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1、2022江西专升本考试考试考前冲刺卷（4）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Passage Three Many theories about the origin of the ocean have been proposed by scientists. The most widely accepted one is that the earth at some time in its very early history became hot enough to melt
2、 the materials from which it was formed. While in this molten state, lighter rock-forming materials (造岩材料) floated on the surface of the heavier ones. Then, between four and a half four billion (十亿) years ago, the molten earth cooled sufficiently to form a crust of rock that was many miles thick. Su
3、rrounding the earth was an unbroken canopy of clouds miles thick and made up mostly of water vapor. Rain falling toward the still-hot earth was heated to steam and rose to the clouds again. After many millions of years, as the earth continued to cool, its surface temperature fell below the boiling p
4、oint of water. Rainwater could now remain on the earth, covering its whole surface except for the higher places on earth that had been formed from the lighter rock materials. In 1970, scientists had pieced together evidence that the lighter rock materials had formed one huge continent by a vast ocea
5、n. Then, about 200 million years ago, the great continent began to break up, the pieces moving slowly apart. The onrushing waters of the single huge ocean now entered and filled the spaces between the separating continents-and became the several oceans and seas we know today.According to the passage
6、, the earth in its very early period was _. Ain molten stateBin water stateCin rock stateDa vast ocean 2.Passage Four If you are like most people, your intelligence varies from season to season. You are probably a lot sharper in the spring than you are at any other time of year. A noted scientist, E
7、lls- worth Huntington (1876-1947) concluded from other mens work and his own among peoples in different climates that climate and: temperature have a definite effect on our mental abilities. He found that cool weather is much more favorable for creative thinking than summer heat is. This does not me
8、an that all people are less intelligent in the summer than they are during the rest of the year. It does mean, however, that mental, abilities of large numbers of people tend to be lowest in the summer. Spring appears to be the best period of the year for thinking. One reason may be that in the spri
9、ng mans mental abilities are affected by the same factors that bring about great changes in all nature. Fall is the next best season, then winter. As for summer, it seems to be a good time to take a long vacation from thinking!Mr. Huntingtons study showed that _. Athe climate of the place where one
10、lives may have an effect on his intelligenceBall people turn out to be less intelligent in summer due to the hith temperatureCpeople are less smart in summer due to the lack of factors existing in springDpeople live in tropic are less intelligent than people live in cooler area 3.Passage Two America
11、 put more people in prison in the 1990s than in any decade in its history. That started a debate over the wisdom of spending billions of dollars to keep nearly 2 million people locked up. According to statistics, the United States ends 1999 with 1983084 men and women in prisons. That shows an increa
12、se of nearly 840,000 prisoners during the 1990s and makes the United States the country with the highest prisoner population in the world. With the cost of housing a prisoner at about $20,000 a year the cost in 1999 for keeping all these prisoners behind bars is about $39 billion. Some experts argue
13、 that the money is well spent, saying the cost of keeping prisoners behind bars doesnt seem much in comparison in the 1990s coincided with (与相一致) a steady drop in the US crime rates. It is reported that serious crime has decreased for seven years in a row. There are noticeable number of people who d
14、ont do crimes because they dont want to go to prison, they say.From the first paragraph, we learn that _. Athe number of prisoners in America is increasingBAmerica has the largest prison in the worldCcrime in America is getting much more seriousDit is easy for a person to be locked up in America 4.P
15、assage Five In the 1900s, American townspeople usually washed and brushed their teeth and combed their hair in the kitchen. Or they kept a water pitcher (大水罐) and a wash basin in their rooms and took care of these things there. The bathtub was a wash tub (澡盆) filled with water from the stove. If you
16、 were small enough you could sit down by drawing your knees to your chest, Otherwise, you washed yourself standing up. Often all the women and girls in the family bathed together. Then the men and boys did. In most families this was Saturday-night because Sundays they went to church. A small number
17、of families did have running water. But that depended on Whether there was a water system where they lived and on whether they could afford the plumbing (水管实施 ). Some people had bathtubs in their homes as early as 1895. But many others did not have their first bath in a bathtub until 1910 or later w
18、hen they were fifteen or sixteen years old.In order to use the water from the stove, there _ be a pipe connecting the tub with the stove. AmustBseemed toCneedntDshould 5.Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is most suit
19、able and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the answer sheet. In fact, there was hardly any activity or social event that could not be set to Music. Weddings, births, christening, funerals, picnics, parades- 21 had their musical accompaniment. After the American Civil War (18
20、60-1865), the Negroes had gained their freedom and were ready 22 a new type of music, 23 that would preserve their musical traditions but be fast and happy 24 their 25 freedom. They wanted something they could play as professional musicians for both black and white audiences. Jazz was the answer. It
21、 combined themes from Negro work songs, spirituals and blues, set to a fast beat, 26 the musicians improvising (即兴而作) as they went along, like the funeral marching bands. To be good, a musician had not only to remember his part but also 27 able to invent new variations on the spur (激励) of the moment
22、. Jazz 28 the people, but popular 29 is changed many times in form, style, and tempo. Each change added something 30 . AforBinCtoDon 6.Directions: There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B,
23、 C and D. Choose the best answer and blackening the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.Passage One Artificial flowers are used for scientific as well as for decorative purposes. They are made from a variety of materials, such as wax and glass, so skillfully that they can scarcely be distinguis
24、hed from natural flowers. In making such models, painstaking skill and artistry are called for, as well as thorough knowledge of plant structure. The collection of glass flowers in the Botanical Museum of Harvard University is the most famous in North America and is widely known throughout the scien
