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1、第第7讲讲 三大类从句三大类从句 考点1: 引导名词性从句的连接词例1: It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office. (2012江西卷 25) A. whether B. where C. which D. that.名词性从句名词性从句 【解析】选D。考查名词性从句中的主语从句。 it作形式主语，真正的主语为that he had left his keys in the office。且that在句中无意义，并不充当任何成分。考点1: 引导名词性从句的连接词例2: We promise _ attend
2、s the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. (2012福建卷 35) A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever【解析】选C。句意：我们承诺向参加聚会的人提供一个和电影明星合影的机会。不定式作chance的定语，此处whoever相当于anyone who。考点考点2: 名词性从句的语序名词性从句的语序I really wonder _ will stop Japan from its annual whale hunt in the Antarctic. (2011山西太原五中
3、月考) A. that it is what B. what it is that C. what is it that D. that is it what【解析】选B。空白处为一个宾语从句作动词wonder的宾语。而宾语从句是一个强调句，强调what。宾语从句要采用陈述语序。考点考点3: 由由reason作主语时，表语从句的连接词作主语时，表语从句的连接词The reason why he cant go to school is _ he is ill. A. because B. why C. that D. which【解析】选C。reason作主语时，其后的表语从句一般用连词tha
4、t。考点考点4: 后接同位语从句的名词后接同位语从句的名词 Evidence has been found through years of study _ childrens early sleeping problem are likely to continue when they grow up. (2012重庆卷34) A. why B. how C. whether D. that【解析】选D。分析句子结构可知，空白处后面为句子主语“Evidence”的同位语从句，在这一从句中，句意完整，不缺少成分，应该使用“that”作为引导词。因此，正确答案为D选项。 考点1: that与wh
5、ich引导定语从句的区别 Maria has written two novels, both of _ have been made into television series.(2012山东卷23) A. them B. that C. which D. what. 定语从句定语从句 【解析】选C。句中的先行词是two novels，而且后面是一个非限制性定语从句，因此用both of which引导。that不能引导非限制性定语从句，也不能跟在介词后面；如果选them，则后面需要有并列连词and或者是独立主格结构，即both of them made into考点考点2: “介词介词
6、关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 In our class there are 46 students, _ half wear glasses. (2012四川卷13) A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them【解析】选C。本题考查介词后的定语从句。前后两句话之间无连词，故不能用人称代词them，而应用关系代词whom引导定语从句；“在46个学生当中”，表所属，应用of。故答案选C。考点考点3: as和和which引导非限制性定语从句的比较引导非限制性定语从句的比较例1：Ted came for the weekend wearin
7、g only some shorts and a Tshirt, _ is a stupid thing to do in such weather. (2011全国大纲卷7) A. this B. that C. what D. which【解析】选D。which引导非限制性定语从句。代指前面整句内容。考点3: as和which引导非限制性定语从句的比较例2：_ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What【解析】选B。A、D不能引导定
8、语从句，C不能引导非限制性定语从句。As is known to everybodyAs everybody knows “正如大家所知道的”。该句也可换成It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month. What is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month. 考点4: 关系代词与关系副词的选择例1：I will never forget the day _I came
9、 to my university and the day _I spent in a new city. A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when【解析】 选A。第一个时间名词the day 在从句中作状语，因此要用关系副词when；第二个时间名词the day 在从句中作动词spent的宾语，因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句或省略关系代词。考点4: 关系代词与关系副词的选择例2：Men are more suited to occupational environments _ requir
10、e decisive action while women are better at jobs _ a considered approach is most important. (江苏南京金陵中学高三模拟) A. which; that B. /; when C. which; when D. that; where【解析】选D。第一空用关系代词that或which 作主语，不可以省略。第二空用关系副词where，因为句子意思完整，不缺主语或宾语。根据先行词jobs和定语从句的意义，确定用关系副词where(at which)表地点，作地点状语。考点考点1: 时间状语从句时间状语从句例1
11、: He smiled politely _ Mary apologized for her drunken friends. (2012山东卷27) A. as B. if C. unless D. though. 状语从句【解析】选A。此处是as引导这个时间状语从句，smile和apologize同时进行，as意为“当的时候”。句意： 当玛丽为她喝醉了的朋友道歉时，他礼貌地微笑着。考点考点1: 时间状语从句时间状语从句例2: I had hardly got to the office _ my wife phoned me to go back home at once. (2012全国
