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1、2022年内蒙古职称英语考试考前冲刺卷（2）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Architecture Architecture is to building as literature is to the printed word. The best buildings ate often so well constructed that they outlast their original use. They then survive not only as beauti
2、ful objects, but as documents of the history of cultures. These achievements are never wholly the work of individuals. Architecture is a social art. The renaissance brought about an entirely new age, not only in philosophy and literature but in the visual arts as well. In architecture, the principle
3、s and styles of ancient Greece and Rome were brought back to life and reinterpreted. They remain dominant until the 20th century. Many kinds of stone are used as building materials. Stone and marble were chosen for important monuments because they are not burnable and Can be expected to endure. Ston
4、e architecture was often blended with stone sculpture. The use of stone has declined, however, because a number of other materials ate more adaptable to industrial use. The complexity of modem lire calls for a variety of buildings. More people live in mass housing and go to work in large office buil
5、dings; they spend their income in large shopping centers, send their children to many different kinds of schools, and when they ate sick they go to specialized hospitals and clinics. All these different types of buildings accumulated experiences needed by their designers. By the middle of the 20th c
6、entury, modem architecture, which was influenced by new technology and mass production, was dealing with increasingly complex social needs. Important characteristics of modem architectural works are expanses of glass and the use of reinforced concrete. Advances in elevator technology, air conditioni
7、ng, and electric lighting have all had important effects.A. Building MaterialsB. Need of Greater Building Varieties in Modern LifeC. Restoration of Ancient CivilizationsD. Evolution in StyleE. Factors Affecting Modem Architectur 6F. A Social ArtAncient Greek and Roman architectural styles, which wer
8、e restored during renaissance, were still influential 2.Interview The importance and focus of the interview in the work of the print and broadcast journalist are reflected in several books that have been written on the topic. Most of these books, as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limit
9、ed to, journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress the how to aspects of journalistic interviewing rather than the conceptual aspects of the interview, its context, and implications. Much of the how to material is based on personal experiences and general impressions. As we kno
10、w, in journalism as in other fields, much can be learned from the systematic study of professional practice. Such study brings together evidence from which broad generalized principles can be developed. There is, as has been suggested, a growing body of research literature in journalism and broadcas
11、ting, but very little significant attention has been devoted to the study of the interview itself. On the other hand, many general texts as well as numerous research articles on interviewing in fields other than journalism have been written. Many of these books and articles present the theoretical a
12、nd empirical (经验的) aspects of the interview as well as the training of the interviewers. Unhappily, this plentiful general literature about interviewing pays little attention to the journalistic interview. The fact that the general literature on interviewing does not deal with the journalistic inter
13、view seems to be surprising for two reasons. First, it seems likely that most people in modem Western societies are more familiar, at least in a positive manner, with journalistic interviewing than any other form of interviewing. Most of us are probably somewhat familiar with the clinical interview,
14、 such as that conducted by physicians and psychologists. In these situations the professional person or interviewer is interested in getting information necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of the person seeking help. Another familiar situation is the job interview. However, very few of us have
15、 actually been interviewed personally by the mass media, particularly by television. And yet, we have a vivid acquaintance with the journalistic interview by virtue of our roles as readers, listeners, and viewers. Even so, the understanding of the journalistic interview, especially television interv
16、iew, requires thoughtful analyses and even study, as this book indicates.We should pay attention to the interview in a clinical interview.ARightBWrongCNot Mentioned 3.Architecture Architecture is to building as literature is to the printed word. The best buildings ate often so well constructed that
17、they outlast their original use. They then survive not only as beautiful objects, but as documents of the history of cultures. These achievements are never wholly the work of individuals. Architecture is a social art. The renaissance brought about an entirely new age, not only in philosophy and lite
18、rature but in the visual arts as well. In architecture, the principles and styles of ancient Greece and Rome were brought back to life and reinterpreted. They remain dominant until the 20th century. Many kinds of stone are used as building materials. Stone and marble were chosen for important monume
19、nts because they are not burnable and Can be expected to endure. Stone architecture was often blended with stone sculpture. The use of stone has declined, however, because a number of other materials ate more adaptable to industrial use. The complexity of modem lire calls for a variety of buildings.
