2014九英上unit3语法.ppt

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1、Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?Grammar FocusThe object clause一、宾语从句的概念一、宾语从句的概念 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。 We know Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right.二、宾语从句三要素二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）引导词（连接词）语语 序序时时 态态1. Uncle Wang came up to see _ there was

2、 anything wrong with the machine.2. The shop keeper asked my father _ or not he wanted to choose a big Christmas tree.if / whetherwhether3. I dont know _ to go or stay.4. _ that is true, what should we do?whetherIf5. _ they will ever become future Olympic champions only time will tell. WhetherComple

3、te the sentences with if / whether.vObject clauses withv wh-questionsExcuse me, do you know where I can buy some medicine? Cloud you tell me how to get to the post office?Can you tell me when the band starts playing this evening?I wonder where we should go next.Read the sentences below, paying atten

4、tion to the underlined parts.I wonder when the park closes today.Could you tell me where the restrooms are first?Do you know where we can get some good food quickly?Lets ask what time the band starts.（一）连接词。特殊疑问句作宾语从句时不（一）连接词。特殊疑问句作宾语从句时不需要再加连接词，疑问词就是连接词，并且需要再加连接词，疑问词就是连接词，并且不能省略。不能省略。 I ask what yo

5、u are doing now. 我问你现在正在干什么？我问你现在正在干什么？（二）词序。用（二）词序。用“特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+陈述句陈述句”的的词序，与一般疑问句变宾语从句时基本相同。词序，与一般疑问句变宾语从句时基本相同。 He didnt tell me when we would meet again. 他没告诉我什么时候我们再见面。他没告诉我什么时候我们再见面。连接词连接词宾语从句是由陈述句转化成的，连接词用宾语从句是由陈述句转化成的，连接词用that；宾语从句是由一般疑问句转化成的，连接词宾语从句是由一般疑问句转化成的，连接词用用if或或whether；宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转化

6、成的，连接词宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转化成的，连接词直接用特殊疑问词直接用特殊疑问词(如如who, what, why, where, whose)做引导词，后面变为陈述语序。做引导词，后面变为陈述语序。如：如：I wonder if he is a driver. 我想知道他是否是个司机。我想知道他是否是个司机。Do you know where I can get a dictionary? 你知道我在哪里能买到词典吗？你知道我在哪里能买到词典吗？语序语序不管什么类型的宾语从句，总是用陈述句不管什么类型的宾语从句，总是用陈述句语序，即从句的连接词后是主语、谓语、语序，即从句的连接词后是主语、

7、谓语、宾语的语序。当连接词做主语时，后面直宾语的语序。当连接词做主语时，后面直接跟谓语和宾语。接跟谓语和宾语。I shall write to you what I want to say. 我会写给你我想说的话。我会写给你我想说的话。I dont know who wants to borrow these magazines. 我不知道谁想借这些杂志。我不知道谁想借这些杂志。时态时态主句和从句的时态须保持一致。如果主句主句和从句的时态须保持一致。如果主句为一般现在时，从句可根据需要选择各种为一般现在时，从句可根据需要选择各种时态；如果主句是一般过去时，从句只能时态；如果主句是一般过去时，从

8、句只能用过去的某种时态用过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等)。Im sorry to hear that your mother is ill. 听说你母亲病了，我很难过。听说你母亲病了，我很难过。She didnt know that Tom had left for Shanghai. 她不知道汤姆已去了上海。她不知道汤姆已去了上海。 宾语宾语从句的注意事项从句的注意事项 1. 引导词及语序的变化规律引导词及语序的变化规律句式句式 引引 导导 词词 语序语序 陈述句陈述句 that(口语中常省略口语中常省

9、略) 不不变变 一般疑问句一般疑问句 if / whether 陈陈述语序述语序 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词 陈述语序陈述语序 2. 时态时态 （1）如果主句是一般现在时或将来）如果主句是一般现在时或将来时，宾语从句可根据句意的需要而选用时，宾语从句可根据句意的需要而选用任何一种时态。任何一种时态。 （2）若主句是）若主句是一般过去时一般过去时时时，宾语，宾语从句用表示过去的某种时态。从句用表示过去的某种时态。 1. 当宾语从句的内容是客观事实或科学真理当宾语从句的内容是客观事实或科学真理时，不论主句是什么时态，从句都用时，不论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现一般现在在时态时态。

10、2. 当主句谓语动词为当主句谓语动词为think，suppose，guess, believe等等, 并且主语为并且主语为第第一一人称人称时，从句的否时，从句的否定词应转移为对主句谓语动词的否定定词应转移为对主句谓语动词的否定, 即否定即否定前移。前移。例如：例如：The teacher said (that) the earth goes around the sun. I dont think she cares, does she? You dont think she cares, do you? He doesnt think he cares, does he? 3. “两副面孔两

