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1、初中英语高频考点之动词短语及习题(附解析 )一.同一动词不同介词副词break 短语break in 打断;闯入break into 破门而入break out 爆发break up 打碎;结束;解散break down 发生故障;抛锚,分解break away 脱离,放弃come 短语come up 升起;发生come up with 想出(主意)come across (偶然 )遇见 (或发现 )come along 进展;一起去come down 下降;下落come in 进来come from 来自come back 回来come on 赶快;加油come out 出版,发行;出现;开
2、花;发芽come over 过来; 顺便来访精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 21 页come true (希望、梦想等 )实现,成为现实cut 短语cut up 切碎cut down 砍到,消减cut off 切断,切除cut out 删除;删去;剪下cut in 插嘴fall 短语fall into 落入;陷入fall behind 落后fall down 摔倒,倒塌fall off (从 上)掉下fall asleep 入睡fall over 绊倒;跌倒get 短语get away 逃离get back 返回get
3、down 下降get on 上车get off 下车get over 克服精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 21 页get up 起床;起来get along/on with sb. 与某人相处go 短语go away 走开 ;离开go back 回去go up 上升;增长go out 出去;熄灭go off(闹钟)发出响声go over 仔细检查;复习go through 通过give 短语give away 赠送;分发give back 还给;归还;恢复(健康等 )give in 投降,屈服give out 发出 (气
4、味、光线、声音、信号);分发give up 放弃jump 短语jump into 跳入jump over 跳过jump off 跳离leave 短语精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 21 页leave for 出发前往;动身去leave behind 留下;遗留leave out 遗漏;省去;不考虑leave alone 不打扰;不理look 短语look after 照顾;照看look at 看look around 环顾四周look for 寻找;寻求look into 调查look out 当心look over (
5、仔细 )检查look through 浏览look up (在词典、参考书等中)查阅;查找look up to 钦佩;仰慕;尊敬look down upon 瞧不起look forward to 盼望;期待put 短语put away 把收起来;储存备用put down 写下;放下put off 推迟;拖延精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 21 页put on 穿上;上演;增加put out 扑灭;熄灭 (火);伸出put up 张贴;搭建put back 放回原处;把(钟)拨慢take 短语take away 拿走;带走
6、take down 取下;记下;拆卸take in 吸入;吞入 (体内 )take out 取出take off 脱下(衣服) ; (飞机等)起飞take up 占据 (时间、空间 );开始从事;拿起take care 当心;小心take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等 )相像take care of 照看;照顾turn 短语turn down 调低;拒绝turn up调高;出现turn on 打开;接通turn off 关闭;切断turn out 结果是turn in 上交精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共
7、21 页send 短语send out 发出,发送,派遣send up 发射send for 派人去请send in 寄去,递交二.不同动词同一介词副词about 短语care about 关心;在意hear about (=hear of )听说talk about 谈论;讨论;think about 考虑;认为throw about 乱丢;抛撒worry about 担心at 短语point at 指向look at 看(某人)throw at 投向;掷向laugh at (sb.) 嘲笑(某人)knock at 敲shout at(sb.) 对(某人)大喊aim at 瞄准;旨在精选学习
8、资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 21 页away 短语get away 逃离give away 赠送;分发put away 把收起来;储存备用run away 逃跑;跑掉take away 拿走throw away 扔掉move away 搬走,移开back 短语bring back 恢复;使想起;归还come back 回来get back 回来;恢复give back 归还;送回go back 回去talk back 回嘴;顶嘴pay back 偿还 (借款等 )down 短语break down 停止运转;出故障calm
9、down 保持冷静cut down 砍倒;削减fall down 落下;摔倒精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 21 页get down 下来;落下put down 写下;记下;放下shut down 关上;停业shoot down 射下,击落take down 拆除;记录turn down 调低;关小;拒绝write down 写下;记下in 短语believe in 信任;信赖bring in 引进;生产check in 报到;登记come in 进来hand in 交上;提交;呈送take in 吸入;吞入 (体内 )
10、;理解;欺骗join in 参加,加入of 短语hear of 听说think of 想起;认为;考虑get out of 离开;从出来take care of 照顾;照看off 短语精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 21 页break off 突然中止;中断cut off 切除;切断drop off 减少;下降fall off 从掉下get off 脱下;下车go off (闹钟 )发出响声;发出(光、热等)keep off 勿踏;勿踩knock off 停止做某事pay off 偿清 (欠款等 )put off 推迟;
11、拖延run off 跑掉;迅速离开see off(为某人)送行set off 动身(去某地) ;起程send off 派遣shut off 关闭;停止运转take off 脱下(衣服) , (飞机等)起飞tell off 责备;分派turn off 关闭on 短语put on 穿上精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 21 页turn on 打开fight on 坚持pass on 传递keep on 继续(进行)try on 试穿;试试看work on 从事;忙于depend on 依赖come on 赶快;加油;来吧hol
