
42、，更重要的是可以在街上买到一份报纸。因为在1830年以前，买一份报纸虽然是可能的，但要专门跑到印刷厂，可见很不方便。因此street sales (街头销售) 的出现方便了更广大的读者，而从within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities.进一步印证了street sales的出现使得报纸有了更多的受众。30. B 推理判断题 根据第一段的at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordi
43、ngly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades.和第三段street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities以及But the phrase “penny paper” caught the publics fancy可知，新趋势下，报纸的目标受众是普通大众。31. A 推理判断题 通读全文，尤其是通过第三段的第二句以及第四段可知，“便士报”的诞生并不容易。DMonkeys seem to have a w
44、ay with numbers.A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined or added the symbols to get the reward.Heres ho
45、w Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7
46、would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers 17 in this example.After running h
47、undreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination.When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate (低估) a sum compared with a single symbol w