11、副面孔” if 和和 when 等既能引导宾语从句，又能引导状等既能引导宾语从句，又能引导状语从句。因此，碰到此种情况要认真分析。当语从句。因此，碰到此种情况要认真分析。当从句表示将来时，若引导的是宾语从句，它们从句表示将来时，若引导的是宾语从句，它们的时态常用一般将来时；若引导的是状语从句，的时态常用一般将来时；若引导的是状语从句，它们的时态常用一般现在时代替将来时。它们的时态常用一般现在时代替将来时。 If it rains tomorrow, I wont come.（时间状（时间状语从句）语从句）I dont know if it will rain tomorrow. （宾语（宾语从

12、句）从句） 宾语从句用法宾语从句用法 宾语从句需注意，几点事项应牢记。宾语从句需注意，几点事项应牢记。 一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。 陈述句子用陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否（；一般疑问是否（if, whether）替；）替； 特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。 二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。主句二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；主句若为过若为现在时，从句时态应看意；主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。去时，从句时态向前移。 三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。Exerc

13、iseExercise1.Can you see_? A. what hes reading B. what is he reading C. what does he read D. he reads what 2.Does Jack come from Japan? Do you know?(合并成一个句子合并成一个句子) Do you know _ Jack _ from Japan? 3. - What did your son say in the letter? - He told me that he _ the Disney the next day. A. will visi

14、t B. has visited C. is going to visit D. would visit ifcomes4. Somebody called you just now, but I didnt know _. A. who were they B. who they were C. who was it D. who it was 5. I want to know_. A. what is his name B. whats his name C. that his name is D. what his name is 6. -Could you tell me _ she

15、 is looking for? -Her cousin, Susan. A. that B. whose C. who D. which 7. Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2002. A. where does she live B. where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived8. I dont know when _.A.will the train leave B. the train will leaveC. would the train leave D. the train lea

16、ve9. Do you know _ during the coming summer holiday?A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom doC. what Tom will do D. what Tom did10. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. A. that B. how C. what D. if11. I dont know _ Mr. Green will come to see us.

17、 He will help us with our English. A. why B. when C. how D. whereDA 12. We never know _ the old man is. They say he is a teacher. A. what B. who C. which D. where13. I was told _ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that whenBD 14. Do you k

18、now _? Im going to see him. Sorry, I dont know. A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived15. W here do you think _ he _ the computer？ Sorry, I have no idea. A. ; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buyDA 16. Do you know _?(谁谁正在唱歌正在唱歌) 17. D

19、o you know _? (她正在和谁谈话她正在和谁谈话) 18. Do you know _? (昨天发生了什么事昨天发生了什么事) who is singing who she is talking with what happened yesterday 句型句型转换转换1. “I am getting on well with my new classmates,” Lucy says. (改为复合句改为复合句) Lucy says _ she _ getting on well with her new classmates. 2. Do you have a QQ number?

20、 The girl wants to know. (改为复合句改为复合句) The girl wants to know _ you _ a QQ number. that is ifhave3. Where is the post office? Can you tell me? (改为复合句改为复合句) Can you tell me _ _ _ _ _? 4. What time will the airplane take off? The woman asked. (改为复合句改为复合句) The woman asked _ _ _ _ take off. wheretheposto

21、fficeiswhen theairplane would5. “The earth travels around the sun,” The geography teacher said. （改为复合句）（改为复合句）The geography teacher said that the earth _ _ the sun. 6. I think it will be sunny tomorrow. (改为否改为否定句定句)I _ _ it _ _ sunny tomorrow.travels arounddont thinkwill be【2011盐城盐城】14. Excuse me. C

22、ould you tell me _? It will leave at 4:00 p.m. A. how will you go Shanghai B. how you will go to Shanghai C. when will the bus leave for Shanghai D. when the bus will leave for Shanghai【解析【解析】从答句从答句知问的应该是时间，排除知问的应该是时间，排除A和和B。又因为宾语从句必须用陈述语序，故选。又因为宾语从句必须用陈述语序，故选D。【2011安徽芜湖安徽芜湖】48. - Could you tell me

23、_? - You can take No. 16 bus. A. how can we get to the Olympic Park B. how we can get to the Olympic Park C. how did we get to the Olympic Park D. how we got to the Olympic Park 【解析】特殊疑问句做宾语从句时，用陈述语【解析】特殊疑问句做宾语从句时，用陈述语序；可排除序；可排除A、C；根据答语可知问句用一般；根据答语可知问句用一般现在时，可排除现在时，可排除D；故；故B为正确答案。为正确答案。【2013铜仁铜仁】 I

24、wonder _ at 8:00 last night? I was watching NBA. A. what were you doing B. what did you do C. what you were doing D. what are you doing C【2013北京北京】I dont remember _ the book yesterday. A. where I put B. where did I put C. where will I put D. where l will put【2013漳州漳州】They wonder _ robots will make h

25、umans lose their jobs or not. A. that B. if C. whetherAC【2013恩施恩施】- I wonder when _ be held. - If it _, well have it next Monday. A. the sports meeting will; doesnt rain B. will the sports meeting; doesnt rain C. the sports meeting will; will not rainA【2013湛江湛江】- I want to know _. - Sorry. Ive no idea. But she was here just now. A. where is Ann B. where Ann is C. where was Ann D. where Ann was 【2013盐城盐城】People in Yancheng are proud of _ they have achieved in the past thirty years. A. how B. which C. what D. whenBC