12、大纲卷11) A. when B. than C. until D. after【解析】选A。考查固定句型hardlywhen。句意： 我刚到办公室，我妻子就给我打电话让我立刻回家。考点考点2: 条件状语从句条件状语从句 It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties _ it gets more financial support from the European Union. (2012福建卷30) A. if B. unless C. because D. since【解析】选B。根据句意
13、“除非有来自欧洲联盟的更多的经济支持，否则希腊政府很难克服目前的困难”，只能选择unless“除非”才能使句意完整。考点考点3: 让步状语从句让步状语从句例1: I dont believe weve met before, _ I must say you do look familiar. (2012全国新课标卷25) A. therefore B. although C. since D. unless【解析】选B。句意： 尽管我不得不说你确实看起来熟悉，然而我相信我们以前并未见过。考点考点3: 让步状语从句让步状语从句例2: Look at those clouds! Dont wor
14、ry. _ it rains, well still have a great time. (2012北京卷21) A. Even if B. As though C. In case D. If only【解析】选A。考查状语从句连接词。even if 即使；as though似乎；in case 以防；if only要是多好。考点考点4: as引导让步状语从句的用法引导让步状语从句的用法 Hot _ the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey. (2012陕西卷18)
15、A. although B. as C. while D. however【解析】选B。考查状语从句。该句为倒装结构，即在as引导的让步状语从句中，要将从句中的表语，状语，或动词原形提到as之前，故选B。1. Mr. Smith has bought a little house in the country, around _ some green trees. A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are易错题笔记【解析】选C。此题容易误选A或B，将A、B中的 which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。其实，此题的最佳答案为C，around
16、 which are some green trees 是一个由“介词which”引导的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 some green trees，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用are，而不是 is。请看下面的例子： The police found a large box under his bed, in which were some sex books.警察在他的床底下找到一只大箱子，里面装的是一些黄色书籍。(in which were some sex books 为非限制性定语从句，在该从句中，in which 是表语，some sex books
17、 是主语，所以谓语动词用复数were)2. Is there a shop around _ we can buy some toilet articles? A. that B. which C. where D. what【解析】选C。此题很容易误选 B，认为 around 是介词。用which代替前面的名词 shop，作介词 around 的宾语。其实此题的最佳选项应是 C，其中 around 是副词(意为“在附近”)，其后 where 引导的定语从句修饰其前的地点名词 shop，句意： 附近有没有我们可以买到梳妆用品的商店？3. She promised _ he had enough
18、 money she would marry him. A. that B. if C. that if D. if that 【解析】选C。此题将条件状语从句 if he had enough money 插入动词 promised 与其宾语从句之间，从而导致许多同学误选。4. The judge paid no attention to _ he had just lost his wife. A. that B. which C. what D. the fact that【解析】选D。此题容易误选 A 或 B。通常情况下，介词后不能直接跟 that 从句(极个别介词如except, b
19、ut 等除外)，遇此情况，应在 that 从句前加上 the fact(此时 the fact 用作介词宾语，其后 that 从句用作 the fact 的同位语)。 5. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _. A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is【解析】选D。此题首先应排除A和C，因为空格处为一个宾语从句，所以不能用疑问句语序。按英语的习惯，当用于指代身份不明的人时，应用代词it，而不用 he 或she等。所以此题应选D。6. His lecture was diffic
20、ult and I didnt know _ he said meant in his lecture. A. that B. what C. that that D. what what【解析】选D。第一个what 用作动词 meant 的宾语，第二个what 用作动词 said 的宾语。又如： He was honest and told us all all he knew. 他很诚实，他把他知道的都告诉了我们大家。 句中的第一个 all 为 us 的同位语，意为“我们大家”或“我们所有的人”；第二个all 实为 all that 之省略，其中的 all 为动词 told 的直接宾语，被
21、省略的关系代词 that 为定语从句中谓语动词 knew 的宾语。当然此句也可说成：He was honest and told us all what he knew. 7. Was it under the tree _ you were away talking to a friend? Sure. But when I got back there, the bike was gone. A. that B. where C. which D. while【解析】选D。此题很容易误选A，认为这是强调句型。其实此题的最佳答案是D。从上下文的语境来看，句中的 it 应是指代 the bik
22、e，句意为： “当你离开去同 朋 友 谈 话 的 时 候 ， 你 的 自 行 车 是 在 这 树 下吗？”“肯定是的，但当我回来时，自行车就不见了。”8. He likes living alone, and says that he wants to go and live in a place _ nobody knows. A. where B. that C. when D. what【解析】选B。此题易误选A，认为place表示“地点”，应使用关系副词where。其实，根据句子结构可知，空格部分为knows的宾语，故应用which或that。 感谢您的关注感谢您的关注Thank you for your attention !