12、d on 等一等(别挂电话)out 短语blow out 吹灭break out (战争、火灾等 )突然发生;爆发bring out 使显现;使表现出check out 查看;观察clean out 清除;把打扫干净clear out 清理;丢掉come out 出版;发表cut out 删除;删去find out 查明;弄清get out 出去,离开give out 发出 (气味、光线、声音、信号);分发go out 出去;熄灭精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 21 页hand out 分发;发放hang out 闲逛
13、keep out 不让 .进入leave out 不包括;不提及;忽略look out 留神;当心put out 扑灭;熄灭 (火)point out 指出run out 用尽;耗尽sell out 卖完;售光set out 出发;启程stand out 站出来;突出;坚持到底take out 取出work out 算出;解决help (sb.) out 帮助 (某人 )解决困难over 短语come over 过来;顺便来访fall over 绊倒;跌倒get over 克服;恢复;原谅go over 仔细检查;复习look over (仔细 )检查think over 仔细考虑精选学习资料
14、 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 21 页up 短语bring up 教育;培养;提出cheer up 使振奋;使高兴起来(cheer sb. up)clean up (把 )打扫干净; (把 )收拾整齐cut up 切碎dress up 穿上盛装;装扮eat up 吃光;吃完fix up 修理;修补get up 起床give up 放弃grow up 成长;长大hang up 挂断电话hurry up 赶快look up (在词典、参考书等中)查阅;查找make up 编造;形成;组成pick up 捡起;接电话put up 张贴
15、;搭建ring up 打电话send up 发射,把送上去set up 建立;创立;开办精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 21 页show up 出席;露面stay up 不睡觉;熬夜take up (尤指为消遣 )学着做;开始做think up 想出turn up 开大 (声音 );出现use up 用完;用光;耗尽wake up 醒来with 短语agree with 赞同;持相同意见begin with 以开始connect with 与相连deal with 处理;应付catch up with 赶上come u
16、p with 提出;想出 (主意、回答等)get along/on with sb. 与某人相处go on with 继续keep in touch with sb. 与某人保持联系keep up with 与.并驾齐驱;跟上精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页,共 21 页习题及解析1We will never _ our dream until it comes true one day.A.give up B. give in C. give out D. give awayA【解析】句意:我们永远不会_ 我们的梦想直到它
17、实现的那一天。give up 放弃; give in 屈服; give out 分发; give away 捐赠,根据句意放弃梦想,故选A。2 Hurry up! I m afraid we will miss the plane.Don t worry! The plane will not _ until 12 oclock.A.take after B. take away C. take off D. take outC【解析】句意: “快点!我担心我们将错过飞机”“不要担心!飞机12 点前不会_。 ”take after(外貌或行为)像;take away 拿走; take off
18、起飞; take out 取出。根据句意飞机应该是起飞,故选C。3 Why does your room look so small?Because the bed _too much space.A. takes up B. takes down 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页,共 21 页C. takes off D. takes awayA【解析】句意“为什么你的房间看起来这么小?”“因为床 _太多的空间。”takes up 占据; takes down 记下; takes off 脱掉, (飞机等)起飞;takes
19、 away带走,取走。根据语境可知,此处表示“床占据了太多空间,所以房间看上去很小”。故选 A。4In order to save the energy, we should _ lights in time if we don t need them.A. turn up B. turn down C. turn off D. turn onC【解析】句意:为了节约能源,在我们不需要用灯时,应当及时把他们_。 turn up 调大,通常指声音等;turn down 调小; turn off 关闭; turn on 打开。根据句意可知,此处是指关掉灯。故选C。5I mvery surprise
20、d to _ an old friend in Paris. We haven t seen each other for years.A. come out B. come across C. come after D. come onB【解析】句意:我很惊讶在巴黎_一位老朋友。我们很多年都没见面了。come out 出版; come across 偶然遇见; come after 跟随; come on 加油。根据语境可知选B。6It s a good habit for us that we should never _ todays work till tomorrow.A. put
21、on B. put off精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 15 页,共 21 页C. put up D. put downB【解析】句意:我们应该决不把今天的事情_到明天,这对我们来说是一个好习惯。put on 穿上;put off 推迟; put up 张贴; put down 记下,根据句意表示把今天的事情推迟到明天,故选B。7The doctors _ the little girl carefully. They advised her to take some medicine on time.A. looked into
22、 B. looked over C. looked for D. looked atB 【解析】句意:医生们仔细地_ 小女孩。 他们建议她按时吃药。looked into 调查;looked over (仔细 )检查; looked for 寻找; looked at 看。结合句意可知此处是指医生仔细地检查了那个小女孩。故选B。8 What do you usually do in the evening, Tom?I usually _ the newspapers to find something interesting.A.look through B. look outC. look
23、 around D. looked intoA 【解析】 句意“汤姆, 你晚上通常做什么?” “我通常 _报纸来找一些有趣的东西。” look through 浏览; look out 当心; look around 向四周看; looked into 调查。根据句意可知指“浏览” ,故选 A。9Mike and his parents will _for Shanghai to visit Disney Park tomorrow.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 16 页,共 21 页A. put off B. take off