20、 More people live in mass housing and go to work in large office buildings; they spend their income in large shopping centers, send their children to many different kinds of schools, and when they ate sick they go to specialized hospitals and clinics. All these different types of buildings accumulat
21、ed experiences needed by their designers. By the middle of the 20th century, modem architecture, which was influenced by new technology and mass production, was dealing with increasingly complex social needs. Important characteristics of modem architectural works are expanses of glass and the use of
22、 reinforced concrete. Advances in elevator technology, air conditioning, and electric lighting have all had important effects.A. Building MaterialsB. Need of Greater Building Varieties in Modern LifeC. Restoration of Ancient CivilizationsD. Evolution in StyleE. Factors Affecting Modem Architectur 6F
23、. A Social ArtAs modem life becomes more complex, people have to put up many different kinds of buildings_. 4.Interview The importance and focus of the interview in the work of the print and broadcast journalist are reflected in several books that have been written on the topic. Most of these books,
24、 as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limited to, journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress the how to aspects of journalistic interviewing rather than the conceptual aspects of the interview, its context, and implications. Much of the how to material is based on p
25、ersonal experiences and general impressions. As we know, in journalism as in other fields, much can be learned from the systematic study of professional practice. Such study brings together evidence from which broad generalized principles can be developed. There is, as has been suggested, a growing
26、body of research literature in journalism and broadcasting, but very little significant attention has been devoted to the study of the interview itself. On the other hand, many general texts as well as numerous research articles on interviewing in fields other than journalism have been written. Many
27、 of these books and articles present the theoretical and empirical (经验的) aspects of the interview as well as the training of the interviewers. Unhappily, this plentiful general literature about interviewing pays little attention to the journalistic interview. The fact that the general literature on
28、interviewing does not deal with the journalistic interview seems to be surprising for two reasons. First, it seems likely that most people in modem Western societies are more familiar, at least in a positive manner, with journalistic interviewing than any other form of interviewing. Most of us are p
29、robably somewhat familiar with the clinical interview, such as that conducted by physicians and psychologists. In these situations the professional person or interviewer is interested in getting information necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of the person seeking help. Another familiar situat
30、ion is the job interview. However, very few of us have actually been interviewed personally by the mass media, particularly by television. And yet, we have a vivid acquaintance with the journalistic interview by virtue of our roles as readers, listeners, and viewers. Even so, the understanding of th
31、e journalistic interview, especially television interview, requires thoughtful analyses and even study, as this book indicates.The television interviews doesnt require thoughtful analyses.ARightBWrongCNot Mentioned 5.A Small Event One afternoon in January 1989, Suzan Sharp, 43, and her 8-year-old so
32、n, David ,were walking hard across an icy parking lot, when Suzans cane (手杖)slid on the ice . She face fist into the mud . David to her side . Are you all right, Mom , Suzan put herself up. Im okay, honey. she said. It had been nearly two years since Suzan had trouble walking. She was falling more n
33、ow. Every inch of ice was a danger for her. I could do something, the boy thought. David, too, was having of his own. The boy had a speech defect. At school he asked questions or read aloud. One day Davids teacher announced a assignment. Each of you is going to come up with an invention, she said. T
34、his was for INVENT AMERICA!, a national competition to encourage creativity in . An idea hit David one evening. only his mothers cane didnt slip on ice ,he thought. Thats it! David realized. What if I fixed your cane to a nail stretched out of the bottom he asked his mother. His mother told him, it
35、would scratch floors. It looks like a ball-point pen. You take your hand the button and the nail returns back up. Hours later the cane was finished. David and his father, Jeff, as Suzan used it to walk 50 feet across the . It works! she said . In July 1989, David was declared national winner at the
36、annual INVENT AMERICA! ceremony in Washington D.C. As David began to make appearances, he was forced to communicate more clearly. Today, David is nearly free of his cane which is waiting to be widely used. So the boy who once had trouble talking now hopes to start making canes for people who have tr
37、ouble walking.AdemandBdiseaseChopeDtrouble 6.Architecture Architecture is to building as literature is to the printed word. The best buildings ate often so well constructed that they outlast their original use. They then survive not only as beautiful objects, but as documents of the history of cultu
38、res. These achievements are never wholly the work of individuals. Architecture is a social art. The renaissance brought about an entirely new age, not only in philosophy and literature but in the visual arts as well. In architecture, the principles and styles of ancient Greece and Rome were brought
39、back to life and reinterpreted. They remain dominant until the 20th century. Many kinds of stone are used as building materials. Stone and marble were chosen for important monuments because they are not burnable and Can be expected to endure. Stone architecture was often blended with stone sculpture
40、. The use of stone has declined, however, because a number of other materials ate more adaptable to industrial use. The complexity of modem lire calls for a variety of buildings. More people live in mass housing and go to work in large office buildings; they spend their income in large shopping cent
41、ers, send their children to many different kinds of schools, and when they ate sick they go to specialized hospitals and clinics. All these different types of buildings accumulated experiences needed by their designers. By the middle of the 20th century, modem architecture, which was influenced by n
42、ew technology and mass production, was dealing with increasingly complex social needs. Important characteristics of modem architectural works are expanses of glass and the use of reinforced concrete. Advances in elevator technology, air conditioning, and electric lighting have all had important effe
43、cts.A. Building MaterialsB. Need of Greater Building Varieties in Modern LifeC. Restoration of Ancient CivilizationsD. Evolution in StyleE. Factors Affecting Modem Architectur 6F. A Social ArtThe use of new building materials and the introduction of such new technology as the elevator and the air-co
44、nditioner have played all important role_. 7.A Small Event One afternoon in January 1989, Suzan Sharp, 43, and her 8-year-old son, David ,were walking hard across an icy parking lot, when Suzans cane (手杖)slid on the ice . She face fist into the mud . David to her side . Are you all right, Mom , Suza
45、n put herself up. Im okay, honey. she said. It had been nearly two years since Suzan had trouble walking. She was falling more now. Every inch of ice was a danger for her. I could do something, the boy thought. David, too, was having of his own. The boy had a speech defect. At school he asked questi
46、ons or read aloud. One day Davids teacher announced a assignment. Each of you is going to come up with an invention, she said. This was for INVENT AMERICA!, a national competition to encourage creativity in . An idea hit David one evening. only his mothers cane didnt slip on ice ,he thought. Thats i
47、t! David realized. What if I fixed your cane to a nail stretched out of the bottom he asked his mother. His mother told him, it would scratch floors. It looks like a ball-point pen. You take your hand the button and the nail returns back up. Hours later the cane was finished. David and his father, J
48、eff, as Suzan used it to walk 50 feet across the . It works! she said . In July 1989, David was declared national winner at the annual INVENT AMERICA! ceremony in Washington D.C. As David began to make appearances, he was forced to communicate more clearly. Today, David is nearly free of his cane which is waiting to be widely used. So the boy who once had trouble talking now hopes to start making canes for people who have trouble walking.ArarelyBoftenCalwaysDoccasionally