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1、学习必备欢迎下载课题预学定语从句课次8 教学目标知识目标：学习定语从句的分类及连接词。能力目标：要求学生能通过语境正确选择连接词。情感目标：提高学生的学习兴趣及应试自信心。教学策略1. 针对中考考纲考点，给学生梳理出相应的考点，并通过讲练结合让学生巩固。2. 学生自我总结与教师提醒相结合。定语从句定语从句的关系代词有whose的用法whose 可以指人也可以指物。在定语从句中做定语 。e.g. Do you know the girl whose French is excellent? 你认识那个法语非常厉害的女孩吗？He is the man whose car was stolen la
2、st night. 这就是昨晚车被盗的那个男子。一、定语从句的注意事项1. 用 that 不宜用 which 的情况that 和 which 指物，在定语从句中可以做主语或者宾语，作宾语时均可省略。通常情况下， 可互换使用。但有时 that 和 which 却不宜互换。（1）当先行词是不定代词all，little，few，much, something, anything, everything, nothing, none, some等时。e.g. He did everything that he could to help us. 他做了一切能做到事来帮助我们。In this facto
3、ry I found little that was different from ours. 在这家工厂，我们发现很少和我们的工厂不同的地方。(2) 先行词被all, every, ,no, some, any, little, much, the only, the every,the right, the last, few, just 等修饰时。e.g. All the thing that we can do is to give you some advice. 我们唯一能做的就是给你提供一些建议。This is the very book that I want. 这正是我想要的
4、书。（3）先行词前有序数词 或形容词最高级修饰，或先行词本身就是序数词或形容词最高级时。e.g. That s the most expensive hotel that we ve never stayed in. 那是我们曾经住过最贵的旅馆。The first thing that we should do now is to find a local guild. 我们现在要做的第一件事就是找到一个当地的导游。（4）当先行词既有人又有物时。e.g. The guests spoke highly of the children and their performances that th
5、ey saw at the Childrens Palacs. 客人们高度赞扬了这些孩子及他们在少年宫观看的孩子们的表演。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 6 页学习必备欢迎下载（5）当主句是以who 或 which 开头的特殊疑问句时。e.g. Who is the people that is standing at the gate? 站在门口的那个人是谁？Which of us that knows something about phisics cannot join electric wires?我们中间懂物理
6、的谁不会接电线。2 用 which 不宜用 that 的情况（1）关系代词前有介词 且指物或事时。e.g. The house in which I used to live has become a clothes shop. 我过去住的房子现在变成了一家服装店。The pen with which you are writing is Jeff s. 你正用来写字的那支笔是杰夫的。（2）先行词本身就是that 时. e.g. What s that which flashed in the sky just now? 刚才天空中一闪而过的是什么东西？I don t like that wh
7、ich he did. 我不喜欢他做的那件事。3. 用 who 不宜用 that 的情况（1）先行词是指人的不定代词时。先行词如果是指人的不定代词，如one, anyone, no one, all, nobody, anybody, none, those, people 等,不宜用 that。e.g. Those who have good manners will be respected. 那些有礼貌的人会受到人们的尊重。Anyone who wants to swim writes his name on a piece of paper. 想去游泳的人把名字写在了一张纸上。（2）当
8、先行词指人并含有较长的后置定语或在被分割的定语从句中时。e.g. The peofessor is coming soon who will give us a talk on how to learn English. 给我们作关于如何学英语讲座的教授快要来了。The boy was crying hard who lost his way while looking for his mother. 找妈妈时迷了路的那个小男孩正哭得厉害。二、定语从句中的主谓一致一般来讲， 定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该和它的先行词保持一致。”one of +复数名词 ”作先行词，谓语动词用复数形式； “
9、the (only) one of, the very/right + 复数名词 ”做先行词，谓语动词用单词形式。e.g. I am not one who is afraid of difficulty. 我是个不怕困难的人。Anyone who has questions to ask, please come to my office this afternoon. 有问题要问的人，今天下午到我办公室来。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 6 页学习必备欢迎下载That is one of the most expen
10、sive dictionaries that have come out in recent years. 那本辞典是最近几年来所见到的最贵的词典之一。He is the only one of those workers who is able to do this job. 他是那些工人中唯一能做此工作的人。三、定语从句中的语态定语从句中的时态一般不受主句影响，主要根据具体语境和意义而定。The professor who visited our school yesterday is from Canada. 昨天参观我们学校的教授来自加拿大。The professor who is v
11、isiting our school now is from Canada. 现在正在参观我们学校的教授来自加拿大。The professor who will visit our school tomorrow is from Canada. 明天要来参观我们学校的教授来自加拿大。定语从句专练一、用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句1. The boy is my younger brother. He was here a minute ago. 2. The old man is a professor. He teaches chemistry in a college.