25、tific world. In all, there are several thousand models in colored glass, the work of two artists-naturalists, Leopold Blaschka and his son Rudolph. The intention was to have the collection represent at least one member of each flower family native to the United States. Although it was never complete
26、d, it contains more than seven hundred species representing 164 families of flowering plants, a group of fruits showing the effect of fungus diseases, and thousands of flower parts and magnified details. Every detail of these is accurately reproduced in color and structure. The models ate kept in lo
27、cked cases, as they are too valuable and fragile for classroom use.Which of the following statements about Leopold and Rudolph Blaschka is TRUE AThey were brothers.BThey were artists.CThey were florists.DThey were farmers. 7.Passage Three Many theories about the origin of the ocean have been propose
28、d by scientists. The most widely accepted one is that the earth at some time in its very early history became hot enough to melt the materials from which it was formed. While in this molten state, lighter rock-forming materials (造岩材料) floated on the surface of the heavier ones. Then, between four an
29、d a half four billion (十亿) years ago, the molten earth cooled sufficiently to form a crust of rock that was many miles thick. Surrounding the earth was an unbroken canopy of clouds miles thick and made up mostly of water vapor. Rain falling toward the still-hot earth was heated to steam and rose to
30、the clouds again. After many millions of years, as the earth continued to cool, its surface temperature fell below the boiling point of water. Rainwater could now remain on the earth, covering its whole surface except for the higher places on earth that had been formed from the lighter rock material
31、s. In 1970, scientists had pieced together evidence that the lighter rock materials had formed one huge continent by a vast ocean. Then, about 200 million years ago, the great continent began to break up, the pieces moving slowly apart. The onrushing waters of the single huge ocean now entered and f
32、illed the spaces between the separating continents-and became the several oceans and seas we know today.It can be learned from the passage that about four billion years ago _. Athe earth was in molten stateBthe earth surface temperature was above 100Cthe earth surface temperature was below 100Drain
33、water could remain on the earth 8.Passage Two America put more people in prison in the 1990s than in any decade in its history. That started a debate over the wisdom of spending billions of dollars to keep nearly 2 million people locked up. According to statistics, the United States ends 1999 with 1
34、983084 men and women in prisons. That shows an increase of nearly 840,000 prisoners during the 1990s and makes the United States the country with the highest prisoner population in the world. With the cost of housing a prisoner at about $20,000 a year the cost in 1999 for keeping all these prisoners
35、 behind bars is about $39 billion. Some experts argue that the money is well spent, saying the cost of keeping prisoners behind bars doesnt seem much in comparison in the 1990s coincided with (与相一致) a steady drop in the US crime rates. It is reported that serious crime has decreased for seven years
36、in a row. There are noticeable number of people who dont do crimes because they dont want to go to prison, they say.In 1999, the government spent about $ 39 billion to _. Aimprove the prison conditionsBkeep men and women in prisonCbuild houses for prisonersDmaintain the prisons 9.Passage Four If you
37、 are like most people, your intelligence varies from season to season. You are probably a lot sharper in the spring than you are at any other time of year. A noted scientist, Ells- worth Huntington (1876-1947) concluded from other mens work and his own among peoples in different climates that climat
38、e and: temperature have a definite effect on our mental abilities. He found that cool weather is much more favorable for creative thinking than summer heat is. This does not mean that all people are less intelligent in the summer than they are during the rest of the year. It does mean, however, that
39、 mental, abilities of large numbers of people tend to be lowest in the summer. Spring appears to be the best period of the year for thinking. One reason may be that in the spring mans mental abilities are affected by the same factors that bring about great changes in all nature. Fall is the next bes
40、t season, then winter. As for summer, it seems to be a good time to take a long vacation from thinking!Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage AThe climate is associated with mans intelligence.BPeoples creative thinking is changing from season to season.CThat temperature af
41、fects ones creative thinking has been scientifically proved.DAutumn is the second best season for thinking. 10.Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding l
42、etter on the answer sheet. In fact, there was hardly any activity or social event that could not be set to Music. Weddings, births, christening, funerals, picnics, parades- 21 had their musical accompaniment. After the American Civil War (1860-1865), the Negroes had gained their freedom and were rea
43、dy 22 a new type of music, 23 that would preserve their musical traditions but be fast and happy 24 their 25 freedom. They wanted something they could play as professional musicians for both black and white audiences. Jazz was the answer. It combined themes from Negro work songs, spirituals and blue
44、s, set to a fast beat, 26 the musicians improvising (即兴而作) as they went along, like the funeral marching bands. To be good, a musician had not only to remember his part but also 27 able to invent new variations on the spur (激励) of the moment. Jazz 28 the people, but popular 29 is changed many times
45、in form, style, and tempo. Each change added something 30 . AwhichBthatConeDall 11.Directions: There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and blackening the
46、corresponding letter on the answer sheet.Passage One Artificial flowers are used for scientific as well as for decorative purposes. They are made from a variety of materials, such as wax and glass, so skillfully that they can scarcely be distinguished from natural flowers. In making such models, pai
47、nstaking skill and artistry are called for, as well as thorough knowledge of plant structure. The collection of glass flowers in the Botanical Museum of Harvard University is the most famous in North America and is widely known throughout the scientific world. In all, there are several thousand mode
48、ls in colored glass, the work of two artists-naturalists, Leopold Blaschka and his son Rudolph. The intention was to have the collection represent at least one member of each flower family native to the United States. Although it was never completed, it contains more than seven hundred species representing 164 families of flowering plants, a group of fruits showing the effect of fungus diseases, and thousands of flower parts and