24、C. get off D. set offD【解析】句意:迈克和他父母明天将_去上海参观迪斯尼乐园。put off 推迟; take off 脱下, (飞机)起飞;get off 下车; set off 动身(去)。根据句意可知,他们明天动身去上海参观,因此用set off 。故选 D。10This bus doesn t go to the train station. I m afraid you ll have to _ at the library and take the A30.A. take off B.put off C. get off D.turn offC【解析】句意:这
25、辆公交车不去火车站。我恐怕你不得不从图书馆_, 然后转乘A30。take off 脱下, (飞机)起飞;put off 推迟; get off 下车; turn off 关闭。根据语境可知此处指的是下车,故选C。11 What are you doing over there?I m _a photo of our family on the wall.A. looking up B. giving up C. making up D. putting upD【解析】句意:“你在那边做什么?” “我把一张我们的全家福_在墙上。”looking up 向上看,查找; giving up 放弃;
26、making up 组成,编造; putting up张贴。根据句意可知“put up”符合语境,指把照片往墙上贴。故选D。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 17 页,共 21 页12People along the river didn t allow them to_ a factory there in order to protect the water.A. set up B. give up C. take up D. look upA 【解析】 句意:为了保护河水, 沿河的人们不允许他们在_那一个工厂。 set up 建
27、立,开业; give up 放弃; take up 从事;占据; look up 查阅,向上看。set up a factory 建立一个工厂。故选A。13 Do you know who _ my dictionary? I can t find it.Sorry, I dont know, either. I wasout just now.A.got away B. took away C. ran away D. threw awayB 【解析】 句意: “你知道谁 _我的字典吗?我找不到它了”“不好意思, 我也不知道。我刚出去了” got away 逃离 ;took away 拿走;
28、 run away 逃跑; threw away 扔掉。根据句意可以是询问谁拿走了我的字典,故选B。14 Could you tell me where the fitting room is? I need to_ this pair of pants.Sure. Over there.A.work on B. pass on C. depend on 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 18 页,共 21 页D. try onD【解析】 句意: “你能告诉我试衣间在哪里吗?我需要_这条裤子。” “当然可以。 在那边” work on
29、 从事; pass on 传递; depend on 依赖; try on 试穿。根据句意寻找试衣间,表示要试穿这条裤子,故选D。15 When will your new book_? I can t wait to read it.Next month.A.give out B. come out C. work out D. sell outB 【解析】 句意: “你的新书什么时候_?我迫不及待地想读它。” “下个月” give out 分发; come out 出版; work out 解决; sell out 卖光。根据句意“我”想读你的书,可知询问的是新书什么时候出版,故选B。16
30、It took them about five hours to _ the fire. Although the house was destroyed, nobody was hurt.A. put out B. carry out C. work out D. find outA【解析】句意:他们花费了大约5 个小时才把火 _。尽管房子被毁坏了,但没人受伤。put out 扑灭,熄灭;carry out 实施; work out 算出,解决;find out 查明。根据语境可知,此处指“花了将近5 个小时才把火扑灭” ,故选 A。17The best way of _ the probl
31、em is by asking the teacher for help.A. beginning with精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 19 页,共 21 页B. dealing with C. connecting with D. agreeing withB 【解析】 句意:_这个问题最好的方法是寻求老师的帮助。beginning with 以 .开始;dealing with 处理; connecting with 与.相连; agreeing with 赞同。 deal with the problem处理问题,故选B。
32、18I promised her to _ her child during her business trip.A. agree with B. worry about C. look after D. laugh atC 【解析】句意:我承诺在她出差期间帮她_她的小孩。 agree with 同意; worry about 担心; look after 照顾,照料; laugh at 嘲笑。分析语境可知,此处指照顾小孩。故选C。19I often_ the lessons with my good friends. It is easier for us to exchange some
33、ideas with each other.A. look for B. break in C. turn out D. go overD【解析】句意:我经常和我的好朋友一起_功课。对我们来说,相互交流一下想法更容易了。 look for 寻找; break in 打断; turn out 证明是,结果是;go over 复习。分析句意可知此处是复习功课。故选D。20You d better not_ late for your favorite TV plays. Enough sleep is necessary for your health.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 20 页,共 21 页A. take on B. stay up C. put off D. turn downB【解析】句意:你最好不要为了你喜欢的电视剧_太晚。充足的睡眠对你的健康来说是必要的。 take on 呈现; stay up 熬夜; put off 推迟; turn down 关掉 ,拒绝。根据语境可知建议不要熬夜太晚看电视剧。故选B。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 21 页,共 21 页