12、3. The woman is here now. You were talking about her. 4. The car was going 90 miles an hour. The car just passed us. 5. The man waved to us. The man was my uncle. 6. I enjoyed reading the book. You gave me a book last week. 7. I prefer the subject. The subject is science. 8. I spoke to the man. The
13、man is a professor. 二、完形填空It was cold outside. A strong 1 was blowing hard. I 2 at a round table in a cafe, drinking coffee. I was glad there were other people in the place, but the happiness didnt 3 long. No one seemed to care about the others except the computer 4 him. I stood up, walked between t
14、he tables and came to the nearest computer. In front of it was a thin, young man, with a cup of coffee beside the computer, untouched( 没有动过的 ). Im Steve, he answered 5 I asked him twice. I cant talk with you. Im 6 , ” he said. I thought he was 7 , and said sorry to him. Before going back to my seat,
15、 I noticed he was not working. He was 8 online with somebody probably someone he didnt know and, at the same time, he was playing a computer game a war game. Then I saw 9 there using a computer, talking online. Though there were many people around me, I felt I had 10 been so lonely. What will be the
16、 future of human beings who prefer sharing(分享 ) their lives with machines instead of people? （）1. A. rain B. wind C. cloud 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 6 页学习必备欢迎下载（）2. A. lay B. stood C. sat （）3. A. last B. happen C. finish （）4. A. behind B. in front of C. at the top of （）5.
17、A. after B. before C. until （）6. A. free B. happy C. busy （）7. A. playing B. working C. sleeping （）8. A. talking B. crying C. laughing （）9. A. nobody B. somebody C. everybody （）10. A. never B. always C. sometimes 三、阅读理解A Debra Veal is a very brave( 勇敢的) woman. She took part in a race to row(划船 ) acr
18、oss the Atlantic ( 大西洋)，a journey for about 3, 360 kilometers. She was in one of the 36 small rowing boats that set off on October 7th, 2001 from Tenerife. Each small boat was the same with food for the journey. She arrived in Barbados on January 26th , 2002 after rowing across the Atlantic for thre
19、e-and-a-half months. Debra began the journey with her husband in a small boat called Troika Transatlantic. But after 14 days he became very afraid, so he was taken off the small rowing boat. This did not make Debra give up. For the next hundred days, she rowed her small boat against the waves and th
20、e wind. When she at last arrived at the end of her journey, she was reluctant ( 不情愿的) to leave her boat though her husband and family were there to welcome her. The boat had carried her safely to the end of the journey. She said, I just want to toast( 给 敬酒 )this lady, this very special lady. I am fu
21、ll of sadness that I will have to leave her. She has protected me through many storms. （）1. _boats took part in the race across the Atlantic. A. 14 B. 36 G. 2, 001 D. 3, 360 （）2. The race started_. A. on October 7th , 2001 from Tenerife B. on October 7th , 2001 from Barbados C. Con January 26th , 20
22、02 from Tenerife D. on January 26th , 2002 from Barbados （）3. Debra Veals husband gave up because_. A. it was a dangerous journey B. he had to look after their child C. there was no food for the journey D. he was fed up with the journey （）4. this lady refers to( 指的是 )_. A. her mother B. herself C. h
23、er boat D. the journey （）5. Which of the following is right? A. The journey lasted 100 days. B. Each boat was different. C. It was hard to get to the end of the race. D. Debra Veal wanted to leave her boat as soon as the race ended. 四、首字母填空。All around the world, people drink tea. But tea does not m_
24、(1) the same thing to e_(2). In different countries people have very different i_(3) about drinking tea. In China people always have tea t_(4) with their friends. They may drink tea at any time of the day. They only put tea leaves in their cups. They p_(5) the tea with n_(6) else in it. Tea is also
25、i_(7) in Japan. It is very p_(8) there. People drink tea every day. But they have it in a way different from that in China. In the USA people drink tea at breakfast or after m_(9). They usually use tea bags to make their tea. Making tea with bags is faster and e_(10) than making it with tea leaves i
26、n teapots. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 6 页学习必备欢迎下载Homework 一、阅读理解A We all cry for water when we are thirsty. But do you know, in very hot, dry weather, plants also make very low sounds as if they are crying out for help? You see, in a plants stem(茎) there are several hundred
27、 water pipes(管道 ) that bring water from soil all the way up to the leaves. When the ground turns dry, it becomes harder and harder for plants to do this. In very hot days, plants have to get any water that it can. Scientist Robert Winter has found out that when plants can get no water, their water p
28、ipes snap(发出断裂声 ) . When that happens, the whole plant vibrates( 振动 ) a little. The snapping pipes make noises ten thousand times more quiet than a whisper( 低语 ). Robert knows that healthy, well-watered plants are quiet. He also knows that many insects (昆虫 ) prefer attacking dry plants rather than h
29、ealthy plants. How do the insects know which are healthy plants and which are not? Robert thinks that the insects may hear the plants crying and then they may come to kill. . （）1. There are many water pipes_. A. in a plants stem B. in a plants peel(果皮 ) C. in a plants bark( 树皮 ) D. in the earth （）2.
30、 When plants can_, their water pipes snap. A. grow well B. get no sunlight C. have enough water D. get no water （）3. When water pipes snap, the whole plant_. A. keeps quiet B. vibrates a little C. gets well D. makes very loud sounds （）4. The snapping pipes make noises _ times more quiet than a whisp
31、er. A. 100 B. 1, 000 C. 10, 000 D. 100, 000 （）5. Many insects like to attack_. A. quiet plants B. dry plants C. healthy plants D. well-watered plants B Waste can be seen everywhere in the school. Some students ask for more food than they can eat and others often forget to turn off the lights when th
32、ey leave the classroom. They say they can afford these things. But I dont agree with them. Waste can bring a lot of problems. Although China is rich in some resources( 资源 ) , we are short of (缺乏 ) others, for example, fresh water( 淡水 ). It is reported that we will have no coal(煤) or oil to use in 10
33、0 years. So if we go on wasting our resources, what can we use in the future and where can we move? Hunk about it. I think we should say no to the students who waste things every day. Everybody should stop wasting as soon as possible. In our everyday life, we can do many things to prevent waste from
34、 happening, for example, turn off the water taps(水龙头 ) when we finish washing, turn off the lights when we leave the classroom, try not to order more food than we need, and so on. Little by little, everything will be changed. Waste can be stopped one day, if we do our best. （）6. From the passage we
35、know that some students often _ in the school. A. eat too much B. dont work hard C. waste things D. throw rubbish everywhere （）7. Which is not mentioned in this passage? A. Fresh water. B. Forest. C. Oil. D. Coal. （）8. What may happen in 100 years? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，
36、共 6 页学习必备欢迎下载A. We may still have enough oil. B. We may still have enough coal. C. We may have a little oil. D. We may have no coal or oil to use. （）9. Which of the following is right? A. Waste brings problems. B. Waste can bring no problem. C. China is rich in fresh water. D. Students never waste t
37、hings. （）10. Which is the best title( 题目 ) of this passage? A. Stop Wasting B. School life C. Waste in the School D. Rich Resources in China 二、写作节约资源 ,保护环境 ,从我们身边的小事做起。Li Ming 是一个注重“低碳”生活的中学生，假设你是他, 请以 “My Low-carbon Life”为题，写一篇80 词左右的短文，简单描述自己的“低碳生活”。要点：（1）每天步行上学；（2）离开教室时，关灯、电扇、电视等；（3）不用水时，记得关水龙头，循环使用水；（4）充分使用纸张；（5）不使用塑料袋。参考词汇： on foot, turn off, tap, reuse, make full use of, plastic bag 要求：（1） 内容包括所提供的信息及要点，可适当发挥，但不要逐条翻译；（2） 不得透露考生姓名、学校等信息。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 6 页